Suicide risk for female doctors 76% higher than general population
女医生的自杀风险比一般人群高出76%
Suicide risk is significantly higher for female doctors compared with the general population, according to an analysis of evidence from 20 countries.
根据对20个国家证据的分析，女性医生的自杀风险明显高于一般人群。
The researchers said that while suicide rates among doctors have declined over time, and risk varied across different countries and regions, the results highlighted a need for continued research and prevention efforts. Their findings were published in the BMJ journal.
研究人员表示，虽然医生的自杀率随着时间的推移有所下降，而且不同国家和地区的风险也有所不同，但研究结果强调了继续研究和预防的必要性。他们的研究结果发表在《英国医学杂志》上。
According to previous estimates, one doctor dies by suicide every day in the US, and about one every 10 days in the UK, but evidence on suicide rates for physicians is inconsistent across countries.
据此前估计，美国每天有一名医生自杀身亡，英国大约每10天就有一名医生自杀身亡，但各国医生自杀率的证据并不一致。
To address this, researchers led by the University of Vienna in Austria analysed the results of observational studies published between 1960 and 2024 that compared suicides rates among doctors with the general population.
为了解决这个问题，奥地利维也纳大学领导的研究人员分析了1960年至2024年间发表的观察研究的结果，这些研究比较了医生与一般人群的自杀率。
A total of 39 studies from 20 countries were included. The researchers found no overall increase in suicide risk for male doctors compared with the general population. For female doctors, however, suicide risk was significantly higher (76%) than the general population, the BMJ reported.
共有来自20个国家的39项研究被纳入其中。研究人员发现，与一般人群相比，男性医生的自杀风险总体上没有增加。然而，据《英国医学杂志》报道，女性医生的自杀风险却显著高于一般人群（高出76%）。
While there was no overall increase found among male physicians when compared with the general public, a separate analysis of the data revealed male doctors did have a higher risk of suicide compared with other professional groups with "similar socioeconomic status".
虽然与普通公众相比，男性医生的这一比例总体上没有增加，但对数据的单独分析显示，与其他具有“类似社会经济地位”的专业群体相比，男性医生的自杀风险确实更高。
Analysis of the 10 most recent studies compared with older studies showed a decline in suicide rates over time for both male and female doctors.
对最近10项研究与旧研究进行比较的分析显示，男性和女性医生的自杀率随着时间的推移而下降。
"Overall, this study highlights the ongoing need for suicide prevention measures among physicians," the research team wrote in the BMJ. "We found evidence for increased suicide rates in female physicians compared with the general population, and for male physicians compared with other professionals."
研究团队在《英国医学杂志》上写道：“总体而言，强调了继续采取医生自杀预防措施的必要性。我们发现，与一般人群相比，女性医生的自杀率有所增加，与其他专业人员相比，男性医生的自杀率也有所增加。”
In a linked editorial, experts from Doctors in Distress, a charity offering support to healthcare workers, wrote: "Persistently high rates of suicide among female doctors need particularly urgent attention from researchers, health leaders and policy makers, including studies to explore likely contributors such as discrimination and sexual harassment, to characterise those at highest risk and to develop and evaluate gender specific interventions to protect female doctors' mental health."
在一篇相关社论中，为医护人员提供支持的慈善机构“医生困境”的专家写道：“女性医生自杀率持续居高不下，需要研究人员、卫生领导人和政策制定者的特别紧急关注，包括研究可能的促成因素，如歧视和性骚扰，确定风险最高的人群，并开发和评估针对女性医生的性别特异性干预措施，以保护其心理健康。”
Katie Hardcastle, a senior research manager at Samaritans, said: "We're concerned this new global evidence suggests an increased suicide risk in female doctors, as it builds on what we know from national data about risk among female health professionals, particularly nurses."
撒马利亚人慈善机构的高级研究经理凯蒂·哈德卡斯尔表示：“我们担心这项新的全球证据表明女性医生的自杀风险增加，因为它建立在我们对女性医疗专业人员（尤其是护士）风险的国家数据了解的基础上。”
It's vital that all health workers who might be struggling are encouraged and supported to seek help when needed. In the UK, the NHS said staff wellbeing was a crucial part of its workforce plan.
重要的是，必须鼓励和支持所有可能有心理问题的卫生工作者在需要时寻求帮助。在英国，英国国家医疗服务体系表示，员工福祉是其劳动力计划的重要组成部分。
A spokesperson added: "There is a range of mental health support available for staff, including access to 24/7 confidential support services, coaching and flexible working options, but we know there is much more to do to ensure everyone working in the NHS feels comfortable asking for help and receives the right support when they do."
一位发言人补充道：“为医护人员提供了一系列心理健康支持，包括24/7全天候保密支持服务、心理辅导和灵活的工作选择，但我们知道还有更多工作要做，以确保所有在NHS工作的人都能放心地寻求帮助，并在需要帮助时获得正确的支持。”
苏格拉底有一句名言：我知我无知。说的是，当你认识到的东西越多就越发现自己无知。苏格拉底认为，人对于客观世界的认识是有限的，且不可能完全认识客观世界，并且不应对客观世界刨根究底。神对于世界的规划自有安排，若人一意孤行地探索世界和自然的奥秘，则最终将亵渎甚至触怒神明。正因为人对神所构建的世界不可能实现完全认知，因此那些宣称自己能够认识和改造世界的人，本身便是无知的代言。尽管苏格拉底的关于“ 我知我无知”的观念的解读，在现在看来有失客观科学。但至少苏格拉底告诫人们，人的认知是有限的，现有的知识甚至可能存在错误和疏漏。因此，无论任何时代，我们都必须对自己的无知加以认识并通过不懈的开拓，去更新甚至颠覆固有的知识结构。我们在求学之路上也要报以我知我不知的心态，才能走得更远、终有所成。最后，祝愿每一位考研学子都能顺利上岸！
