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一开始，我们和大家从宏观上聊了聊7选5的考查优势、难点所在、文章结构、篇章字数和文本体裁5个方面的基本知识。还没读过的朋友一定请先回顾：这些是高中生需要了解的7选5基本知识
据知诸英语老师的经验，高考（高中）英语阅读理解7选5常见解题线索大致有5种：
代词代指线索 (pronoun reference)
词汇和语义复现线索(vocabulary and semantic repetition)
逻辑关系线索 (logical relationship)
句式线索 (sentence pattern)
段落结构线索 (paragraph structure)
我们计划分5期分享和大家慢慢展现和分析每一种线索。
截至目前，我们已经和大家展示了4种线索：
今天，我们继续为大家展示和分析第5种线索：段落结构线索。
在开始看题前，请允许我们稍微解释一下什么是所谓的“段落结构”。
大家应该知道7选5的篇章结构通常是“总分”（general-specific）或者“总分总”（general-specific-general）。因此，不难理解，具备内容总述性质的句子应该归入总段。与此同时，具有内容分述特征的句子应该归入各个相应的分段。
好了！现在来看一个新高考真题！
2023年新高考全国卷1 7选5
主题语境：人与自我
文章体裁：说明文（expository）
文本主题：如何实现自我宽恕并提高自信
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____1____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____2____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____3____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____4____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____5____ We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
答案和解析
1. 答案是D。
选出答案的主要依据是段落结构线索。很明显，第一段属于具备总述性质的“总段”。选入该段落的句子必须具有总述“自我原谅”的必要性的特征（不能是分述具体如何实现“自我原谅”）。选项D（It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness）具备此项特征。
2. 答案是B。
选出答案的主要依据是语义复现线索。选项B中的all the characteristics you like about yourself 和第2段的段落关键词personal strength 就是明显的语义复现。
3. 答案是F。
选出答案的主要依据是代词代指线索。F选项中的 代词it 代指的正是第3段段落关键词 act of kindness。
4. 答案是C。
选出答案的主要依据是代词代指线索。C选项中的代词they代指的正是前一句提到的a friend or family member（注意：they是英语中常用的单数性别中立代词，尤其在不确定性别的情况下。）
5. 答案是G。
选出答案的主要依据是语义复现线索。G选项中的it isn’t a fixed aspect和后一句We’re all changing and learning all the time就是明显的语义复现。
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