运动生理学、运动训练学专业名词（中英文对照）
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2024-10-22 19:02
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all-or-none principle 全或无原则appendicular skeleton 附肢骨骼atrioventricular(AV) bundle 房室束atrioventricular(AV) node 房室结atrioventricular(AV) valves房室瓣cartilaginous joints 软骨关节electrocardiogram(ECG) 心电图Golgi tendon organ(GTO) 高尔基腱器neuromuscular junction 神经肌肉接头parasympathetic nervous system副交感神经系统sarcoplasmic reticulum 肌质网sliding-filament theory 肌丝滑行学说sympathetic nervous system交感神经系统anatomical position 解剖学姿势bracketing technique 区间训练法concentric muscle action 肌肉向心运动eccentric muscle action 肌肉离心运动fibrous attachments 纤维性附着isometric muscle action 肌肉等长运动mechanical advantage 机械效率adenosine diphosphate(ADP) 二磷酸腺苷adenosine monoph osphate(AMP)一磷酸腺苷adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)腺苷三磷酸酶(ATPase)adenosine triphosphate(ATP)三磷酸腺苷adenylate kinase reaction腺苷酸激酶反应allosteric activation 变构激活allosteric inhibition 变构抑制anaerobic glycolysis 无氧糖酵解branched-chain amino acid 支链氨基酸combination training 组合训练creatine phosphate(CP) 磷酸肌酸electron transport chain(ETC) 电子传递链excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) 运动后过量氧耗flavin adenine dinucleotide(FADH)黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸high-intensity interval training(HIIT)高强度间歇训练inorganic phosphate 无机磷酸盐lactate threshold(LT) 乳酸阈mass action effect 质量作用效果metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒metabolic specificity 代谢特异性myokinase reaction 肌酸激酶反应near-equilibrium reactions 近平衡反应allosteric binding site 变构结合位点General Adaptation Syndrome一般适应综合征hormone-receptor complex(H-RC)激素-受体复合物lock-and-key theory 锁-匙理论neuroendocrine immunology神经内分泌免疫学neuroendocrinology 神经内分议学anaerobic alactic system 无氧非乳酸系统anaerobic lactic system 无氧乳酸系统bilateral facilitation 双侧促进bone mineral density(BMD) 骨密度electromyography(EMG) 肌电图functional overreaching(FOR)功能性过度努力minimal essential strain(MES)最小必要压力neuromuscular junction(NMJ)神经肌肉接头nonfunctional overreaching(NFOR)非功能性过度努力overtraining syndrome(OTS)过度训练综合征parasympathetic overtraining syndrome 副交感神经过度训练综合征progressive overload 渐进式超负荷rate-pressure product 心率-血压乘积selective recruitment 选择性募集specificity of loading 负荷特异性structural exercises 结构性练习sympathetic overtraining syndrome交感神经过度训练综合征ventilatory equivalent 通气当量anatomical dead space 解剖无效腔arteriovenous oxygen difference动静脉血氧差diastolic blood pressure 舒张压end-diastolic volume 舒张末期容积erythropoietin(EPO) 促红细胞生成素frank-Starling mechanism弗兰克-斯塔林机制functional overreaching 功能性过度努力maximal oxygen uptake 最大摄氧量mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压metabolic equivalent(MET) 代谢当量minute ventilation 每分钟通气量nonfunctional overreaching非功能性过度刺激physiological dead space 肺泡无效腔rate-pressure product 心率-血压乘积systolic blood pressure 收缩压ventilatory equivalent 通气当量anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)前交叉韧带female athlete triad 女性运动员三联征peak height velocity(PHV)身高增长速率高峰Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range(AMDR)接受的常量营养素分布范围Adequate Intake(AI) 适宜摄入量Dietary Reference Intake(DRI)膳食参考摄入量docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)二十二碳六烯酸eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)二十碳五烯酸Estimated Average Requirement(EAR)估计平均需求量high-density lipoprotein(HDL)高密度脂蛋白low-density lipoprotein(LDL)低密度脂蛋白muscle protein synthesis 肌肉蛋白质合成omega-3 fatty acid alphalinolenicacid(ALA)w-3脂肪酸a-亚麻酸protein digestibility 蛋白质消化率protein digestibility correct amino acid score(PDCAAS)蛋白质消化率校正的氨基酸评分Recommended Dietary Allowances(RDA) 推荐每日摄入量Tolerable Upper Intake Level(UL)可耐受上限摄入量very low-density lipoproteins(VLDL)极低密度脂蛋白athletic performance 运动表现descriptive statistics 描述性统计high-speed muscular strength高速肌肉力量inferential statistics 推论统计local muscular endurance 局部肌肉耐力low-speed muscular strength低速肌肉力量magnitude statistics 量值统计maximal anaerobic muscular power最大无氧爆发力smallest worthwhile change最小的有价值变化agonist contraction 主动肌收缩autogenic inhibition 自生抑制ball-and-socket joint 球窝关节dynamic flexibility 动态柔韧性hold-relax with agonist contraction保持-放松同时主动肌收缩proprioceptive neuromuscular faci- litation(PNF) 本体感觉神经肌肉易化Raise, Activate and Mobilize,and Potentiate(RAMP)提升-激活与灵活性-增强range of motion(ROM) 关节活动度reciprocal inhibition 交互抑制five-point body contact position身体五点接触姿势free weight exercises 自由重量练习out-of-the-rack exercises 架外练习over-the-face barbell exercises杠铃在面部上方的练习partner-assisted reps 同伴协助重复range of motion(ROM) 关节活动度structural exercises 结构性练习12. 传统动作的变式训练和非传统器械训练的练习方法accommodating resistance可调节性抗阻训练altemnative modes 传统动作的变式训练anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)前十字交叉韧带bilateral asymmetries 双侧不对称bilateral facilitation 双侧易化constant external resistance恒定外阻训练ground-based free weight exercises稳定平面自由重量练习machine-based training固定轨迹器械训练nontraditional implement非传统器械训练1-repetition maximum(1RM)一次重复最大重量exercise technique experience动作练习的技术经验multijoint exercise 多关节练习physiological analysis 生理分析repetition maximum (RM)特定重复次数的最大重量specific adaptation to imposeddemands (SAID) 专项适应需求single-joint exercise 单关节练习structural exercise 结构性练习multiple hops and jumps多形式单脚跳和双脚跳series elastic component(SEC)串联弹性组件stretch-shortening cycle(SSC) 拉长-缩短周期postactivation potentiation激活后增强效应rate of force development(RFD)力的生成速率spring-mass model(SMM)弹簧-质量模型age-predicted maximal heart rate(APMHR) 年龄预测的最大心率cross-training 交叉训练(换项训练)heart rate reserve(HRR) 储备心率high-intensity interval training高强度间歇训练long, slow distance training(LSD)长距离慢速训练maximal aerobic capacity(VO2max)最大有氧能力maximal lactate steady state最大乳酸稳定状态metabolic equivalent(MET) 代谢当量pace/tempo training 配速/节奏训练percentage of maximal heart rate(MHR) method 最大心率百分比法ratings of perceived exertion(RPE)自感努力程度/主观疲劳度annual training plan 年度训练计划basic strength phase 基础力量阶段daily undulating periodization 每日波动的周期first transition period 第一过渡期fitness-fatigue paradigm 适应-疲劳模型General Adaptation Syndrome(GAS)一般适应综合征general preparatory phase 一般准备阶段hypertrophy/strength endurance phase 肌肉肥大/力量耐力阶段linear periodization 线性周期nonlinear periodization 非线性周期second transition period 第二过渡期specific preparatory phase 专项准备阶段stimulus-fatigue-recovery-adaptation theory 刺激-疲劳-恢复-适应理论strength/power phase 力量/爆发力阶段traditional periodization 传统周期来源. 黑马科学训练坊、《《NSCA-CSCS美国国家体能协会体能教练认证指南（第4版）》
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-本硕 北京体育大学 运动训练专业
-原山东女足体能教练
-原山西、福建滑板队体能教练
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