文章推荐 ‖ 基于POI的特大城市教育-医疗-养老设施与建成环境的空间匹配性研究——以成都市核心区为例 (2024年第3期)

学术   2024-09-25 15:37   北京  

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文章题目/Title

基于POI的特大城市教育-医疗-养老设施与建成环境的空间匹配性研究

——以成都市核心区为例

Spatial Matching Degree Between Education, Healthcare, Elderly Care Facilities and the Built Environment in Megacities Based on POI Data: A Case Study of Chengdu Central Urban Area



作者/Authors

师满江 魏兰雁 曹琦  黄宇蝶  Shi Manjiang, Wei Lanyan, Cao Qi, Huang Yudie


摘要/Abstract

特大城市在快速的城镇化进程中,导致基本公共服务设施和城市建成环境等在空间分布上的差异性,当前对城市基本公共服务设施的研究侧重其空间分布的均等化研究,相对忽视了基本公共服务设施与城市建成环境之间的不完全匹配性。以成都市核心区为例,选取教育-医疗-养老设施三大类基本公共服务设施,首先分析了教育-医疗-养老设施及建成环境的空间分布特征,然后通过双变量空间自相关模型,分析了研究区教育-医疗-养老设施空间分布与建成环境的空间匹配性特征,主要结论有:(1)研究区教育-医疗设施空间分布呈“一核多中心”结构,城市中心为“一核”,围绕中心区的各城郊街道为次级“多中心”,而养老设施整体呈现“核心-边缘”特征;(2)研究区建成环境的空间分布整体呈“核心-边缘”的放射状扩散结构,城市中心区为核心区,连接“边缘-各城郊街道”;(3)从城市中心向外扩散,研究区教育-医疗-养老设施空间分布与城市建成环境的空间匹配性呈“高-低-中-高”的空间差异性特征,特别是在城乡过渡带形成显著的空间不匹配。文章最后讨论认为:城市化进程中,城市基本公共服务设施的均等化配置在城乡过渡带易形成空间不匹配现象,应引起城市规划师和管理者的重视。

During rapid urbanization, megacities see disparities in the spatial distribution of basic public service facilities and the urban built environment. Current research on basic public service facilities focuses on equal spatial distribution, leading to the overlook of their match with the surrounding built environment. Based on a case study on education, healthcare, and elderly care facilities in Chengdu central urban area, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution of these facilities and the built environment, and examines their spatial matching degree using a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model. The findings reveal the following insights: firstly, education and healthcare facilities present a “one core and multi-center” spatial distribution pattern, with the city center serving as the core and suburban subdistricts acting as the multiple centers, while elderly care facilities present a core-edge distribution pattern in contrast; secondly, the built environment presents a core-edge radial distribution pattern, with the city center acting as the nucleus that connects suburban subdistricts; thirdly, the spatial matching degree between the facilities and the urban built environment from the city center outwards is characterized by high, low, medium, and high levels. Notably, a significant spatial mismatch is observed in urban-rural transitional zones. In light of these findings, the paper comes to a conclusion that during urbanization, the efforts to equalize basic public service facilities in the urban-rural transitional zones may lead to spatial mismatches, to which urban planners and managers should pay close attention.


关键词/Keywords

基本公共服务设施;城市建成环境;空间自相关分析;成都市

basic public service facilities; urban built environment; spatial autocorrelation analysis; Chengdu



图表摘选/Figures & Tables

图1 研究区域

Figure 1 Research area

表1 本研究主要数据源

Table 1 Sources of data in this paper

图2 研究区幼儿园(a)、小学(b)、中学(c)、诊所(d)、专科医院(e)、综合医院(f)、养老院(g)、日间照料(h)的核密度分析图

Figure 2 Kernel density analysis of kindergarten (a), primary school (b), secondary school (c), clinic (d), specialty hospital (e), general hospital (f), nursing home (g), and day care (h) in the research area

图3 研究区教育(a)、医疗(b)和养老设施(c)的核密度分析图

Figure 3 Kernel density analysis of education (a), healthcare (b), and elderly care facilities (c) in the research area



作者简介/Authors Information

师满江,副教授,西南科技大学,绵阳。研究领域:韧性城市理论与实践。

Shi Manjiang, Associate Professor, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, P. R. China. Research area: theory and practice of resilient cities.


魏兰雁,硕士研究生,西南科技大学,绵阳。

Wei Lanyan, Postgraduate Student, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, P. R. China.


曹琦,副教授,西南科技大学,绵阳。研究领域:城市智能规划。

Cao Qi, Associate Professor, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, P. R. China. Research area: urban intelligent planning.


黄宇蝶,硕士研究生,西南科技大学,绵阳。

Huang Yudie, Postgraduate Student, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, P. R. China.

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China City Planning Review (《城市规划(英文版)》)创刊于1985年,为中国城市规划学会会刊,国内城市规划领域唯一全英文期刊,致力于向国外读者介绍国内本领域最新学术研究成果。
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