——做专业的科技财经媒体！
截至2024年7月底，越南全境已建立工业区431个，总面积约13.23万公顷，形成工业用地约8.99万公顷。
撰文：李星
越南出口加工区（EPZs）和工业园区（IPs）模式诞生于1991年，旨在实施开放和发展多成分商品经济的政策，吸引所有经济部门的资源，促进国家的社会经济发展。
根据越南计划投资部经济区管理司的报告，截至2024年7月底，越南全境已建立工业区431个，总面积约13.23万公顷，形成工业用地约8.99万公顷。
其中，301个工业区已投入运营，吸引了大量的投资资本，为国家乃至特别是地方的社会经济发展，补充了重要的投资资源。工业区和经济区在越南国家预算总收入中发挥着重要作用，创造了就业机会，为提高竞争力做出了贡献，加快了工业化进程等推进经济现代化和结构调整，促进越南融入世界经济。
近年来，越南工业区和经济区（EZ）的外国直接投资约占该国注册外国直接投资总额的35-40%。其中在加工制造业领域，工业区和经济区的外国直接投资就占全国注册资本总额的70-80%。
工业园区和经济区已成为吸引国内外投资资本和大型项目的关键地区，是许多世界领先企业的目的地，如三星、LG、佳能、富士康、乐高、歌尔、晓星、台塑等。
相关数据显示，越南约有 50 万家注册企业，包括中小企业、大型企业和国有企业等各类企业。截至2023年底，越南拥有676家国有企业，包括478家国有独资企业和198家国有控股企业。
根据越南计划投资部经营登记管理局的数据，2024年前7个月，新成立和复工复产的企业数量接近13.95万家，其中新注册企业超过9.52万家，复工复产企业近4.43万家。
从2020年到2024年，在瑞士政府的财政支持下，越南规划和投资部继续与联合国工业发展组织协调，在海防、同奈和胡志明市3个地区复制生态工业园区模式，并取得了非常令人鼓舞的成果。
截至2024年5月底，规划和投资部和联合国工业发展组织已为90家企业提供了889种资源效率和清洁生产（RECP）解决方案，这些工业园区位于HiepPhuoc（胡志明市）、Amata（同奈）和DinhVu（海防）和HoaKhanh（岘港）。其中429个解决方案已落地，为节能、节水、减少二氧化碳排放、为企业带来经济效益做出了贡献。
规划和投资部还建议实施62个工业共生机会，为03个工业区（协福、阿玛塔、定武）实施工业-城市共生，其中18个高度可行的案例，有助于优化废物再利用，具体化循环经济的实施。
近年来，越南在国际合作项目框架内大力实施生态工业园区，对于许多投资越南工业园区基础设施的地方和企业来说，具有传播和提高可持续发展意识的重要意义。越南生态工业园将为应对气候变化的努力做出重大贡献，从私营部门调动资源提供绿色工业解决方案，确保能源安全
同时投资人利用自己的资金，亲自实施了生态产业园区模式。以可持续发展、经济效益为目标、以对社区和社会的责任为目标，生态产业园区正在成为外国直接投资者（FDI）的选型标准。
越南将继续推动产业园正朝着智慧生态产业园方向发展，很好地实施循环经济活动。许多地方和工业园区基础设施投资人认为，按照生态工业园区模式发展工业园区，是创造可持续竞争优势的必然和迫切需求。
How many industrial parks are there in Viet Nam? 431, which will be upgraded in the direction of smart ecological industrial parks in the future
Editor: Lucien
Viet Nam's Export Processing Zones (EPZs) and Industrial Parks (IPs) model was born in 1991 with the aim of implementing policies to open up and develop a multi-component commodity economy, attracting resources from all economic sectors and promoting the country's socio-economic development.
According to the report of the Department of Economic Zone Management of the Ministry of Planning and Investment of Viet Nam, as of the end of July 2024, 431 industrial zones have been established throughout Viet Nam, with a total area of about 132,300 hectares, forming about 89,900 hectares of industrial land.
Among them, 301 industrial zones have been put into operation, attracting a large amount of investment capital and supplementing important investment resources for the social and economic development of the country and especially the local government. Industrial zones and economic zones play an important role in Viet Nam's total national budget revenue, creating jobs, contributing to competitiveness, accelerating industrialization, and promoting economic modernization and structural adjustment, thereby promoting Viet Nam's integration into the world economy.
In recent years, FDI in industrial zones and economic zones (EEZs) has accounted for about 35-40% of the country's total registered FDI. Among them, in the field of processing and manufacturing, foreign direct investment in industrial zones and economic zones accounts for 70-80% of the country's total registered capital.
Industrial parks and economic zones have become key areas to attract domestic and foreign investment capital and large-scale projects, and are destinations for many of the world's leading companies, such as Samsung, LG, Canon, Foxconn, Lego, Goertek, Hyosung, Formosa Plastics, etc.
Relevant data show that Vietnam has about 500,000 registered enterprises, including small and medium-sized enterprises, large enterprises and state-owned enterprises. By the end of 2023, Vietnam has 676 state-owned enterprises, including 478 wholly state-owned enterprises and 198 state-controlled enterprises.
According to data from the Business Registration Administration of the Ministry of Planning and Investment of Vietnam, in the first seven months of 2024, the number of newly established and resumed enterprises was close to 139,500, of which more than 95,200 were newly registered enterprises and nearly 44,300 resumed enterprises.
At present, the industrial park is developing in the direction of a smart ecological industrial park, and the circular economy activities are well implemented. (Photo: VietVu)
From 2020 to 2024, with the financial support of the Switzerland government, the Ministry of Planning and Investment of Viet Nam continued to coordinate with the United Nations Industrial Development Organization to replicate the eco-industrial park model in the three districts of Haiphong, Dong Nai and Ho Chi Minh City, with very encouraging results.
As of the end of May 2024, the Ministry of Planning and Investment and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) have provided 889 Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production (RECP) solutions to 90 enterprises in industrial parks located in HiepPhuoc (Ho Chi Minh City), Amata (Dong Nai) and DinhVu (Haiphong) and HoaKhanh (Da Nang). Among them, 429 solutions have been implemented, contributing to energy saving, water saving, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and bringing economic benefits to enterprises.
The Ministry of Planning and Investment also proposes the implementation of 62 industrial co-generation opportunities for 03 industrial zones (Hiep Phuoc, Armata, Dingbu), with 18 highly viable cases that will help optimize waste reuse and concretize the implementation of circular economy.
In recent years, Viet Nam has vigorously implemented eco-industrial parks within the framework of international cooperation projects, which is of great significance for many localities and enterprises investing in Viet Nam's industrial park infrastructure to spread and raise awareness of sustainable development. Viet Nam's Eco-Industrial Park will make a significant contribution to efforts to combat climate change, mobilizing resources from the private sector to provide green industrial solutions and ensure energy security
At the same time, the investor used his own funds to personally implement the eco-industrial park model. With the goal of sustainable development, economic benefits, and responsibility to the community and society, eco-industrial parks are becoming the selection criteria for foreign direct investors (FDIs).
Viet Nam will continue to promote the development of industrial parks in the direction of smart ecological industrial parks, and implement circular economy activities well. Many local and industrial park infrastructure investors believe that the development of industrial parks according to the eco-industrial park model is an inevitable and urgent need to create sustainable competitive advantages.
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