2024年新课标II卷
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
初学者和有经验的徒步者的选择
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
卡洛(Carlow )秋季徒步节，给初学者、有经验或高水平的徒步者是一个极好的机会去迎接卡洛山地徒步的挑战或享受其林地散步的平静。
Walk 1 — The Natural World
徒步路线1 —— 自然世界
With environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
由环保人士伊安娜·拉马娜(Éanna Lamhna)担任向导，这次徒步将是一次涨知识的旅行。徒步者一定会学到很多关于布莱克斯泰尔斯山（Blackstairs）栖息地和自然世界的知识。
词汇：
informative adj. 增长见闻的；信息量大的
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
日期和时间: 星期六，10月1日，09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
起点: 司各特桥
Walk Duration: 6 hours
步行时间: 6小时
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
徒步路线2 —— 登山入门
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
伊曼纽尔·查帕德(Emmanuel Chappard)是一名经验丰富的导游，他热心于让所有人都能接触到极好的户外活动。这次登山徒步可深入了解登山所需的技能，以确保你从未来的徒步旅行中获得最多益处。
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
日期和时间: 周日，10月2日，09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
起点: 鹿园停车场
Walk Duration: 5 hours
步行时间: 5小时
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
徒步路线3 —— 星空下尽享月光
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
夜晚徒步是走出舒适区的好方法。在当地徒步俱乐部热情的导游陪同下享受卡洛低地的壮丽景色。在黑暗中行走，手电筒和合适的衣服是必不可少的。那些穿着不得体的人将被禁止参加。
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
时间: 10月1日，星期六，18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
起点: 市政厅
Walk Duration: 3 hours
步行时间: 3小时
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
徒步路线4 —— 在基尔布兰尼什森林里步行摄影
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
这条增涨知识的徒步路线由理查德·史密斯(Richard Smyth)带领，向您介绍野外摄影的基本原则。带上您的相机，沿着这条平坦的森林小径欣赏美妙的景色。
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
日期和时间: 周日，10月2日，11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
起点: 基尔布兰尼什森林游乐区
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
步行时间: 1.5小时
1. Which walk takes the shortest time?
哪条路线时间最短?
A. The Natural World.
自然世界。
B. Introduction to Hillwalking.
登山入门
C. Moonlight Under the Stars.
星空下尽享月光
D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
在基尔布兰尼什森林里步行摄影
【答案】D
2. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?
步行路线3的参与者需要做什么?
A. Wear proper clothes.
穿合适的衣服。
B. Join a walking club.
参加一个步行俱乐部。
C. Get special permits.
获得特别许可证。
D. Bring a survival guide.
带一本生存指南。
【答案】A
3. What do the four walks have in common?
这四个徒步路线有什么共同之处?
A. They involve difficult climbing.
它们包括困难的攀登。
B. They are for experienced walkers.
它们是为有经验的步行者准备的。
C. They share the same start point.
他们有相同的起点。
D. They are scheduled for the weekend.
他们被安排在周末。
【答案】D
B
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
你有没有去过火车站，发现自己忘了带书看? 是的，我们都有手机，但我们中的许多人仍然喜欢回归老派，阅读印刷的东西。
Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
嗯，有一个报刊亭还在。至少在旧金山湾区是这样。
“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
“你进入检票口，你会看到一个亮着灯的报亭，它告诉你可选一个一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事，”旧金山湾区快速运输系统(BART)的首席通讯官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特(Alicia Trost)说，“你选择你想要的长度，它就会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
就这么简单。自去年3月该项目启动以来，乘客们已经印了近2万篇短篇小说和诗歌。有些是经典短篇小说，有些是新的原创作品。
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
特罗斯特还想要向当地的乘客介绍当地的作家。特罗斯特说:“我们想做点什么，给湾区的艺术家们打电话，让他们为比赛提交故事。” “到目前为止，我们已经收到了大约120份意见书。获奖的故事会进入我们的报刊亭，然后你就会成为一名出版的艺术家。”
词汇：
submission n.投稿
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit?
在过去的半个世纪里，全国交通系统的客流量一直在下降，那么短篇小说能拯救交通吗?
Trost thinks so.
特罗斯特是这么认为的。
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
“归根结底，所有运输机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客的体验。所以我绝对认为，仅仅因为短篇小说，我们就会有更多的乘客。”
And you’ll never be without something to read.
你永远都有书可读。
4. Why did BART start the kiosk program?
BART为什么要启动报刊亭项目?
A. To promote the local culture.
宣传当地文化。
B. To discourage phone use.
不鼓励使用手机。
C. To meet passengers’ needs.
满足乘客的需求。
D. To reduce its running costs.
减少其运行成本。
【答案】C
5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?
报刊亭里的故事是如何分类的?
A. By popularity.
按照受欢迎程度。
B. By length.
按照长度。
C. By theme.
按照主题。
D. By language.
按照语言。
【答案】B
6. What has Trost been doing recently?
特罗斯特最近在做什么?
A. Organizing a story contest.
组织故事竞赛。
B. Doing a survey of customers.
做顾客调查。
C. Choosing a print publisher.
选择印刷出版商。
D. Conducting interviews with artists.
对艺术家进行采访。
【答案】A
7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future?
特罗斯特对BART的未来有什么看法?
A. It will close down.
它将关闭。
B. Its profits will decline.
它的利润将下降。
C. It will expand nationwide.
扩大到全国。
D. Its ridership will increase.
客流量将会增加。
【答案】D
C
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
我们都知道新鲜的食物是最好的。然而，商店里的大多数农产品都要经过数周的运输，经过数百英里才能送到餐桌上。尽管农贸市场是缩短运输过程的一个可靠选择，但是巴比伦微型农场(BMF)把这过程缩得更短。
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
BMF是一种室内花园系统。它可以为一个家庭设置。此外，它还可以为医院、餐馆或学校等更多的受众提供服务。这种创新的设计几乎不需要付出什么努力，就能获得每周可靠的新鲜蔬菜供应。
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
具体来说，这是一个依赖新技术的农场。通过云连接，实现BMF的远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供生长数据。由于该系统是自动化的，它大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排的土壤浇水，而是为每棵植物提供适量的水。收获后，用户只需用一个新的预先播种的容器去替换，就可以开始下一个生长周期。
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
此外，在食用蔬菜的同一栋大楼里安装一个系统意味着将植物从土壤运输到沙拉的过程中零排放。此外，不需要杀虫剂和其他化学品污染传统农场和周围环境。
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.
BMF员工在日常生活中实现可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车去上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来促进回收和减少废物。”我们热衷于减少我们环境中的废物、碳和化学物质，”BMF的一名员工说。
词汇：
sustainability n. 可持续性
8. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?
从第一段可以了解到BMF的什么?
A. It guarantees the variety of food.
它保证了食物的多样性。
B. It requires day-to-day care.
它需要日常护理。
C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance.
它缩短了农场到餐桌的距离。
D. It relies on farmer’s markets.
依靠农贸市场。
【答案】C
9. What information does the convenient app offer?
这个方便的应用程序提供了什么信息?
A. Real-time weather changes.
实时天气变化。
B. Current condition of the plants.
植物的现状。
C. Chemical pollutants in the soil.
土壤中的化学污染物。
D. Availability of pre-seeded pods.
预种容器的可用性。
【答案】B
10. What can be concluded about BMF employees?
关于BMF员工可以得出什么结论?
A. They have a great passion for sports.
他们对体育运动有极大的热情。
B. They are devoted to community service.
他们致力于社区服务。
C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
他们喜欢分享日常经历。
D. They have a strong environmental awareness.
他们有很强的环保意识。
【答案】D
11. What does the text mainly talk about?
这篇文章主要讲的是什么?
A. BMF’s major strengths.
BMF的主要优势。
B. BMF’s general management.
BMF的一般管理。
C. BMF’s global influence.
BMF的全球影响力。
D. BMF’s technical standards.
BMF的技术标准。
【答案】A
D
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
考虑到人工智能在改变我们生活方面的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这就是《人工智能设计: 与人工智能生活的计划》这本书的出发点。卡特里奥纳·坎贝尔(Catriona Campbell)的这本引人入胜的新书是应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战的实用路线图。
词汇：
given prep. 考虑到；倘若，如果
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
如果处理不好，这样的书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但幸运的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人头晕的东西转化为可以理解的东西。她从一个商人而不是一个学者的实际角度来写这本书，这本书的内容非常易懂，信息量也很大，而且在结尾的时候，会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
词汇：
in the wrong hands
落入坏人之手；由不对的人掌握
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
通过读《人工智能设计》我们很快会明白，人工智能已经超级智能，并将变得更有能力，从当前一代的“窄人工智能”转向人工通用智能。坎贝尔说，从那时起，人工智能将占据主导地位。这就是为什么坎贝尔现在就开始提高人们对人工智能及其未来的认识 —— 要提早几十年着手。她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有可能被边缘化，甚至更糟。
Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
坎贝尔的目的是唤醒那些负责人工智能的人，科技公司和世界各国领导人，以便他们与目前开发人工智能的所有专家达成共识。她解释说，我们正处于历史的“转折点”，现在必须采取行动，预防毁灭人类事件。我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展，这是我们需要考虑的。这种结构化思维，再加上全球监管，将使我们取得伟大成就，而不是衰落。
AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本。
12. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
第二段中的短语“In the wrong hands”可能是什么意思?
A. If read by someone poorly educated.
如果读者是教育程度较低的人。
B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.
如果有人恶意评论。
C. If written by someone less competent.
如果是由能力较差的人写的。
D. If translated by someone unacademic.
由非学术人士翻译。
【答案】C
13. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?
根据文本《人工智能设计》的一个特征是什么?
A. It is packed with complex codes.
它充满了复杂的代码。
B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
它采用了一种接地气的写作风格。
C. It provides step-by-step instructions.
它提供了一步一步的说明。
D. It is intended for AI professionals.
它是为人工智能专业人士设计的。
【答案】B
14. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?
坎贝尔敦促人们在人工智能发展方面做些什么?
A. Observe existing regulations on it.
遵守现有的相关规定。
B. Reconsider expert opinions about it.
重新考虑专家的意见。
C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control.
共同努力控制它。
D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down.
从以前的经验中学习，放慢速度。
【答案】C
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
作者写这篇文章的目的是什么?
A. To recommend a book on AI.
推荐一本关于人工智能的书。
B. To give a brief account of AI history.
简要介绍人工智能的历史。
C. To clarify the definition of AI.
阐明人工智能的定义。
D. To honor an outstanding AI expert.
向一位杰出的人工智能专家致敬。
【答案】A
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