句子成分和基本句型 检测版
一、根据句子成分和基本句型知识，选择正确答案。
1.She never lies.
A. 宾语 B. 谓语 C. 状语 D. 定语
2.It is a good job for me.
A. 表语 B. 状语 C. 定语 D. 主语
3.He sat there quietly. from zshunj_cn
A. 表语 B. 状语 C. 定语 D. 主语
4.In the sentence "Every morning, I hear the birds sing in the park", the underlined part is _______.
A. 表语 B. 宾语补足语 C. 间接宾语 D. 直接宾语
5."They painted the walls white." The underlined (画线的) part is ________.
A. 表语 B. 直接宾语 C. 间接宾语 D. 宾语补足语
6.Tell him to get on the bus at once.
A. 状语 B. 宾语 C. 定语 D. 表语
7.You should take an umbrella with you when you go out.
A. 谓语 B. 表语 C. 宾语 D. 定语 from zshunj_cn
8.The food tastes delicious.
A. 主语 B. 表语 C. 宾语 D. 状语
9.I saw her chatting with Nancy.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 宾语 D. 宾补 from zshunj_cn
10.There is a girl waiting for you downstairs.
A. 定语 B. 主语 C. 状语 D. 谓语
11.“The news makes me feel very happy.” The structure of this sentence is“________”.
A. S+V+O B. S + V + IO + DO
C. S + V + P D. S + V + DO + OC
12.The sentence structure of "The high temperature makes people sleepy." is ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+DO D. S+V+IO+DO
13.What’s the sentence structure of “She found her seat easily.”?
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC
14.The correct structure of the sentence "Driving brings the young man happiness" is _______.
A. S+V+IO+DO B. S+V+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P
15.The sentence structure of "Simon watched Tom eating some ice cream." is ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+O C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO
16.—How do you usually come to school?
—I _______ to school.
A. takes a bus B. by bus C. by a bus D. take a bus
17.What kind of structure is the sentence “The girl showed her classmates some of her family photos.” ?
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
18.The sentence(句子) “Mum bought me some nice presents” is ________ .
A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O
19.He taught some English.
A. me B. I C. she D. their from zshunj_cn
20.The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum the other day” is _______.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
二、分析句子成分，用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1.Judy made a careless mistake again because she never does things _________(care) .
2.______(do) sports is good for us.
3.There are some boys ________(swim) in the river.
4.Food ________ (safe) has become an important topic these days.
5. up early is better than walking after supper. (get)
6.Do you want __________(go) shopping with me?
7.________(catch) the first bus, I have to get up early.
8.I have made a _________ ( decide ) about my study goal for the new term.
9.Linda didnˈt pass the exam because of her __________( careless ) .
10.There are some girls ___________ (dance) in the next room now.
11.The girl __________(wear) glasses is my teacher.
12.I think _______________(drive) a car is much faster than taking a bus.
13.I bought a beautiful dress for ___________(my) yesterday.
14.When he was 25, he won an award for his painting. That was a _________ (turn) point in his life.
15.I think the Internet makes____________ (communicate) much easier.
16.The zookeeper asks us not ________ (get) close to the animals.
17.He is the first ________(get) to the station. from zshunj_cn
18.What about________（have）some bananas?
19.Although my grandma is 80 years old， she is still______ （health）．
20.I find it hard_________(learn) to fly kites.
句子成分和基本句型 解析版
一、根据句子成分和基本句型知识，选择正确答案。
1.She never lies.
A. 宾语 B. 谓语 C. 状语 D. 定语 from zshunj_cn
【答案】B 【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：她从不撒谎。划线词位于主语后，为动词，表示主语发出的动作，在句中作谓语，故选B项。
2.It is a good job for me.
A. 表语 B. 状语 C. 定语 D. 主语
【答案】D 【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：对我来说这是一份好工作。划线词位于句首，且为人称代词，在句中作主语，故选D项。
3.He sat there quietly.
A. 表语 B. 状语 C. 定语 D. 主语
【答案】B 【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：他安静地坐在那里。划线词为副词，修饰动词sat在句中作状语，故选B项。
4.In the sentence "Every morning, I hear the birds sing in the park", the underlined part is ____.from zshunj_cn
A. 表语 B. 宾语补足语 C. 间接宾语 D. 直接宾语
【答案】B 【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：每天早上，我都听到鸟儿在公园里唱歌。分析句子可知，画线的sing是宾语补足语，解释说明宾语the birds.故选B项。
5."They painted the walls white." The underlined (画线的) part is ________.
A. 表语 B. 直接宾语 C. 间接宾语 D. 宾语补足语
【答案】D 【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：他们把墙涂成了白色。分析句子结构可知，此处white用作宾语补足语，故选D项。
6.Tell him to get on the bus at once.
A. 状语 B. 宾语 C. 定语 D. 表语 from zshunj_cn
【答案】B 【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：告诉他马上上公交车。tell告诉，及物动词，所以him作tell的宾语。故选B项。
7.You should take an umbrella with you when you go out.
A. 谓语 B. 表语 C. 宾语 D. 定语
【答案】A【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：当你出去时，你应该带一把伞。should take在句子中作谓语，故选A项。
8.The food tastes delicious.
A. 主语 B. 表语 C. 宾语 D. 状语
【答案】B【解析】考查句子成分。句意：这种食物尝着很美味。taste为系动词，后通常跟形容词作表语。delicious美味的，形容词，故选B项。
9.I saw her chatting with Nancy.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 宾语 D. 宾补
【答案】D【解析】本题考查句子成分。在英语中，简单句的基本句型：简单句有以下5种基本句型。1.主语+ 不及物动词；2.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语；3.主语 + 系动词 + 表语；4.主语 + 及物动词 + 双宾语【双宾语一个指人（即间接宾语），另一个指物（即直接宾语）】；5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 补足语。当宾语意思表达不完整时，需要用补足语补充说明宾语的状态、性质等；这里划线部分是补充说明宾语her在干什么，故选D项。from zshunj_cn
10.There is a girl waiting for you downstairs.
A. 定语 B. 主语 C. 状语 D. 谓语
【答案】A【解析】考查句子成分。句意：有个女孩在楼下等你。划线waiting for you downstairs，作定语修饰限定名词girl.故选A项。
11.“The news makes me feel very happy.” The structure of this sentence is“________”.
A. S+V+O B. S + V + IO + DO
C. S + V + P D. S + V + DO + OC
【答案】D【解析】考查句子成分和基本句型。句意：这个消息让我感到非常开心。在句子The news makes me feel very happy.中，The news作主语，为S；makes作谓语，为V；me作直接宾语，为DO；feel very happy为宾语补足语，为OC.所以该句子的结构为S + V + DO + OC.故选D项。
12.The sentence structure of "The high temperature makes people sleepy." is ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+DO D. S+V+IO+DO
【答案】B【解析】考查句子成分和基本句型。句意：高温使人昏昏欲睡。此句是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”构成的简单句。其中“the high temperature”是主语；makes是谓语动词；people是宾语，而sleepy是宾语补足语。故选B项。
13.What’s the sentence structure of “She found her seat easily.”?
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】C【解析】考查句子成分和基本句型。句意：她很容易地找到了她的座位。通过分析句子成分可知，she主语；found谓语；her seat宾语。故选C项。
14.The correct structure of the sentence "Driving brings the young man happiness" is _______.来自 yykz.net
A. S+V+IO+DO B. S+V+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P
【答案】A【解析】考查句子成分和基本句型。句意：“骑行给年轻人带来快乐”是什么句子结构。此题问Driving brings the young man happiness的句子结构，driving是主语（S），brings是谓语(V)，the young man是间接宾语(IO)，happiness是直接宾语(DO).根据题意，故选A项。
15.The sentence structure of "Simon watched Tom eating some ice cream." is ________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+O C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO
【答案】C【解析】考查句子成分和基本句型。句意：Simon看着Tom吃冰淇淋。简单句中的一种，主语+谓语+间宾+宾补。其中Simon是主语，watched是谓语动词，Tom是直接宾语，分词部分eating some ice cream是宾补结构，即“S+V+DO+OC”.故选C项。
16.—How do you usually come to school?
—I _______ to school.from zshunj_cn
A. takes a bus B. by bus C. by a bus D. take a bus
【答案】D【解析】考查句子的谓语。句意：—你通常怎样来学校？—我乘公交车来学校。by bus乘公交车（by和bus之间不加冠词），作状语，常放于句末；take a bus乘公交车，动词短语，作谓语。分析句子结构可知，答句缺少谓语，故使用take a bus；I作主语，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词take用原形，故选D项。
17.What kind of structure is the sentence “The girl showed her classmates some of her family photos.” ?
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】C【解析】考查基本句型。句意：句子“The girl showed her classmates some of her family photos”是什么种类结构？The girl是主语，showed是谓语；her classmates是间接宾语，some of her family photos是直接宾语。A.主语+谓语+宾语；B.主语+系动词+表语；C.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；D.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。故选C项。
18.The sentence(句子) “Mum bought me some nice presents” is ________ .
A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O
【答案】C【解析】考查句子与句子成分。句意：妈妈给我买了一些漂亮的礼物。主语S是Mum，谓语V是bought，间接宾语IO是me，直接宾语DO是some nice presents.所以该句子结构是S+V+IO+DO，故选C项。
19.He taught some English.
A. me B. I C. she D. their
【答案】A【解析】考查句子与句子成分。句意：他教我一些英语。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查teach sb. sth.，此空是作teach的宾语，所以用代词宾格，故选A项。
20.The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum the other day” is _______.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】B【解析】考查基本句型和句子成分。句意：学生们几天前参观了博物馆。“The students visited the museum”这个句子的基本结构是主语+谓语+宾语。A.主语+谓语；B.主语+谓语+宾语；C.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；D.主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。根据The students（主语），visited（谓语），the museum（宾语）可知，该句子的结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”。故选B项。
二、分析句子成分，用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1.Judy made a careless mistake again because she never does things _________(care) .
【答案】carefully【解析】本题考查句子成分。句意：Judy又犯了粗心的错误，因为她从来不认真地做事情。分析句子成分，此处需要用care的副词形式修饰动词does；故填carefully.
2.______(do) sports is good for us.
【答案】Doing【解析】考查动名词。结合提示词和空后的sports可知，此处为固定用法dosports做运动，此用法中do为一个实义动词；分析句子结构可知，此处应用其动名词形式doing，doing sports此处为句子的主语；注意句首字母要大写，故填Doing.
3.There are some boys ________(swim) in the river.
【答案】swimming【解析】句意：有一些男孩子正在河里游泳。分析句子结构可知，此句There be sb. doing sth.+地点。在某地有某人正在做某事。此空用非谓语动词；boys与swim是主动关系，所以用现在分词作swimming作补语，故填swimming. 来自 yykz.net
4.Food ________ (safe) has become an important topic these days.
【答案】safety【解析】考查名词作主语。句意：如今，食品安全已经变成了一个重要的话题。根据句子结构和前面的food，可知本空处应使用名词作主语，food safety食品安全；故填safety.from zshunj_cn
5. up early is better than walking after supper. (get)
【答案】Getting【解析】考查非谓语动词。get拿到，get up起床，固定短语。此处谓语句首，且不是祈使句，所以不能用动词原形在句首。此处为主语部分，所以用动名词形式。get的动名词形式为getting.注意句首字母要大写，故填Getting.
6.Do you want __________(go) shopping with me?
【答案】to go【解析】考查不定式做宾语及固定表达。句意：你想和我一起去购物吗？固定表达want to do;故填to go.
7.________(catch) the first bus, I have to get up early.
【答案】To catch【解析】考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：为了赶上第一班车，我不得不早起。设空处为不定式做目的状语。注意句首字母要大写，故填To catch.
8.I have made a _________ ( decide ) about my study goal for the new term.
【答案】decision【解析】考查名词做宾语。由句子结构可知，设空处需用名词作宾语，故将动词decide转化成名词形式decision，由于前面有不定冠词a，故应使用单数，故填decision.
9.Linda didnˈt pass the exam because of her __________( careless ) .
【答案】carelessness【解析】考查名词作介词宾语。根据句意：琳达因为粗心没有通过考试。careless形容词，粗心的。根据句意这里应使用其名词形式做介词宾语。carelessness不可数名词，粗心。故填carelessness.
10.There are some girls ___________ (dance) in the next room now.
【答案】dancing【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：隔壁有一些女孩正在跳舞。现在分词短语dancing in the next room now修饰限定girls,作定语。故填dancing.
11.The girl __________(wear) glasses is my teacher.
【答案】wearing【解析】考查现在分词作定语。wear表示状态，意思是“佩戴，穿着”；wear glasses戴眼镜；本句的谓语动词是is，所以设空处应填一个非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词girl；wear和girl的关系是主动关系，所以应使用现在分词形式wearing.故填wearing.
12.I think _______________(drive) a car is much faster than taking a bus.
【答案】driving【解析】考查动名词做主语。此处是宾语从句省略that 的情况，所以后面是从句，从句中缺少主语，而drive驾驶，是动词，不能做主语，所以要用其动名词形式driving做主语。故填driving.
13.I bought a beautiful dress for ___________(my) yesterday.
【答案】myself【解析】考查反身代词作宾语。句意：我昨天给自己买了一件漂亮的衣服。当句子主语和宾语为同一人时，宾语使用反身代词，I的反身代词为myself.故填myself.
14.When he was 25, he won an award for his painting. That was a _________ (turn) point in his life.来自 yykz.net
【答案】turning【解析】考查现在分词作定语的用法。根据句子结构分析，设空处后面是名词，故此处需用动词的现在分词作定语。turn的现在分词是turning，a turningpoint一个转折点。故填 turning.
15.I think the Internet makes____________ (communicate) much easier.
【答案】communication【解析】考查名词作主语。句意：我认为互联网使交流更容易。根据题意，本空应填名词作从句的宾语。make sth. adj，固定短语，使得某物怎么样。communicate的名词形式是communication，不可数名词，交流，沟通。故填communication.
16.The zookeeper asks us not ________ (get) close to the animals.
【答案】to get【解析】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：动物园的看守者要求我们不要接近动物。ask sb. not to do sth.要求某人不要做某事，根据句意及分析可知，故填to get.
17.He is the first ________(get) to the station.
【答案】to get【解析】考查动词不定式作定语。句意：他是第一个到车站的。序数词后或被序数词修饰的名词后一般用不定式to do作后置定语，故填to get.
18.What about________（have）some bananas?
【答案】having【解析】考查动名词作宾语。句意：吃些香蕉怎样？What about doing sth.做某事怎样？固定句型。并且介词后需要用动名词形式。故填having.
19.Although my grandma is 80 years old， she is still______ （health）．
【答案】healthy【解析】考查形容词作表语。句意：虽然我的奶奶已经80岁了，但她仍然很健康。health是名词，其形容词形式是healthy，be动词后接形容词。故填healthy.
20.I find it hard_________(learn) to fly kites.
【答案】to learn【解析】考查动词不定式作宾语和固定句式。句意：我发现学放风筝很难。固定句型：主语+find it+形容词+to do sth.“发现做……很……”it做形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。故填to learn.
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