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花器官的形成对被子植物的繁殖至关重要，鉴定大豆花器官发育基因，能够提高大豆产量和品质。拟南芥中LEAFY基因在花原基和花器官发育方面起着重要作用，近些年LEAFY同源基因在其他作物上已经得到了广泛研究，但是大豆中的LEAFY同源基因尚缺乏相关研究。![]()
该研究首先鉴定到大豆中的两个LEAFY基因，分别命名为LFY1和LFY2。ddPCR方法发现LFY基因在未开放的花和生长点中均有显著表达，并且在鉴定的组织中，LFY2的转录丰度均比LFY1高。原位杂交实验证明LFY1和LFY2在3叶期至5叶期的花分生组织中产生强信号，表明LFY在成花前期表达，并且可能参与调控大豆花器官发育。作者通过基因编辑技术获得了两个纯合的lfy1和lfy2单突变体以及lfy1 lfy2双突变体材料，在培养箱中观察表型发现，lfy1的两个单突变体材料lfy1-1和lfy1-2与对照相比表现出正常的营养生长和结荚，但是lfy2两个单突变体植株的叶腋处产生的成簇叶状结构导致植株不育，大部分不能正常形成花序组织，部分成花也表现出异常的花器官形态，lfy2花器官的数量和形态均异常。同时也观察到lfy1-1 lfy2-1双突变体材料未能产生花器官并且表现出完全不育，叶腋处全部为叶状结构簇（图1）。作者在高纬度地区石家庄和低纬度地区广州均种植lfy1和lfy2单突变体材料来观察田间表型，在两种自然条件下lfy1均表现出正常的植物发育情况，但lfy2正常成熟的豆荚很少（图2）。基于以上结果，作者提出2个大豆LFY基因以一种不均衡的方式调控大豆花器官发育，其中LFY2起主导作用。![]()
图1 大豆lfy突变体的产生和表型
在拟南芥中，LEAFY通过结合AP1的启动子区域来调控AP1的表达，AP1参与调控花器官发育。有研究表明大豆中存在4个AP1同源基因，AP1四重突变体表现出花器官畸形，和lfy2的花器官形态相似。作者进一步探究大豆中LFY和AP1的转录调控关系，RT-qPCR结果表明在lfy2单突变体和lfy1lfy2双突变体背景下，AP1a和AP1b显著下调。烟草瞬时转化实验证明，LFY2可以促进AP1a和AP1b启动子的活性。结果表明大豆LFY可以通过调控AP1a和AP1b的转录来影响花器官发育。![]()
该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、广东省自然科学基金等项目的资助。广州大学生命科学学院讲师王玲爽、博士后刘欢和博士研究生陈磊为本文的共同第一作者。广州大学孔凡江教授为本文通讯作者。
Wang, L., Liu, H., Chen, L. et al. LEAFY1 and 2 are required for floral organ development in soybean. aBIOTECH (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-024-00192-2![]()
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Prof. Sanwen Huang
2023 IF 4.6
Indexed in EI, ESCI, PubMed Central, SCOPUS, CSCD, Google Scholar, CNKI, Dimensions...
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