细胞外囊泡是由细胞分泌到外部环境中的微小囊泡状结构。这些囊泡由脂质双层膜构成，内含多种生物分子，包括蛋白质、核酸（如microRNA、mRNA）、细胞因子等。细胞外囊泡根据其来源和大小可以分为几种类型，主要包括微囊泡、外泌体和凋亡小体。
目前，细胞外囊泡治疗神经系统疾病的研究热点主要集中在利用其携带的生物活性分子调节炎症反应、促进神经再生及改善功能恢复等方面。尤其是将细胞外囊泡与其他纳米粒子、药物或生物支架材料相结合的策略，以提高囊泡的靶向性和治疗效果。同时，研究也关注细胞外囊泡在跨越血脑屏障、调节免疫系统和神经炎症方面的潜力，以及从机制上探讨其对神经功能的保护与修复作用。
为此，选择本刊学者2024年发表的细胞外囊泡治疗神经系统疾病的热点综述文章3篇，推荐读者阅读。
（1）Advances in extracellular vesicle-based combination therapies for spinal cord injury
基于细胞外囊泡的脊髓损伤综合疗法的进展
Tingting Wang 1, Guohao Huang 1, Zhiheng Yi 1, Sihan Dai 2, Weiduan Zhuang 1, Shaowei Guo 1
1 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.
2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.
引用本文：
Wang T, Huang G, Yi Z, et al. Advances in extracellular vesicle-based combination therapies for spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res. 2024;19(2):369-374.
正文链接：
https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/fulltext/2024/02000/advances_in_extracellular_vesicle_based.22.aspx
（2）Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases
细胞外囊泡对神经和神经退行性疾病的病理和治疗作用
Paula Izquierdo-Altarejos 1, Victoria Moreno-Manzano 2, Vicente Felipo 1
1 Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
2 Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
引用本文：
Izquierdo-Altarejos P, Moreno-Manzano V, Felipo V. Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res. 2024;19(1):55-61.
正文链接：
https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/fulltext/2024/01000/pathological_and_therapeutic_effects_of.9.aspx
（3）Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a cell-free therapy for traumatic brain injury via neuroprotection and neurorestoration
间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡是一种通过神经保护和神经修复治疗创伤性脑损伤的无细胞疗法
Ye Xiong 1, Asim Mahmood 1, Michael Chopp 2
1 Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
2 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit; Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.
引用本文：
Xiong Y, Mahmood A, Chopp M. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a cell-free therapy for traumatic brain injury via neuroprotection and neurorestoration. Neural Regen Res. 2024;19(1):49-54.
正文链接：
https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/fulltext/2024/01000/mesenchymal_stem_cell_derived_extracellular.8.aspx
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