Cite this article：
Le Dé, L., Ronoh, S., Kyu, E.M.T. et al. How Can Practitioners Support Citizen Volunteers in Disaster Risk Reduction? Insight from “Good and Ready” in Aotearoa New Zealand. Int J Disaster Risk Sci (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-024-00563-9
实践者如何支持减轻灾害风险行动中的公众志愿者？来自新西兰“Good and Ready”计划的启示
Loïc Le Dé, Steve Ronoh, Ei Mon Thinn Kyu & Brigitte Rive
摘要：
全球和国家政策框架强调了公众参与的重要性以及志愿者在减轻灾害风险中的作用。虽然现有的研究广泛关注志愿者在救灾和灾后恢复中的作用，但研究较少关注参与灾害风险管理的组织如何支持志愿者领导和协调社区减灾工作。2019年，新西兰红十字会在奥克兰试行了“Good and Ready”倡议，旨在增强当地人的灾害恢复力，重点关注志愿者和社区参与。本研究探讨了“Good and Ready”计划的积极和消极成果，并调查了志愿者在灾害恢复力建设行动中的经验。其中包括采用参与式方法与“Good and Ready”计划志愿者共同设计的问卷调查，分发调查问卷收集志愿者的观点，以及与红十字会志愿者开展参与式活动的焦点小组讨论。研究结果指出，一个关键挑战在于找到一个平衡：既要提供灵活性以应对情境问题，并促进社区的自主性，又要避免过于规范化和标准化，以至于缺乏创造力和自主性。研究强调，支持志愿者进行技术培训是至关重要的，但在地方层面进行协调、沟通或活动促进等软技能培训也是必需的。研究总结道，“Good and Ready”计划的可持续性在于理解并满足志愿者的动机和期望，加强与地方应急管理机构的合作将有助于增强该计划。
关键词：
基于社区的方法；减轻灾害风险；新西兰；参与；志愿者
How Can Practitioners Support Citizen Volunteers in Disaster Risk Reduction? Insight from “Good and Ready” in Aotearoa New Zealand
Loïc Le Dé, Steve Ronoh, Ei Mon Thinn Kyu & Brigitte Rive
Abstract：
Global and national policy frameworks emphasize the importance of people’s participation and volunteers’ role in disaster risk reduction. While research has extensively focused on volunteers in disaster response and recovery, less attention has been paid on how organizations involved in disaster risk management can support volunteers in leading and coordinating community-based disaster risk reduction. In 2019, the New Zealand Red Cross piloted the Good and Ready initiative in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand, with the objective to empower local people in resilience building with a focus on volunteers and community participation. This research examined the positive and negative outcomes of Good and Ready and investigated volunteers’ experiences in the disaster resilience initiative. It involved the codesign of a questionnaire-based survey using participatory methods with Good and Ready volunteers, the dissemination of the survey to gather volunteers’ viewpoints, and a focus group discussion with participatory activities with Red Cross volunteers. The findings highlight that a key challenge lies in finding a balance between a program that provides flexibility to address contextual issues and fosters communities’ ownership, versus a prescriptive and standardized approach that leaves little room for creativity and self-initiative. It pinpoints that supporting volunteers with technical training is critical but that soft skills training such as coordinating, communicating, or facilitating activities at the local level are needed. It concludes that the sustainability of Good and Ready requires understanding and meeting volunteers’ motivations and expectations and that enhancing partnerships with local emergency management agencies would strengthen the program.
Keywords：
Community-based approach, Disaster risk reduction, New Zealand, Participation, Volunteers
文章链接：
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-024-00563-9