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© Vladimir de Mollerat du Jeu
这座位于里昂汇流区的新小学，设在一个旧批发市场的建筑内。项目包括一个可容纳45名儿童的托儿所和一个有15个班级的小学，并兼顾了对学校未来将面临的一些挑战的考量。历史建筑经过翻新和扩建，并使用了砖石保留其魅力与耐用度。在高密度的城市环境中，建筑保持了低矮的轮廓和网格状布局，弯曲的屋顶成为其典型特点。未来，孩童们将为这些教室和操场带来活力。
尽管市场的原有结构重复且有序，但这种布局为儿童提供了清晰的空间感。建筑的基础布局并未做大幅改动，南侧五个区域被改为托儿所，设有独立入口和游乐场。旁边的幼儿班级位于地面层，直接通往由旧装卸平台改造而成的遮阳游乐区。小学的九个班级和一个特殊儿童班坐落在一楼，上方设有屋顶游乐场。新的扩建部分与历史建筑竖向交汇，涵盖了食堂、体育馆、护理室和管理员宿舍。为了服务当地社区，食堂和体育馆在课外时间对外开放。建筑设有两个独立入口，前面是由Bigbang设计团队设计的步行广场，一直延伸至Delandine街。
© Vladimir de Mollerat du Jeu
在Smith街一侧的立面上，扩建结构的设计借鉴了历史建筑的构成与结构，采用了与批发市场相同的模式和施工方法，其中包括细长的混凝土柱梁结构、砖填充和轻质木屋顶。小广场为扩建部分提供了入口，通往体育馆等社区活动空间。建筑旁边设有四米宽的巷道，便于流通。体育馆位于一楼，享有周围城市景观，而街道视野则经过遮挡保护了使用者的隐私。食堂厨房将托儿所和小学的餐厅分开，并通过巷道提供独立的物流通道。所有空间均引入了自然采光，注重模块化设计和良好的声学舒适度，地面游乐场的视野也显得生动有趣。
设计核心是超越传统教室的概念，打造适应不同学生群体的多元化氛围和规模的空间。宽敞明亮的走廊适合小团体活动，如阅读和安静游戏；大厅、屋顶游乐场和地下庭院的阶梯座位为其他活动提供了空间。下层色彩鲜艳的教室营造出独特氛围。户外空间提供了放松、阅读和观察的区域，包括阶梯座位、屋顶温室和景观边界。这些空间灵活多变，不设特定用途，提倡开展多种实践。
© Vladimir de Mollerat du Jeu
旧市场从体量、立面、屋顶到平台都具有高度的辨别度和地区参考性。新的建筑紧密回应了既有建筑，通过使用回收的砖块，创造出柔和的透明与不透明的对比，同时保证了孩子们的活动自街道处可见。混凝土、木材和砖块的和谐融合，展现了建筑师对可持续材料的重视。这些砖块在颜色上的微妙瑕疵避免了其被废弃，同时与对面橘园建筑形成了优美的呼应。
建筑师将关怀视为核心理念，将其贯穿方方面面，从既有建筑及其历史，年幼的儿童们共同学习、生活及成长的过程，到共同的资源、自然、舒适度、功能和空间；关怀我们的城市环境，尤其是环境问题，以及关怀每一个人，构建可持续发展的未来。
© Vladimir de Mollerat du Jeu
The Eugénie Brazier nursery, pre-school and primary school in Lyon. Rehabilitation and extension of a former wholesale market.
Located at the heart of the Confluence district in Lyon, a new primary school has taken up residence in the buildings of a former wholesale market. The project incorporating a 45-place nursery and a 15-class primary school raises questions around some of the challenges facing our schools of the future. The historic building, renovated and extended with a new-build section, retains its allure and strength enhanced with the use of brick in both solid and lattice-work walls. In a dense urban setting, the building retains is low stature, full length, and grid-like layout, patterned and completed with its characteristic curved roofs. In the years to come the young children populating the classrooms and playgrounds will bring the project to life.
If you shift your perspective, this repetitive structure with its playful platforms, takes on a rather childlike quality. The very rigid grid framework of the market layout gives the programme a very clear, obvious distribution and an internal organisation the children can easily understand. The building has ultimately only been very slightly altered in terms of its layout.
© Vladimir de Mollerat du Jeu
A clear organisation allocated to the former market and the extension
In the former market, the nursery occupies the five southernmost bays with its own independent entrance and corridor and its own separate playground. Adjacent to the nursery, the preschool classes are housed on the ground floor with direct access to the playground via the former loading platforms which have been transformed into a large covered play area. The nine primary school classes and a support class for children with difficulties are found on the first floor with their rooftop playground located one floor above.
The new extension, perpendicular to the historic building, houses the communal spaces in the programme including the canteen, gymnasium, infirmary and the caretaker's housing. With a view to creating a facility that is open to the local community and city, the canteen and gymnasium are open for use by external associations outside of school time.
The two separate entrances, one for the nursery and the other for the school, are accessed via a large pedestrianised forecourt designed by the landscapers Bigbang, which forms an extension to the rue Delandine.
The extension is a natural yet astonishing prolongation of the existing building. The two parts form a whole which looks like it's always been there. The design on the rue Smith facade reveals an architecture based on the composition and structure of the historic building. It is deployed using the three patterns from the market structure, repeats the same pattern, and uses the same construction method: a slender concrete column-and-beam structure, brick infill and a light timber roof.
Here, a small square sets the stage for the new extension side of the project, with the access leading directly to spaces used for community activities in the district, notably the gym. Running alongside the building, a four-metre-wide alleyway, closed off at either end, provides an access for logistics purposes including deliveries to the ground-floor canteen and storage spaces, as well as to the caretaker's housing.
In the extension, calqued on the same pattern as the three northern grids, the gymnasium on the first floor conserves its view over the urban landscape of the surrounding district. Conversely, the views from the street are shielded to protect the privacy of the children and other users of the facility.
On the same level as the playground, the canteen kitchen separates the pre-school canteen dining room from the primary school canteen dining room. A direct access from the alleyway provides an independent logistics route to the north. Natural light illuminates all the spaces, even those used for food preparation. Careful attention has been paid to create spaces that are modular and offer excellent acoustic comfort. The views of the ground floor playground are playful and creative.
Thinking the educational spaces “beyond” the traditional classroom, and creating a variety of moods and of scales adapted to different groups of pupils was a key guiding thread running throughout the project. The corridors first of all, wide and well-lit, which directly link to the primary school classrooms are well suited to small group work such as reading and quiet play. In the hall, the rooftop playground and the tiered seating in the basement courtyard offers opportunities for staging other activities. On the lower level, the fresh colourful rooms create their own unique atmospheres. Outside, the children can make use of areas for relaxation, reading, observation, thanks to the tiered seating, the rooftop greenhouse and the landscaped basement border. These are capable spaces, they have no precise purpose but suggest and encourage a variety of practices.
© Vladimir de Mollerat du Jeu
The volumes, facades, roofs and platforms of the former market are easily identifiable and remain part of the district's shared points of reference. The new facades closely mimic the existing structures. By simply filling these facades with a single, unique material - brick - used alternately in solid form or moucharaby-style lattice-work lends the project a new kind of materiality. In this version it is soft, changing, playing between opacity and transparency, creating vibrations. With great care, it allows the children's activities to be seen, or not, from the street, in particular the rooftop greenhouse and playground, the canteen and the gymnasium.
The concrete-wood-brick trio plays to its strengths. Each component reveals the other, in harmony. The bricks used were intended for scrap due to their slight colour defects. This allowed the architects to fulfil their intention of using recovered materials which are difficult to find in large quantities, but which would otherwise be destroyed. These bricks, which form a patchwork of brown shades, mirror the Orangerie, a rammed earth building on the other side of rue Jacqueline et Roland de Prury.
The architects' overriding intention was to take care. Take care of the existing architecture and its history, take care of young children as they learn about learning, living together, growing together, taking care of our resources, nature, comfort, the use, the uses, the space. Taking care of our urban environment in general and environmental issues in particular. Taking care of everyone, at every age, by building sustainably for the future.
Architect: Vurpas Architectes
Location: Lyon, France
Project Year: 2023
Category: Primary schools; Secondary schools
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