改变肠道微生物群是否有助于控制肠易激综合征（IBS）症状？

• 厚壁菌门（约 64%）

• 拟杆菌门（约 23%）

• 变形菌门（少于 8%）

• 放线菌门（少于 3%）

• 梭杆菌、疣微菌（少于 1%）。

• 吸烟
• 过量饮酒
• 娱乐性药物
• 慢性心理压力或抑郁
• 久坐的生活方式
• 环境毒素
• 睡眠不足或昼夜节律紊乱。

• 六周后，嗜酸乳杆菌和乳酸杆菌益生菌均能减轻严重的腹痛。与安慰剂相比，益生菌还能改善腹胀、排便习惯和生活质量。服用任一益生菌的人大便形状也更正常。¹⁵

• 益生菌植物乳杆菌在一项为期四周的研究中减轻了腹痛和腹胀。¹⁶ 一项为期 12 周的研究结果显示，它使腹痛严重程度降低了 67%，腹泻减少了 70%，便秘减少了 79%。还值得注意的是，植物乳杆菌可能有助于改善 IBS 患者的生活质量。服用这种益生菌的人报告称，12 周后心理健康状况改善了 110%。¹⁹

• 与服用安慰剂的人相比，被诊断为功能性便秘的成年人在补充益生菌动物乳酸菌28 天后，排便更加规律。²⁰

• 12 周后，服用益生菌嗜酸乳杆菌的患有中度至重度 IBS 相关疼痛的成年人与服用安慰剂的人相比，腹痛症状明显减轻。²¹

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