原文信息：
Enabling Central America's energy transition through renewable energy, energy citizenship, and regional integration
原文链接：
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261924018762#f0070
Highlights
• 中美洲实现到2050年100%可再生能源的路径。
• 在不同情景下，可再生能源的渗透率范围从60%到100%。
• 结果显示，各国特定的加权平均资本成本（WACC）如何影响能源转型。
• 雄心勃勃的可再生能源路径相比其他替代方案实现了最低成本。
• 支持性的政策、吸引力的电力市场和积极参与的公民对转型的成功至关重要。
Abstract
Transitioning to renewables in Central America is crucial for mitigating climate change and promoting energy citizenship. Research on highly renewable energy systems in the region is still lacking. To fill this gap, this study assesses pathways to defossilise the Central American energy system through 100% renewable energy in the seven countries of the region. Three main scenarios, Best, Delayed, and Current Policy, are formulated based on renewable energy technology penetration in power, heating, and transport sectors, as well as electricity exchange and market maturity. A novel approach incorporates country-specific weighted average cost of capital to model these assumptions. The energy transition is projected in 5-year increments until 2050 using the LUT Energy System Transition Model. Key findings indicate that the ambitious Best Policies Scenario foresees eliminating fossil fuel-generated electricity by 2050, relying solely on renewables, and defossilising hard-to-abate sectors via Power-to-X solutions and sector coupling. This transformation aims for zero CO2 emissions by 2050, requiring investments of 125–140 b€. Despite substantial investments, system cost reductions could profoundly impact Central American economies and societies, yielding socio-economic and environmental benefits. Achieving this transition necessitates supportive regulation, an attractive power market, and active engagement from energy citizens. The study highlights the feasibility and benefits of defossilising the Central American energy system using 100% renewable energy. It provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop effective strategies to accelerate the energy transition and achieve climate goals. The results could also be relevant to other regions with similar energy systems and challenges.
Keywords
Central America; Sustainable development; Energy citizenship; Developing countries; 100 % renewable energy; Smart energy system
Graphics
图1 2020年中美洲的能源平衡
图3 中美洲建模的地理范围
图4 中美洲（a）人均电力消费、（b）热能需求，以及（c、d）交通需求和人口增长的演变。
图6 中美洲2020年至2050年间各情景下（a）装机电力容量和（b）电力生成结构的10年间隔变化。
图10 燃料（a）转化能力、（b）供应和（c）各情景下交通领域的最终能源需求。
图1. 中美洲2020年至2050年间各情景下（a）平准化电力成本和（b）平准化最终能源成本的演变
关于Applied Energy
本期小编：彭维珂；审核人：董增澳
《Applied Energy》是世界能源领域著名学术期刊，在全球出版巨头爱思唯尔 (Elsevier) 旗下，1975年创刊，影响因子10.1，CiteScore 21.2，本刊旨在为清洁能源转换技术、能源过程和系统优化、能源效率、智慧能源、环境污染物及温室气体减排、能源与其他学科交叉融合、以及能源可持续发展等领域提供交流分享和合作的平台。开源（Open Access）姊妹新刊《Advances in Applied Energy》影响因子13.0，CiteScore 23.9。全部论文可以免费下载。在《Applied Energy》的成功经验基础上，致力于发表应用能源领域顶尖科研成果，并为广大科研人员提供一个快速权威的学术交流和发表平台，欢迎关注！
公众号团队小编招募长期开放，欢迎发送自我简介（含教育背景、研究方向等内容）至wechat@applied-energy.org
点击“阅读原文”
喜欢我们的内容？
点个“赞”或者“再看”支持下吧！
