神舟十九号上，“四川智造”上大分！
文摘
2024-10-30 18:32
四川
At precisely 4:27 a.m. Beijing time on Oct. 30, China's Shenzhou 19 spacecraft soared into the night sky aboard a Long March 2F rocket. Many products involved in this mission showcase the brilliance of Sichuan's technological prowess, including the measurement and control communication system, the launch vehicle system, the launch site system, pyrotechnics, manual control consoles, and relay control assemblies...发射、升空，茫茫太空遨游，航天器如何与地面联系？背后的关键技术——航天测控通信。它是航天器升空后与地面联系的唯一纽带，就像放风筝的风筝线，也是航天器的“生命线”。![]()
而支持本次发射任务的陆海天基测控通信系统，就是由位于成都的中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所（简称“中国电科十所”）牵头研制的。During launch and ascent into the vastness of space, how does a spacecraft communicate with the ground? The key technology is aerospace measurement and control communication. It serves as the sole link between the spacecraft and the ground after launch, much like the string of a kite; it's the spacecraft's "lifeline." The land-sea-air-based measurement and control communication system supporting this launch was developed by the 10th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (CETC) located in Chengdu.在长征二号F遥十九运载火箭发射、升空阶段，如何保证运载火箭飞行正常？答案来自外测安全分系统脉冲相参应答机，它是运载火箭的“眼睛”。How to ensure the rocket’s normal flight during launch and ascent? The answer lies in the external safety sub-system pulse phase response transponder, which acts as the "eyes" of the carrier rocket.![]()
“眼睛”功能如何实现？关键在于“看得清楚”。中国电科十所研制的脉冲相参应答机具有稳定性好、可靠性高、功耗低、体积小、重量轻等优点，与地面系统协同完成火箭飞行的测速、定位，对运载火箭全程实时航迹测量，并判断飞行是否正常，直到箭船分离，提供精准的外测数据，承担着运载火箭“眼睛”的功能。可以说，它是飞船能否正常发出的重要一环。How does this "eye" function? The pulse phase response transponder developed by CETC's 10th Research Institute has advantages like good stability, high reliability, low power consumption, compact size, and light weight. It collaborates with ground systems to complete real-time speed measurement and positioning of the rocket throughout its flight, assessing whether the flight is normal until the separation of the rocket and spacecraft, providing precise external measurement data.主要系统之外，“四川造”也体现在火工品、精密产品等主要配套产品上。Beyond the main systems, "made in Sichuan" is also reflected in auxiliary products including pyrotechnics and precision products.![]()
本次发射任务中，四川航天川南火工技术有限公司承担了点火器、起爆器、爆炸螺栓、火药装药、点火药盒、固体小火箭和非电传爆类产品等30余种火工品的研制生产工作，企业配套火工品占全箭火工品的97%、占飞船的80%。In this mission, Sichuan Aerospace Chuannan Pyrotechnics Technology Co., Ltd. was responsible for developing and producing over 30 types of pyrotechnic products, including igniters, detonators, explosive bolts, propellant charges, ignition cartridges, small solid rockets, and non-electric detonation products. The company’s pyrotechnic products account for 97% of the rocket's pyrotechnics and 80% of the spacecraft's.该企业技术部门相关负责人介绍，航天火工品作为发射任务的动力启动装置，必须具备极高的安全性和可靠性。但由于火工品产品特殊，装配和调试过程工序繁琐且具有极高危险性，制作过程中任何一个细节出错，都可能影响发射任务的成败。“我们严苛质检，确保产品安全可靠、万无一失。”A relevant department head from the company explained that aerospace pyrotechnics serve as the power initiation devices for launch missions, requiring extremely high safety and reliability. Due to the special nature of pyrotechnic products, the assembly and debugging processes are complex and carry significant risks. Any mistake in the details during production could affect the success of the launch mission. "We implement rigorous quality inspections to ensure product safety and reliability, leaving nothing to chance."本次发射任务中还离不开地面电缆网、手动控制台、继电器控制组合等产品。这些产品同样来自一家川企——四川航天燎原科技有限公司。This launch mission also relied on products such as ground cable networks, manual control consoles, and relay control combinations, all sourced from another Sichuan company—Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Technology Co., Ltd.另外，由长虹控股集团旗下四川华丰科技股份有限公司研制的特种产品在神舟十九号飞船与空间站交会对接、宇航员生理数据监测等环节发挥着重要作用。旗下红星电子研制的空间通信行波管的关键部件，也应用在神舟十九号上。Additionally, special products developed by Sichuan Huafeng Technology Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Changhong Group, play crucial roles in the docking of the Shenzhou 19 spacecraft with the space station and the monitoring of astronaut physiological data. Key components of the space communication traveling wave tube developed by its subsidiary, Hongxing Electronics, are also used in the Shenzhou 19.
