【中文为自动翻译，仅供参考，以英文原文为准】
新闻稿 | 2024 年 10 月 31 日 | 布鲁塞尔
在可再生能源显著增长的推动下，欧盟温室气体排放量在 2023 年下降了 8% 以上
欧盟委员会今天发布了 2024 年气候行动进展报告，显示 2023 年欧盟温室气体 （GHG） 净排放量与上一年相比下降了 8.3%。这是几十年来最大的年度降幅，除了 2020 年，当时 COVID-19 导致排放量减少了 9.8%。温室气体净排放量现在比 1990 年的水平低 37%，而同期 GDP 增长了 68%，表明排放和经济增长持续脱钩。欧盟仍有望实现到 2030 年将排放量减少至少 55% 的承诺。
2023 年，欧盟排放交易体系涵盖的电力和工业设施的排放量下降了创纪录的 16.5%。 ETS 行业的排放量目前比 2005 年的水平低约 47.6%，有望实现 2030 年 -62% 的目标。
根据欧盟排放交易体系，在可再生能源（尤其是风能和太阳能）增长以及从煤炭转型的推动下，电力生产和供暖的排放量与 2022 年相比减少了 24%。航空排放量增长了 9.5%，延续了 COVID 后的趋势。
欧盟排放交易体系 （EU ETS） 在 2023 年为气候行动投资创造了 436 亿欧元的收入。74 亿欧元分配给创新基金和现代化基金，其余资金直接流向会员国。
2023 年，建筑、农业、国内运输、小型工业和废物排放（由《努力分担条例》涵盖）下降了约 2%。建筑行业推动了降幅，下降了约 5.5%。农业排放量下降了 2%，而运输排放量下降了不到 1%。
2023 年，欧盟的自然碳汇增加了 8.5%，扭转了过去十年土地利用、土地利用变化和林业 （LULUCF） 行业的下降趋势。然而，要实现 2030 年目标，还需要进一步努力。
虽然这份报告提供了有关欧盟减排的令人鼓舞的消息，但在我们已经变化的气候的推动下，去年也发生了更多的灾难性事件以及生命和生计的损失，而且全球排放量尚未达到峰值。必须采取持续行动，以确保欧盟实现其 2030 年目标，并让自己走上实现未来 2040 年目标和 2050 年净零排放目标的正确道路。欧盟还必须继续其国际参与，从下个月的 COP29 开始，以确保我们的国际伙伴也采取必要的行动。
虽然会员国正在缓慢改善气候适应和增强韧性，但进一步行动至关重要。2023 年，欧洲经历了有记录以来最大的野火、有记录以来最潮湿的年份之一、严重的海洋热浪、大范围的毁灭性洪水以及持续升高的气温。欧盟委员会关于管理气候风险的通报和欧洲气候风险评估都强调，在确定政策优先事项时，需要考虑各级治理以及所有部门政策的气候风险。
过去一年，欧盟与其国际伙伴进行了富有成效的合作，以加强气候行动，尤其是在迪拜举行的 COP28 上。在 COP28 上，缔约方完成了《巴黎协定》下的首次全球盘点，并决定到 2030 年及以后加快行动，包括摆脱化石燃料转型、将全球可再生能源产能增加两倍以及到 2030 年将全球能源效率的年平均增长率提高一倍。欧盟、其成员国和金融机构（统称为“欧洲团队”）仍然是发展援助的主要贡献者和世界上最大的气候融资贡献者，约占全球公共气候融资的三分之一。
背景
气候行动进展报告是对年度能源联盟状况报告的补充。它概述了根据《治理条例》的要求，在实现欧盟减排目标方面取得的进展。该报告还列出了应对气候变化的主要成就和最新进展。它涵盖了每个成员国的实际（历史）排放量和预计的未来排放量，以及有关欧盟政策和措施、气候融资和适应的信息。
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自我加码：欧盟将2030年温室气体减排目标从40%提高到55%
PRESS RELEASE | Oct 31, 2024 | Brussels | 3 min read
EU greenhouse gas emissions fell by over 8% in 2023, driven by impressive growth in renewable energy
The European Commission has published today the 2024 Climate Action Progress Report, showing that net EU greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions fell by 8.3% in 2023 compared to the previous year. This is the largest annual drop in decades, with the exception of 2020 when COVID-19 led to emission cuts of 9.8%. Net GHG emissions are now 37% below 1990 levels, while GDP grew by 68% over the same period, showing the continued decoupling of emissions and economic growth. The EU remains on track to reach its commitment to reduce emissions by at least 55% by 2030.
Emissions from power and industrial installations covered by the EU Emissions Trading System saw a record 16.5% decrease in 2023. ETS sector emissions are now around 47.6% below 2005 levels and well on track to reach the 2030 target of -62%.
Under the EU ETS, emissions from electricity production and heating decreased by 24% compared to 2022, driven by the growth of renewable energy sources, in particular wind and solar energy, and the transition away from coal. Aviation emissions grew by 9.5%, continuing their post-COVID trend.
The EU ETS generated revenues of €43.6 billion in 2023 for climate action investments. €7.4 billion is assigned to the Innovation Fund and the Modernisation Fund, with the rest of the money going to Member States directly.
Buildings, agriculture, domestic transport, small industry and waste emissions (covered by the Effort Sharing Regulation) fell by around 2% in 2023. Reductions were driven by the buildings sector, decreasing by around 5.5%. Agricultural emissions fell by 2% while transport emissions fell by less than 1%.
The EU's natural carbon sink increased by 8.5% in 2023, reversing the declining trend of the past decade in the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector. However, further efforts are needed to meet the 2030 targets.
While this report gives encouraging news on EU emission reductions, the last year has also seen more catastrophic events and lost lives and livelihoods, driven by our already changing climate, and global emissions have not yet peaked. Continued action is necessary to ensure that the EU meets its 2030 targets and sets itself on the right path to achieve its future 2040 target, and the 2050 goal of net zero emissions. The EU must also continue its international engagement, starting with COP29 next month, to ensure that our international partners are also taking the necessary action.
While Member States are slowly improving on climate adaptation and building resilience, further action is crucial. In 2023, Europe experienced its largest wildfires ever recorded, one of the wettest years on record, major marine heatwaves, widespread devastating flooding, and a continuing increase in temperatures. The Commission Communication on Managing Climate Risks and the European Climate Risk Assessment both stressed that climate exposure needs to be considered at all levels of governance when setting policy priorities, and across all sectoral policies.
The past year has seen productive engagement by the EU with its international partners to enhance climate action, most notably at COP28 in Dubai. At COP28, the Parties concluded the first Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement, with decisions on accelerating action by 2030 and beyond, including the transition away from fossil fuels, tripling renewable energy capacity globally and doubling the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements by 2030. The EU, its Member States and financial institutions, collectively known as Team Europe, remain the leading contributor of development assistance and the world's biggest climate finance contributor, accounting for about a third of global public climate finance.
Background
The Climate Action Progress Report complements the annual State of the Energy Union Report. It outlines the progress made towards the EU's emission reduction targets, as required by the Governance Regulation. The report also sets out key achievements and recent developments in the fight against climate change. It covers actual (historic) emissions and projected future emissions for every Member State, and information on EU policies and measures, climate finance and adaptation.
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