——做专业的科技财经媒体！
止
撰文：李星
从越南的工商注册数据显示，自去年2023年10月开始，到2024年8月为止，不到10个月的时间，中国企业在越南总共注册了1795家企业，投资目的地涵盖越南36个省市，以北宁省、胡志明市、平阳省最多。
其中新入驻的中资企业中，选择北宁省的达到了505家，选择胡志明市的达到了354家，选择平阳省的有283家。
这1795家中资企业里，投资规模超过30亿越盾（约合人民币85~86万元）以上(含)的企业有1198家。
据越南计划投资部统计，截至2024年7月20日，中国投资者累计在越南投资19个领域，其中资本额最高的10个领域，以技术加工和制造业为首，达227亿美元。电力、燃气、水、空调生产和供应业资本超过22亿美元，房地产业务超过13亿美元。其他领域如批发和零售、汽车维修、住宿和餐饮服务、建筑、运输和仓储、采矿和专业活动、采矿等等，投资资本波动从1.4亿美元到超过5.2亿美元。
中国投资者重点投资西宁等地，项目超过104个，资金超过48亿美元；北江省超过22亿美元；平顺省超过20亿美元；平阳、海防、广宁、前江、北宁、义安、同奈、平福等省投资资本超过10亿美元。值得一提的是，平顺省虽然只有9个中国投资项目，但投资额却超过20亿美元，平均超过2.2亿美元/项目（超过5.5万亿越南盾/项目）。
随着全球经济形势的不断变化，中国企业的海外扩张策略也在不断调整，寻求共存、共生、共益。而越南与众多经济体签订了自贸协议，贸易活动过程中较大的税差，吸引着中资和外资企业加码越南。
其中临近中国市场的越南，在经济活力、年轻劳动力上，成为吸引外资的首选要地。越南统计局数据显示，2023年，越南GDP规模达4300亿美元，全球排第三十五位，实际增速为5.1%，居全球第八位，在东盟地区排名第二位。
从去年开始，一波又一波的企业开始涌入越南进行实地考察与建厂投资，据越通社报道，2023年，新加坡领跑对越投资，但在越南新投资项目数量方面，中国才是最大对越投资来源地。
事实上，从2023年开始，外国投资者在越南的投资活动，主要由韩国、新加坡、中国大陆、香港、台湾的厂商支撑，而原来的欧美企业，由于地缘冲突对航运和资本的影响，则处在撤资过程中。所以很多来自新加坡、香港对越南的投资企业，实际上也是来自中国大陆企业设在当地的子公司，最终资金来源地仍然是中国大陆。
2023年中资企业在越南的投资与过往较大的差别，主要是由服装纺织、家俱、空调、彩电等，转变成为小机电类产品和消费电子类产品，如从去年开始的中资企业电动工具企业、吸尘器企业、扫地机器人企业出海大迁徙中，就有超过九成的中国大陆企业都到越南设立了子公司或工厂开展业务，把产品出口到全球市场。
另外，中国的光伏企业虽然在全球市场上销售放缓，但光伏的供业链企业仍然在继续往越南投资。而东盟电动化政策的推动，中国电动汽车零配件企业和电动两轮车的企业及供应链企业，也纷纷进入越南市场。
不过从2023年开始，真正让越南仍然受到全球投资者关注的一个显著重点，是AI人工智能推动下的硬件制造布局。由于主要消耗AI服务器资源的美国及美国周边国家，目前很难凑齐AI服务器的制造业体系，而且也没有足够的现金补偿政策让这些供应链企业迁到北美市场，因此在欧美订单的驱动下，主要承担AI服务器、数据中心硬件的台湾企业，基本上都把越南作为生产基地。
其中承担制造主力的富士康（鸿腾精密），除了把自己的AI服务器产能布署在越南外，也对供应链企业提出建议，最好的在越南就近配套，希望这些企业新设产能或添置设备进行配合。
此外，受苹果订单的影响，苹果的可穿戴、电脑等产能也部分迁到了越南，相关的供应链企业也都加快了越南配套速度。
另外还有重要的一点，是疫情期间无法在印度开展业务的中资手机供应链企业，在疫情放开后，也纷纷调整了出海策略，放弃在印度的投资，重新在东南亚寻找新的产能落地基地，面向全球市场进行生产与贸易活动。
所以投资越南的企业大多数投资规模30亿越盾（约合人民币85~86万元），除了大量对投资规模要求不高的电动工具企业、吸尘器企业、扫地机器人企业外，原来很多投资印度的手机供应链企业涌入越南寻找机会，也占了很大一部分。
从越南市场的发展趋势来看，绿色经济、数字经济已成为中越双方合作的重要动力和突破口，越南政府欢迎中国企业在创新发展、绿色转型、可再生能源、交通基础设施、智慧城市等领域扩大对越投资，也愿意积极开展人力资源培训和管理经验交流，助力越南实现绿色可持续发展。
In less than 10 months, 1,795 Chinese-funded enterprises poured into Viet Nam, what kind of enterprises are they?
Editor: Lucien
According to the analysis of Viet Nam's industrial and commercial registration data, from October 2023 last year to August 2024, in less than 10 months, Chinese enterprises have registered a total of 1,795 enterprises in Viet Nam, covering 36 provinces and cities in Viet Nam, with Bac Ninh, Ho Chi Minh City and Binh Duong Province having the most.
Among the new Chinese-funded enterprises, 505 chose Bac Ninh Province, 354 chose Ho Chi Minh City, and 283 chose Binh Duong Province.
Among the 1,795 Chinese-funded enterprises, there are 1,198 enterprises with an investment scale of more than 3 billion VND (about RMB 85~860,000) (inclusive).
According to the Ministry of Planning and Investment of Viet Nam, as of July 20, 2024, Chinese investors have invested in 19 sectors in Viet Nam, of which the 10 sectors with the highest capital, led by technological processing and manufacturing, reached US$22.7 billion. The capitalization of the electricity, gas, water and air conditioning production and supply industry exceeded 2.2 billion US dollars, and the real estate business exceeded 1.3 billion US dollars. Other sectors such as wholesale and retail, auto repair, accommodation and food services, construction, transportation and warehousing, mining and professional activities, mining, etc., have seen investment capital fluctuate from $140 million to more than $520 million.
Chinese investors have invested in Xining and other places, with more than 104 projects and more than US$4.8 billion in capital. Bac Giang province exceeded US$2.2 billion; Binh Thuan province exceeds US$2 billion; Binh Duong, Hai Phong, Quang Ninh, Tien Giang, Bac Ninh, Nghe An, Dong Nai, Binh Phuoc and other provinces have invested more than US$1 billion. It is worth mentioning that although Binh Thuan province has only 9 Chinese investment projects, the investment amount exceeds 2 billion US dollars, with an average of more than 220 million US dollars per project (more than 5.5 trillion Viet Nam per project).
With the ever-changing global economic situation, Chinese enterprises are constantly adjusting their overseas expansion strategies to seek coexistence, symbiosis and mutual benefit. Viet Nam has signed free trade agreements with many economies, and the large tax difference in the process of trade activities has attracted Chinese and foreign-funded enterprises to increase Viet Nam.
Among them, Viet Nam, which is close to the Chinese market, has become the first choice to attract foreign investment in terms of economic vitality and young labor force. According to data from the Viet Nam Bureau of Statistics, in 2023, Viet Nam's GDP will reach US$430 billion, ranking 35th in the world, with an actual growth rate of 5.1%, ranking eighth in the world and second in the ASEAN region.
Since last year, waves of enterprises have begun to pour into Viet Nam for field visits and factory investment, and according to the Vietnam News Agency, Singapore will lead investment in Vietnam in 2023, but China is the largest source of investment in Vietnam in terms of the number of new investment projects in Viet Nam.
In fact, starting from 2023, foreign investors' investment activities in Viet Nam will be mainly supported by manufacturers in Korea, Singapore, Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan, while the original European and American companies are in the process of divestment due to the impact of geopolitical conflicts on shipping and capital. Many enterprises from Singapore and Hong Kong investing in Viet Nam are actually local subsidiaries of Chinese mainland enterprises, and the final source of funds is still Chinese mainland.
In 2023, the investment of Chinese-funded enterprises in Viet Nam is quite different from the past, mainly from clothing and textiles, furniture, air conditioning, color TVs, etc., to small mechanical and electrical products and consumer electronics products, such as from last year, more than ninety percent of Chinese mainland enterprises have set up subsidiaries or factories in Viet Nam to conduct business and export their products to the global market.
In addition, although China's PV companies have slowed down in the global market, PV supply chain companies are still continuing to invest in Viet Nam.
In addition, driven by ASEAN's electrification policy, Chinese electric vehicle parts companies, electric two-wheeler companies and supply chain companies have also entered the Viet Nam market.
However, from 2023 onwards, a significant focus that really keeps Viet Nam still attracting the attention of global investors is the hardware manufacturing layout driven by AI. Due to the United States and neighboring countries of United States, which mainly consume AI server resources, it is difficult to assemble the manufacturing system of AI servers, and there is not enough cash compensation policy for these supply chain companies to relocate to the North American market, so driven by orders from Europe and the United States, Taiwan companies that mainly undertake AI servers and data center hardware basically use Viet Nam as their production bases
Among them, Foxconn (Hongteng Precision), which is responsible for the main manufacturing force, in addition to deploying its own AI server production capacity in Viet Nam, also makes suggestions for supply chain enterprises, the best in Viet Nam nearby support, hoping that these enterprises will set up new production capacity or add equipment to cooperate.
In addition, affected by Apple's orders, Apple's wearable, computer and other production capacity has also partially moved to Viet Nam, and related supply chain companies have also accelerated the speed of supporting in Viet Nam.
Another important point is that Chinese mobile phone supply chain companies that could not do business in India during the epidemic have also adjusted their overseas strategies after the epidemic was relaxed, giving up their investment in India, and re-looking for new production capacity landing bases in Southeast Asia to carry out production and trade activities for the global market.
Therefore, most of the enterprises investing in Viet Nam have an investment scale of 3 billion VND (about RMB 85~860,000), in addition to a large number of power tool enterprises, vacuum cleaner companies, and sweeping robot companies that do not require high investment scale, many mobile phone supply chain companies that have invested in India have poured into Viet Nam to find opportunities, which also accounts for a large part.
From the perspective of the development trend of the Viet Nam market, green economy and digital economy have become an important driving force and breakthrough point for cooperation between China and Vietnam, the Viet Nam government welcomes Chinese enterprises to expand investment in Vietnam in the fields of innovation and development, green transformation, renewable energy, transportation infrastructure, smart city, etc., and is willing to actively carry out human resource training and management experience exchange to help Viet Nam achieve green and sustainable development.
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旭日大数据团队长期服务超过全球10000家高新科技电子行业企业客户，在长期建设中国制造业供应链服务体系过程中积累了大量的行业资源，不仅对电子制造业企业的采购需求有着深刻理解，还与全球大量企业建立了系统对接，能够帮助供应商快速适应企业的服务要求，切入企业供应链。
