父辈教育期望与子代创业抉择——来自千村调查的经验证据
学术
财经
2024-12-19 10:30
上海
父辈教育期望与子代创业抉择——来自千村调查的经验证据
Parents’ Educational Expectations and Children’s Entrepreneurial Choices: Empirical Evidence from a Thousand-village Survey
《外国经济与管理》2024年46卷第12期 页码：72-87 online：2024年12月20日
中：张琦1 , 贺小刚1,2
英：Zhang Qi1 , He Xiaogang1,2
作者单位：1.上海财经大学 商学院, 上海 200433; 2.上海财经大学浙江学院, 浙江 金华 321000
摘要：本文采用“千村调查”数据，对父辈教育期望是否会导致子代选择创业问题进行考察，实证研究发现：（1）父辈“望子成龙”的教育心态会促使成年子代倾向于开展创业活动，这支持了“家庭教育投资激励”的假说；（2）父代务农经历、子代缔结婚姻和亲子离散印记均能够有效激发父辈“为之计深远”的期望效应，提升子代创业的可能；（3）父辈教育期望通过“利他主义”传递、“创业效能感”生成和“人力资本”累积三条路径来影响子代创业活动的展开；（4）“望子成龙”会显著促进儿子创业，但并不会促成女儿创业。此外，父辈教育期望的影响在中、西部地区的表现也比在东部地区明显。本文的结论丰富了家庭教育期望的研究成果，也为鼓励从创业角度实施“人才强国”战略，全方位推进家庭创业创新教育提供了政策洞见。
关键词：父辈“望子成龙”期望；子代创业；代际影响；代际互动；教育人力资本
Summary: Based on the family expectation theory and intergenerational interaction characteristics, this paper examines the relationship between parents’ “educational” expectations and children’s entrepreneurial choices, and the moderating role of three intergenerational dimensions: paternal farming, offspring marriage, and parent-child dispersion. This paper adopts data from the “Thousand-village Survey” conducted by Shanghai University of Finance and Economics in 2016 for empirical analysis. The results show that: Parents’ high expectations for their children make adult children inclined to carry out entrepreneurial activities; paternal farming, offspring marriage, and parent-child dispersion effectively stimulate the family expectation effect and enhance child entrepreneurship; parents’ educational expectations affect the development of their children’s entrepreneurial activities through three paths: altruism transmission, entrepreneurial efficacy generation, and human capital accumulation; parents’ high expectations for their children significantly promote a son’s entrepreneurship, but do not promote a daughter’s entrepreneurship. In addition, the influence of parents’ educational expectations is more obvious in the central and western regions than in the eastern regions. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: First, it shows the current situation of parents’ educational expectations in rural areas of China, and finds out the economic function of family educational expectations, which has strong practical significance in clarifying the importance of traditional family values, cultivating young rural entrepreneurial talents, and formulating talent strategies for the government. Second, it explores the boundaries of family expectation effect, and supports the conclusion that intergenerational relationship has an important impact on children’s economic decision-making, social network expansion, and psychological resilience, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent research. Third, it helps to deeply understand how parents’ high expectations for their children affect individual human capital, as well as the driving effect of kinship on family members’ economic behavior.
Key words:parents’ high expectations for their children; child entrepreneurship; intergenerational influence; intergenerational interaction; educational human capital
DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.fem.20231023.402
收稿日期：2023-05-08
