save
[熟义]vt.挽救；节省
[生义]vt.免除，避免；保存，保留；收集
1 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled（弄皱）paper.Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. （2022.全国新高考II卷）
然而，通过学会接受不完美，你将省去自己许多烦恼，也不会有一篮子弄皱的废纸。把你的初稿想象成从丛林中开辟出来的一条小径——这是一次探索的一部分，而不是一条完整的高速公路。
2.Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them."Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life," Dr.Marie Savard said.
（2013.全国新课标II卷）
一定要列出她所有的药物以及她服用它们的时间。"将所有这些信息放在一起可能最终会挽救你母亲的生命，" Marie Savard博士说。
3.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets.First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy.（2011.广东A卷）
政府可以充分发挥这些新市场的潜力。首先，他们可以设定高标准的减少碳排放目标和节能回收能源的目标。
sense
[熟义]n.感觉官能(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
[生义] n.意义；感觉，意识；意识，观念 vt.感觉，察觉，意识到
1 The tiny shops made economic sense, according to Robert Kerr,a founder of LoveFone.He said that one of the boxes generated around $13,500 in revenue a month and cost only about $400 to rent.
根据LoveFone的创始人Robert Kerr的说法，这些小商店在经济上是有意义的。他说，其中一个盒子每月产生大约13,500美元的收入，而租金只需大约400美元。 (2020.江苏卷）
2.More than jokes, a sense of humour requires being willing and able to see the funny side of life’s situations as they happen. (2011.陕西卷）
幽默感不仅仅需要笑话，还需要愿意并能够在生活中看到事情发生时的有趣一面。
3.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. （2023.全国新课标I卷）
在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。
4.In one sense, that’s a good thing．But it also has a disadvantage．If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live． （2011.福建卷）
在某种意义上，这是一件好事。但它也有一个缺点。如果你继续投资于你的老朋友，尽管你再也看不到他们，那么你肯定没有用你的时间在你现在居住的地方结交新朋友。
5 There are several reasons for this phenomenon,but chief among them,I believe,was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to,often for the first time in years,and for some,perhaps for the first time ever. （2013.江西卷）
这个现象有几个原因，但我认为最主要的原因是患者感到他或她被真正倾听，对于一些人来说，这可能是多年来甚至是有史以来的第一次。
6.Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to get involved because “children with good academic success do have involved parents”,admitted Robinson.
（2015 .陕西卷）
常识告诉我们，父母的参与是一件好事，因为“学业成功的孩子的父母确实参与进来了”，罗宾逊承认。
7 My arm could not move,and I sensed that my bones were going to break. （2014.北京卷）
我的手臂不能动，我感觉到我的骨头要断了。
spring
[熟义]n.春天
[生义] n.泉水，喷泉；弹簧 vi.跳跃，跳起
1.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. （2021.新高考I卷)
在爬山之后，你一定要试试山脚下的温泉。
2.He turned off the alarm and sprang out of bed.
他关上闹钟，从床上跳了下来。
3 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. (2020.全国乙卷）
现在英格兰有超过40个聊天长凳。更多的新聊天长凳已经在英国及其他地方涌现出来。
stand
[熟义]vt.站立；坐落；忍受
[生义]vt.承受；请客；使直立 n.立场，主张；架，台，摊
1.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. （2018.江苏卷）
随着新的农业法案将在国会进行辩论，消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。
2.If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get one for me?
（2012 辽宁卷）
如果你今天在报摊上买报纸，能帮我也买一份吗？
3.What best proves Twain’s anti-slavery stand according to the author?
（2013.江苏卷）
根据作者的说法，什么最能证明吐温反对奴隶制的立场？
4 Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm.There is, however, a small-sized greyhound, which stands only 33 cm. （2006.全国I卷）
通常，灰狗可以高达90厘米。然而，有一种小型的灰狗，只有33厘米高。
5.One card from a student stood out to him.It read:“Mr.Haze, you are my sunshine.” （2019.天津卷）
一张来自学生的卡片引起了他的注意。上面写着：“哈泽先生，你是我的阳光。”
6.These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can’t think of. （2000.全国卷）
这些我刚刚编造的词，代表的是我们简单无法想象的事物和观念。
state
[熟义]vt.陈述 n.状态
[生义]vt.声明；规定 n.国家；州；政府
1.Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius. （2021.全国甲卷）
让我们明确地说：爱因斯坦是个天才。他的面孔几乎是天才的国际象征。
2.On September 11,1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence,“Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However,on September 12,1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction. （2017.北京卷）
1933年9月11日，著名物理学家欧内斯特·卢瑟福自信地声明：“任何期望通过这些原子的转变来获得能源的人都在说梦话。”然而，就在1933年9月12日，物理学家列奥·西拉德发明了中子诱导的核链反应。
3.For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. （2021.全国乙卷）
对于世界上最大的体育场，我们到目前为止使用的是世界地图列表提供的数据，这些数据根据他们声明的永久容量对他们进行排名，以及官方体育场网站的最新信息。
4.You must arrive at the time stated.
你必须在规定时间到达。
5."We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W.Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.
（2022.全国新高考II卷）
“我们需要一些能改变人们行为的法规，”费利克斯·W·奥尔蒂斯说，他推动了该州2001年禁止驾驶员使用手持设备的法令。
6.So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (2023.全国甲卷）
我们许多人都坚信，舒适是我们唯一可以容忍的状态，当我们经历超出舒适区的事情时，我们对环境感到不耐烦。
strike
[熟义]打，击打，打击；打动 n.罢工
[生义]vt.使......突然想到；（疾病、地震、洪水等）侵袭，袭击；（钟）敲响，报（时）；擦，划（火柴） (2012.全国课标卷）
1.It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.
总统能做什么来结束罢工，这一点并不清楚。
2.According to the designer,the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed,so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besides,it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. （2013.山东卷）
据设计师称，Lampbrella将以相对较低的速度移动，以免对行人造成伤害。此外，它将被接地，以防可能的雷击。
3.His comment struck me as strange.After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. (2021.全国乙卷）
他的评论让我觉得很奇怪。毕竟，联合办公空间通常也使用开放式办公布局。
4.Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.
（2016.全国III卷）
就在九月份之前，米勒被一辆汽车撞到，失去了他的右臂。
5.The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. （2021.全国新高考I卷）
法国人非常重视他们的35小时工作周——如此重视，以至于一些工会最近与一些公司达成了一项协议，限制独立承包商待命的小时数。
6.I am not special, just single-minded．It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal． （2011.天津卷）
我并不特别，只是一心一意。我总是觉得，当你从外面看一个大挑战时，它看起来很巨大，但当你处在其中时，它就显得很正常。
succeed
[熟义]成功
[生义]继承；接替；继......之后
1.We,however,with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area,have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it's making us miserable. （2013.天津卷）
然而，我们有如此多的选择和在每个领域成功的压力，已经把幸福变成了我们必须拥有的又一件事。我们对我们对它的“权利”如此自觉，以至于它让我们痛苦不堪。
2 Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.We experience this tiredness in two ways:as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. (2016.天津卷）
失败可能是一个人经历过的最累人的经验。没有什么比不成功更累人的了。我们以两种方式经历这种疲劳：创业疲劳和表现疲劳。
3 The present ruler, Prince Rainier III, succeeded to the throne on 9 May 1949.
现任元首，兰尼埃三世亲王于 1949 年 5 月 9 日继位。
term
[熟义]n.学期
[生义]n.期间，期限；专业名词，术语；【pl.】合同条款、细则 vt.把......称为，把......叫作
1.Moreover,the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants.As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term. （2017.江苏卷）
此外，美国有成功接纳移民的良好记录。因此，预计其工作年龄人口的规模将会增长，且在长期内可能会看到强劲的经济增长。
2.A final point to bear in mind is that the term “classical music” is used to refer to a great variety of music,from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队).
(2014.安徽卷）
需要记住的最后一点是，“古典音乐”这个词用来指代各种各样的音乐，从爵士乐到大型管弦乐队的作品。
3.Students with I.D.cards can attend the events for free.A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 5564183. (2016.全国III卷）
持学生证的学生可以免费参加活动。每学期的免费活动日程可以通过拨打票务办公室的电话556-4183获取。
4.At the moment an ORBIS team is working on a long-term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care services to Shanxi Province. (2014.江西卷）
目前，ORBIS团队正在制定一个长期计划，以开发一个培训中心并向山西省提供眼科护理服务。
5.Instead，all that matters is next quarter's profit，or satisfying some other near﹣term desires. （2013.北京卷）
相反，唯一重要的是下个季度的利润，或满足其他一些近期的需求。
6.In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
（2022.高考II卷）
在研究设计方面，这两个组在哪个方面不同？
7.Just collect the vouchers(活动券)in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2012 to 07/04/2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below: （2012.四川卷）
只需收集我们从2012年4月1日到2012年7月4日印制的B&B Daily中的代金券，并按照以下条款和条件预订您的旅行住宿：
8.He termed the war a humanitarian nightmare.
他称这场战争是一场人道主义噩梦。
treat
[熟义]vt.对待；看待
[生义]vt.治疗，处理；宴请，招待，款待 n.款待
1.Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. （2013.新课标II卷）
最重要的是，优质的公众演讲训练应该把你当作一个特别的人，有你自己的个人习惯。
2.The physician’s guide to diagnosing and treating learning disabilities in children.1 in 10 Canadians have a learning disability,and doctors must be able to identify,diagnose,treat,and manage children... （2016.浙江卷）
"医生指南：诊断和治疗儿童学习障碍。十分之一的加拿大人有学习障碍，医生必须能够识别、诊断、治疗和管理儿童..."
3.It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. （2018.四川卷）
那是个夏天，我爸爸想带我去度一个前所未有的假期。
4.I got a pleasure,and she had yet another tasty treat. （2015.四川卷）
我得到了快乐，而她又有了另一种美味的享受。
5.Let's go out for lunch— my treat. 咱们到外面去吃午餐，我请客。
voice
[熟义]n.声音，嗓音
[生义]n.发言权 vt.表达，吐露
1.“I can’t imagine how many readers of all ages have benefited from Doris’ contribution as a skilled volunteer through her rich voice and her high degree of accuracy in the hundreds of books she has brailled and proofread over the years—and she is still doing so,”said a CNIB official. （2014.天津卷）
"我无法想象多少不同年龄的读者从多丽丝作为熟练志愿者的贡献中受益，通过她丰富的声音和在多年间她已经盲文化和校对的数百本书中的高度准确性——她还在继续做这些，"一位加拿大全国盲人协会(CNIB)的官员这样说道。
2.Everyone should have a voice in this matter. 每个人对这件事都应该有发言权。
3.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. （2013.新课标II卷）
"CRM要求飞行员/外科医生鼓励其他人发表意见。它进一步要求，当意见来自对立方，医生不要过度反应，这可能会阻止其他医生再次发表意见。"
weather
[熟义]n.天气
[生义]vt.度过（暴风雨、困难等）；经受住
1.It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day. （2021.全国甲卷）
"天气还是有点太冷，他们不能出去，但只要天气一暖和，我毫不怀疑那个小家伙会每天出去探索和玩耍。"
2.She refuses to resign, intending to weather the storm.
她拒绝辞职，想要经受住这次风暴的考验。
weigh
[熟义]vt.称.......重量；linking verb.重达......
[生义]v.考虑，斟酌，衡量；有分量；压下
1.Sadly,biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid—we simply weigh too much,and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet,resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink.
遗憾的是，生物学的事实阻止我们在没有人工帮助的情况下完成这样的事情——我们的体重太重，所有的质量都通过我们相对较小的脚压下，产生大量的压力，使我们下沉。
2.At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. (2017.天津卷）
在我最重的时候，我体重达到了370磅。
3.People are conveyed like robots along walkways; baggage is weighed, tickets produced, examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area. （2012.江西卷）
人们像机器人一样沿着走道被传送；行李被称重，机票被制作，检查，然后再次制作，然后乘客移动到另一个等待区域。
4.Human life weighed more with him than purity of policy...
人类生命对他而言比政策的纯洁性更重要。
5.However,this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. （2012.福建卷）
然而，这必须与我们对所有城市儿童的最大关怀义务的利益进行权衡。
6.You must weigh (up) the pros and cons. 你必须权衡利弊。
7.The responsibilities of the job are weighing her down.
这项工作的责任压得她喘不过气来。
work
[熟义]n[U].&vi.工作
[生义] n【C].作品 v.起作用，奏效; 努力干;用功；种，耕地
1.Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown？ （2013.新课标I卷）
列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品在哪里展出？
2.Try not to work yourself too hard.Take it easy. (2012.全国大纲卷）
尽量不要让自己工作太辛苦。放轻松点。
3.Farmers worked the fertile valleys.
农民们在肥沃的山谷里耕种。
4.Unexpectedly,the computer was not working,so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. （2013.湖北卷）
出乎意料的是，电脑出了故障，所以我不得不等待IT部门的人来修理它。
5.Through unbelievable determination Andrew Wiles finally worked out the problem in 1995. （2013.全国卷）
通过难以置信的决心，Andrew Wiles终于在1995年解决了这个问题。
6.As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.
当你努力以清晰、准确的语言表达你的想法时，你的清晰、准确思考的能力也会得到提高。
