一、强调句型
句型结构形式：It is／was…that／who…
be的时态：that／who前面be的时态一般是一般现在时，当它后面的句子为过去时时，才用过去时。
判断方法：将(It is／was)．．．(that／who)…括号中的词同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否仍然成立。若成立，则是强调句型；若不成立，则为状语从句、定语从句或主语从句。
They met the manager in the coffee shop the other day.
*It was they that / who met the manager in the coffee shop the other day.
*Was it they that / who met the manager in the coffee shop the other day?
*Who was it that met the manager in the coffee shop the other day?
*I wonder who it was that met the manager in the coffee shop the other day.
*Can it be in the coffee shop where they once had a cup that they met the manager.
* --- Who is making such noise downstairs?
--- It is the children.
二、祈使句
祈使句的主语是you，但一般被省略；当前面有呼语时，一般得补出主语；否定式一般是在前面加Don’t，或是Never。
**在“祈使句，+ and／or／and then+句子”句型中，当祈使句中含有比较级时，可将祈使句中的谓语部分省略，只留下“比较级或比较级与名词，+and／or／and then+句子”。
三、There be句型
There still remain some problems in my teaching method.
There still exists some phenomena among us that more and more people are getting addicted to the on-line games.
There being Sunday, I could spare some time to the movie The River All Red.《满江红》
It isn’t cold enough for there to be a snow tonight. You can park your car outside.
四、倒装句
一、全部倒装
1、表示静止性的地点副词或介词短语+动词（系动词）（静止性系动词）+主语 (名词)；
In front of the park runs / is a river.
Down lay / were some cars.
2、表示动感的地点副词或介词短语 + 主语(代词)+动词。*注意括号里的句子表述
3、表示动感的地点副词或介词短语 +动词 + 纯名词。
Here comes a bus. (Here you are.)
There goes the bell. (There you go.)
Down the mountain ran a tiger. (Down the stairs she came.)
Up the sky flew a kite. (Up he came.)
In rushed a boy aged four. (In he rushed.)
Out ran a boy. (Out she dashed.)
Now came his turn to deliver a speech.
Then came a song.
二、部分倒装
(1) 否定词或半否定词+助动词／情态动词+主语+谓语动词+其它。
Under no circumstances shall we leave our posts.
At no time they flew to New York.
(2) Only + 副词(状语) + 助动词／情态动词+主语+谓语动词+其它。
Only then / at that time did I understand the importance of learning English.
Only when he came home was I told the exciting news.
(3) SO / Neither / Nor + 助动词／情态动词+主语+谓语动词+其它。（承上倒装）
--- They came along well with the reading.
--- So did Tom.
--- They moved to New York and now are living at an old apartment.
--- So it is the same with Mary.
--- Tom hasn’t got fully recovered his illness.
--- Neither / Nor has Dick.
--- They haven’t decided to go abroad for further studies and now are still doing their utmost to study in the present school.
--- So it is (the same) with my brother.
(3)让步状语从句的倒装。
Although they were tired, they were the first to climb up to the mountain top.
Tired as they were, they were the first to climb up to the mountain top.
Child as he is, he knows a lot about America.
Hard as he tried, he still couldn’t manage to make it.
(4)非真实条件句的倒装。
Had it not been for the fact that I couldn’t sing, I would have sung a song for them.
If it had not been for the fact that I couldn’t sing, I would have sung a song for them.
Were it to snow tomorrow, I couldn’t go there.
Should I go there alone, I would be scared to death.
(5)结果状语从句中的such，so提到句首时的倒装。
They worked so hard that they got through the first round.
So hard did they work that they got through the first round.
Tianjin was such a highlight during my tour round China that I decided to come next year.
Such a highlight was Tianjin during my tour round China that I decided to come next year.
五、省略句
(1) 在上下文中，任何句子成分都可能省略（出现了可省略），必须根据具体语境进行理解。
(2) 熟悉并掌握一些特殊的省略形式。
A．在时间、条件、方式、让步、比较五大状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可以省略，同时将从句的谓语动词变为分词形式（主动doing；被动done，be动词省略不用，不定式表将来）。
When he entered the room, he sensed something was wrong.
When entering the room, he sensed something was wrong.
If ice cubes are taken out of the fridge, they will soon turn to water.
If taken out of the fridge, they will soon turn to water.
Though he is better off now, he still keeps a simple way of living.
Though better off now, he still keeps a simple way of living.
Please come here as soon as it is possible.
Please come here as soon as possible.
He stopped at the corner as though / as if he wanted to see which way the taxi went.
He stopped at the corner as though / as to see which way the taxi went.
B．当省略不定式的内容时，须保留小品词to。
--- Are you going to the concert tonight?
--- I’d like to, but I have to have my work done first.
C. 不定式后面的省略情况一定要注意
（1）China is no longer what she used to be. 中国不再是以前的那个样子了。
（2）--- Why didn’t you come to the play by Shakespeare last night?
--- I’d like to have, but I had an unexpected guest.
