急诊床旁超声实操手册

教育   2024-11-12 13:41   福建  

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目录:

公众号文章······················4

探头选择·······················8

探头标准动作·····················9

超声基础切面·····················10

超声模式选择················11

超声机操作面板···················13

超声机屏幕图示····················12

超声机开始检查····················13

基础功能-调节亮度、声音、注释功能·····14

基础测量功能··················15

B超图像优化·················20

M超图像优化·················25

彩超图像优化·················27

能量多谱勒图像优化·············25

经胸心脏基础切面··············31

胸骨旁切面·······················36                   

胸骨旁长轴切面获取············38

           胸骨旁长轴切面解剖图示···········39

           胸骨旁长轴RV INFLOW··············40

           胸骨旁长轴RV INFLOW切面解剖图示···40

           胸骨旁长轴RV OUTFLOW切面解剖图示····41

     胸骨旁短轴切面···················42

          胸骨旁短轴-心尖切面···············43

          胸骨旁短轴-乳头肌切面··········44

          胸骨旁短轴-乳头肌切面解剖图示·····45

          胸骨旁短轴-二尖瓣切面·········46

          胸骨旁短轴-二尖瓣切面解剖图示·····47

          胸骨旁短轴-主动脉瓣、右室流出道切面···48

          胸骨旁短轴-主动脉瓣切面解剖图示····49

   心尖四腔切面····················50

          心尖四腔心切面解剖图示··············51

          心尖五腔切面···················52

          心尖五腔心切面解剖图示··············53

          心尖两腔切面···················54

          心尖两腔心切面解剖图示··············55

          心尖三腔切面···················56

          心尖三腔心切面解剖图示··············57

   剑突下四腔切面···················58

 剑突下四腔心切面解剖图示····· ········59        

  剑突下下腔静脉切面················60

  剑突下短轴切面·················  62

  胸骨上窝主动脉弓长轴切面············  63

左心功能评估-定性视觉评估············64

左心功能评估-定量评估··············65

        缩短分数··················   66

        左室短轴切面面积变化率(FAC)······67

        改良Simpson双平面法··········  68

        左心排出量测量(VTI\CO\SV\CSA)···· ·69

        二尖瓣环水平收缩期位移(MAPSE)·······73

        组织多普勒成像TDi··············  74

        LV 压力的最大上升率 dP/dt (max)·······76

       心肌做功指数或称Tei指数········· 78

左室舒张功能评估-生理学·········   80

        左室舒张功能评估-心动周期···········81

        左室舒张功能评估-分级·············82

        左室舒张功能评估-流程·············83

        左室舒张功能-二尖瓣口前向血流频谱·······84

       左室舒张功能-二尖瓣瓣环组织多普勒速度测定·87

       左室舒张功能-肺静脉血流频谱········· ·89

动态流出道梗阻(DLVOTO)··············95

右心室收缩功能评估-定性视觉评估·········91

       右心基础切面··················96

       右心测量················97

       三尖瓣环水平收缩期位移(TAPSE)······99

       RVFAC·····················100

       右室功能之组织多普勒成像(TDi)········101

       右室功能之dP/dT················102

       心肌功能指标(MPI)··············103

肺动脉收缩压测量三尖瓣反流速度法·········· ···104                  

瓣膜功能-以二尖瓣返流为例·············105

下腔静脉评估···················  106

静脉负荷超声分级系统(VExUS)·············110

心包评估-心包积液·················117

心脏室壁运动评估················· 120

⼼肌梗死⼼电图与责任⾎管定位···········  123

急性肺动脉栓塞心脏超声表现···········133

急性肺动脉栓塞60/60征···········134

急性肺动脉栓塞McConnell’征···········136

床旁超声在气管插管中的应用(困难气道评估)······  125

气道超声评估困难气道················128

气道超声评估困难喉镜················144

胸部超声····················132

BLUE方案····················134

膈肌运动-膈肌厚度及增厚分数···········146

膈肌运动-膈肌移动度···············147

膈肌运动-膈肌组织收缩峰速度···········148

评估胸腔积液量··············· · ·149

胃超声-内容物定性、定量评估、误吸风险预测···· · ·150

胃超声-评估胃管位置··············· · ·150

胃超声-评估胃窦功能··············· · ·150

胃超声-引导下鼻空肠管置入············ · ·150

肾脏超声··················  ··151

肾脏超声-肾积水·················154

肾脏超声-肾结石·················156

PDU半定量法评估肾脏灌注···········  ·157

肾脏血管阻力指数(resistance index,RI)····· ·158

膀胱···················· ··160

膀胱容量及残余尿测定··············162

膀胱结石,判断导尿管位置············· ··163

胆囊······················164

CBD直径····················167

胆囊结石····················169

胆囊炎·····················170

外周动静脉波形判定··············· · ·150

Deep Venous Thrombosis (深静脉系统)········172

主动脉·····················179

主动脉夹层···················184

主动脉瘤····················186

经彩色颅多普勒··············· · ·150

视神经鞘测量··················187

阑尾-阑尾炎····················190

胰腺超声······················191

妇科超声······················191

应用急性呼吸困难的BLUE方案·············194

早期诊断急性低氧性呼吸衰竭的CCUS···········  ··199

国内改良呼吸困难超声诊断流程··············  ·201

床旁危重呼吸困难的紧急肺超声评估( ABCDE-LUS)··202

急性创伤e-FAST方案 ··················· ·204

心肺复苏FELL 方案··················  ···184

国内心脏骤停超声诊断流程·········  ········ 216

不明原因休克THIRD·····················226

不明原因休克RUSH················ ·····231

不明原因休克FALLS-Protocol················  ·233

国内简化休克诊断处理流程··················234

血流动力学评估六步法··················235

床旁超声在急性胸痛中的应用·················238

床边超声在感染灶筛查中的应用················241

超声引导穿刺························243

     深静脉穿刺术·······················244

    深静脉穿刺术-颈内静脉·················  ·249

    深静脉穿刺术-锁骨下静脉·············  ····256

    深静脉穿刺术-股静脉················  ···261

    心包穿刺术························229

    腰椎穿刺术························272

    胸腔穿刺术························277

    气管切开术························277

神经阻滞························282

    




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