身临其境感受传说故事的魅力，观看一场传统戏台上的戏曲表演，这些都已成为公众可享受的参观体验。浙江省非物质文化遗产馆位于中国东南沿海的浙江省，建筑面积为35,000平方米，这里的独特之处在于参观者可以亲身参与文化传统。
“借助沉浸式多媒体体验，这里的展览让古老的传统变得生动而鲜活”
© 中国浙江省非物质文化遗产馆 / 图源：郭艺（Guo Yi） 在中国浙江省非物质文化遗产馆的以《梁山伯与祝英台》传说为灵感的沉浸式展演。
传统戏台
在现代中国社会里，传统戏台已经很少见了。现存的古戏台通常都作为文物被保护起来，不再作为演出场地使用。大部分传统戏剧演出如今都在现代化剧场里上演。
浙江省非物质文化遗产馆的镇馆之宝是一座传统戏台。这座精致的戏台宽11.8米，重量达到60吨，由20名精通中国传统建筑营造技艺的熟练工匠修建。工程完工后，工匠们观看了一场在自己亲手打造的戏台上表演的传统戏剧，感动得热泪盈眶。
在这座戏台前，观众仿佛穿越时光回到了过去，沉浸于传统戏剧之美和艺术魅力。他们或站或坐，按传统方式观赏古典戏剧表演。
当演员上演传统剧目，观众听到古老的乐器奏响旋律，看到演员细致繁复的服装和微妙的面部表情，感受传统戏剧故事传达出来的强烈情感。
戏台上有两扇门，目的是让表演者遵循“出将入相”（上下场的方式）等传统戏剧程式，按照固定规程表演。这体现出传统演出的严格标准和既定程序。这座戏台本身就是中国表演艺术之丰富遗产的鲜活见证。
唤醒传统技艺
这家博物馆的核心使命是通过参与式体验来吸引参观者，将“单向”教育转变为互动参与，重点关注肩负着让非物质文化遗产变得生动而鲜活的手工艺者。
“这家博物馆的核心使命是通过参与式体验来吸引参观者”
《白蛇传》
在非物质文化遗产中，传说故事是世代相传的重要口述传统。博物馆创造性地运用数字技术将这些故事呈现在观众面前，加深了观众对这项文化遗产的了解。博物馆提取了具有象征意义的文化元素，制作成沉浸式粒子动画（具有肌理影像等效果），生动地展示了两个家喻户晓的传说——《白蛇传》和《梁山伯与祝英台》。
Exhibiting living heritage in China
How to bring into view what is invisible: intangible cultural heritage? Inaugurated in 2023, a museum in Zhejiang is showing the way. Using an immersive and interactive approach, it introduces visitors to performing arts, rituals, and traditional skills.
Guo Yi
Immerse oneself in the magic of a legendary tale or watch an opera performed on a traditional stage? Such experiences are now within the reach of the general public. Located in Zhejiang Province on the southeast coast of China and spanning 35,000 square meters, the Zhejiang Intangible Cultural Heritage Museum offers visitors a unique opportunity to actively participate in cultural traditions.
“Exhibits bring ancient traditions to life
through immersive multimedia experiences”
Since 2004, the museum community has been researching ways to effectively showcase intangible cultural heritage, understanding that living heritage is active and cannot be fully represented through artefacts alone. Here, visitors engage with vibrant exhibits that bring ancient traditions to life through immersive multimedia experiences and live performances by master artisans. At the museum's opening ceremony in 2023, Emma Nardi, President of the International Council of Museums, welcomed this initiative of promoting living heritage.
In modern China, traditional opera stages are very rare. The few that remain are typically preserved as historical monuments and no longer serve as performance venues. Today, most operas take place in modern theatres.
Reviving know-how
At the heart of the museum’s mission is the desire to engage audiences through participatory experiences that transform the "one-way" educational experience into an interactive engagement, focusing on the craftspersons bringing intangible cultural heritage to life.
“At the heart of the museum’s mission
is the desire to engage audiences
through participatory experiences”
Legendary stories are a crucial oral tradition of intangible cultural heritage, passed down through generations. Here at the museum they are creatively digitized to entertain audiences and deepen their understanding of this heritage. The museum vividly presents two famous legends, "The Legend of the White Snake" and "The Butterfly Lovers" (Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai), by extracting symbolic cultural elements and designing them into an immersive particle animation space (with effects such as explosions and sparkles).
As visitors step into these virtual worlds, they are enveloped in swirling colours and soundscapes. In “The Legend of the White Snake”, visitors are surrounded by ethereal water animations, with the lovers' boat appearing in a cascade of shimmering particles. Meanwhile, “The Butterfly Lovers” unfolds amidst a vibrant digital display of butterflies and music, immersing the audience in a narrative of romantic love and transformation.
Through the artistic use of digital technology, the museum aims to attract more visitors, especially young people. Unlike artefact exhibits, which focus on historical knowledge and objects, living heritage exhibits emphasize cultural content, highlighting people and processes. They require reinterpretation and creative presentation.
It is China’s first regional comprehensive museum of its kind, and similar venues are expected to be opened in time. In the year and a half since it opened, the Museum has already welcomed 760,000 visitors.
The future of museums in China is shaped by the "Museum+" model, collaborating with industries like digital media, education, and tourism to offer more engaging cultural experiences.
By aligning intangible cultural heritage with Chinese traditional festivals, the museum not only protects these traditions but also integrates with the city, community, and contemporary life. It contributes to the vitality of the times and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage.
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