营商环境的研究图景与未来展望——基于成本、资源和商业生态观视角的思考
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2025-01-17 09:00
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营商环境的研究图景与未来展望——基于成本、资源和商业生态观视角的思考
The Research Landscape and Prospects of the Business Environment: Based on the Cost View, Resource View, and Business Ecosystem View
《外国经济与管理》2025年47卷第1期 页码：3-20 online：2025年1月20日
中：褚旭1 , 白云涛2,3 , 顾静2
英：Chu Xu1 , Bai Yuntao2,3 , Gu Jing2
作者单位：1.中国矿业大学 经济管理学院，江苏 徐州 221116; 2.厦门大学 管理学院，福建 厦门 361005; 3.厦门大学 中国营商环境研究中心，福建 厦门 361005
摘要：在中国高质量发展的背景下，优质营商环境已成为企业等经营主体可持续发展的重要支柱。同时，作为企业等主体在经济活动中所面临的外部环境的总和，营商环境日益受到实践界和理论界的关注。因此，系统地梳理营商环境的研究重心和潜在问题，对该领域的理论发展和实践应用至关重要。首先，本文基于成本、资源和商业生态观的相关理论，分析了不同理论视角下营商环境在内涵、维度、功能等方面的内容及其异同，并基于“主体—环境—功能”逻辑概括出四类营商环境概念类型；其次，以“概念内涵与价值功能相匹配”为切入点，梳理了营商环境的影响效应，归纳出成本、资源和商业生态观视角下营商环境赋能经营主体价值创造活动的作用机制；再次，在梳理实践中营商环境测量指标体系的基础上，按照“国家—省域—城市—县域—企业”的层次顺序，总结了中国已有研究对营商环境的维度划分与数据来源；最后，依据营商环境的研究现状，从明确核心概念、完善指标体系等方面展望了未来中国营商环境的研究机会，以期为后续营商环境领域的理论发展提供新思路。
关键词：营商环境；成本观视角；资源观视角；商业生态观视角；文献综述
Summary: In the context of high-quality development in China, a high-quality business environment has become an important pillar for the sustainable development of enterprises and other business entities. At the same time, as the sum of external environments faced by enterprises and other entities in economic activities, the business environment has gradually received attention in practice and theory. Therefore, it is crucial to systematically sort out the research focus and potential issues of the business environment for the theoretical development and practical application of this field. Firstly, based on the cost view, resource view, and business ecosystem view, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences of the business environment in terms of connotation, dimension, and function, and summarizes four types of the business environment concept based on the logic of “entity-environment-function”. Secondly, taking “matching the conceptual connotation and value function” as the entry point, it sorts out the effect of the business environment, and concludes the role of the business environment in empowering the value-creation activities of business entities. Thirdly, on the basis of combing the indicator system for measuring the business environment in practice, it outlines the dimension division and data sources of the business environment in China’s existing research. Finally, it puts forward an outlook on the future research of the business environment in China, including clarifying core concepts and improving indicator systems, so as to provide new ideas for the subsequent theoretical development in the field of the business environment.
Key words:business environment; cost view; resource view; business ecosystem view; literature review
DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.fem.20240319.102
收稿日期：2023-10-31
基金项目: 教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目（22YJA630001）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（71672155）；福建省自然科学基金项目（2024J01034）
