1. Shah AD, Langenberg C, Rapsomaniki E, et al. Type 2 diabetes and incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a cohort study in 1.9 million people. Lancet Diabe tes Endocrinol. 2015;3(2):105–13.
2. Chun BY, Dobson AJ, Heller RF. The impact of diabetes on survival among patients with first myocardial infarction. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(5):704–8.
3.Gustafsson I, Hildebrandt P, Seibaek M, et al. Long-term prognosis of diabetic patients with myocardial infarction: relation to antidiabetic treatment regi men. The TRACE Study Group. Eur Heart J. 2000;21(23):1937–43.
4.Miettinen H, Lehto S, Salomaa V, et al. Impact of diabetes on mortality after the first myocardial infarction. The FINMONICA myocardial infarction Register Study Group. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(1):69–75.
5.Alabas OA, Hall M, Dondo TB, et al. Long-term excess mortality associated with diabetes following acute myocardial infarction: a population-based cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2017;71(1):25–32.
6.Eliasson M, Jansson JH, Lundblad D, Näslund U. The disparity between long-term survival in patients with and without diabetes following a first myocardial infarction did not change between 1989 and 2006: an analysis of 6,776 patients in the Northern Sweden MONICA Study. Diabetologia. 2011;54(10):2538–43.
7.Winell KM, Pääkkönen R, Pietilä A, Niemi MK, Reunanen AR, Salomaa VV. Case fatality rates after first acute coronary syndrome in persons treated for type 2 diabetes show an improving trend. Diabetologia. 2010;53(3):472–80.
8.Ahmed B, Davis HT, Laskey WK. In-hospital mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction: results from the national inpatient sample, 2000–2010. J Am Heart Assoc 2014;3(4).
9.Martin SS, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, et al. 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke sta tistics: a report of US and Global Data from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2024;149(8):e347–913.
10. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice C. 9. Pharmacologic approaches to Glycemic Treatment: standards of Care in Diabetes-2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Suppl 1):S158–78.
11. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice C. 7. Diabetes Technol ogy: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Suppl 1):S126–S144.
12. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice C. 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: standards of Care in Diabetes-2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Suppl 1):S179–218.
13. Anne M. Kerola,et al.Short- and long-term mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes after myocardial infarction– a nationwide registry study.Cardiovasc Diabetol.2024.https://cardiab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12933-024-02479-6
14. Koek HL, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Kardaun JW, et al. Short- and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction: comparison of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Eur J Epidemiol. 2007;22(12):883–8.
15. Löwel H, Köenig W, Engel S, Hormann A, Keil U. The impact of diabetes mel litus on survival after myocardial infarction: can it be modified by drug treat ment? Results of a population-based myocardial infarction register follow-up study. Diabetologia. 2000;43(2):218–26.
16. Norhammar A, Lindbäck J, Ryden L, et al. Improved but still high short- and long-term mortality rates after myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus: a time-trend report from the Swedish Register of Information and Knowledge about Swedish Heart Intensive Care Admission. Heart. 2007;93(12):1577–83.
17. Nedkoff L, Knuiman M, Hung J, Briffa TG. Improving 30-day case fatality after incident myocardial infarction in people with diabetes between 1998 and 2010. Heart. 2015;101(16):1318–24.
18. Nauta ST, Deckers JW, Akkerhuis KM, van Domburg RT. Short- and long-term mortality after myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes: changes from 1985 to 2008. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(10):2043–7.
19. Patel PA, Cubbon RM, Sapsford RJ, et al. An evaluation of 20 year survival in patients with diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2016;203:141–4.
20. Gruppetta M, Calleja N, Fava S. Long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction and relation to type 2 diabetes and other risk factors. Clin Cardiol. 2010;33(7):424–9.
21. Matetic A, Doolub G, Bharadwaj A, et al. Differential Impact of Type 1 and type 2 diabetes Mellitus on outcomes among 1.4 million US patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2022;38:83–8.
22. Fojt A, Kowalik R, Gierlotka M, Gasior M, Smeding C, Opolski G. Three-year mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with different diabetic status. Pol Arch Intern Med 2021;131(11).
23. Baviera M, Genovese S, Colacioppo P, et al. Diabetes mellitus duration and mortality in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. Cardio vasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):223.
24. Nedkoff L, Knuiman M, Hung J, Briffa TG. Long-term all-cause and cardiovas cular mortality following incident myocardial infarction in men and women with and without diabetes: temporal trends from 1998 to 2009. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016;23(12):1273–81.
25. Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan JJ, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the manage ment of acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(38):3720–826.
26. Roger VL, Weston SA, Gerber Y, et al. Trends in incidence, severity, and out come of hospitalized myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2010;121(7):863–9.
27. Marenzi G, Cosentino N, Genovese S, et al. Reduced cardio-renal function accounts for most of the In-Hospital morbidity and mortality risk among patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-Segment Elevation myocardial infarction. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(7):1305–11.
28. Brener SJ, Mehran R, Dressler O, Cristea E, Stone GW. Diabetes mellitus, myocardial reperfusion, and outcome in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty (from HORIZONS AMI). Am J Cardiol. 2012;109(8):1111–6.
29. Giustino G, Colantonio LD, Brown TM, et al. Titration to high-intensity statin therapy following Acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes Mellitus. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2018;32(5):453–61.
30. Wikström K, Lamidi ML, Rautiainen P, Tirkkonen H, Laatikainen T. Type 2 diabe tes medication and HbA1c levels in North Karelia Finland, 2013–2019. Diabet Med. 2022;39(9):e14866.
31. Kerola AM, Palomäki A, Rautava P, Kytö V. Less revascularization in young women but impaired long-term outcomes in young men after myocardial infarction. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022;29(10):1437–45.
32. Kytö V, Nuotio M, Rautava P. Sex difference in the Case Fatality of older myo cardial infarction patients. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci. 2022;77(3):614–20.
33. Lopez-de-Andres A, Jimenez-Garcia R, Hernandez-Barrera V, et al. Are there sex differences in the effect of type 2 diabetes in the incidence and outcomes of myocardial infarction? A matched-pair analysis using hospital discharge data. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20(1):81.
34. Huo X, Gao L, Guo L, et al. Risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases in early onset versus late-onset type 2 diabetes in China: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016;4(2):115–24.
35. Yaliqin N, Yu ZX, Aimaier S, Adi D, Ma YT. Impact of Duration of Diabetes Mellitus on Long-term outcome in type 2 Diabetic patients with primary percutaneous coronary intervention after the first myocardial infarction. Cardiology 2024.
36. Hoebers LP, Claessen BE, Woudstra P, et al. Long-term mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with insulin-treated versus non-insulin-treated diabetes mellitus. EuroIntervention. 2014;10(1):90–6.
37. Zuanetti G, Latini R, Maggioni AP, Santoro L, Franzosi MG. Influence of diabe tes on mortality in acute myocardial infarction: data from the GISSI-2 study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22(7):1788–94.
38 Bundhun PK, Li N, Chen MH. Adverse cardiovascular outcomes between insulin-treated and non-insulin treated diabetic patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2015;14:135.
39. Li Y, Li X, Zhang Y, et al. Impact of glycemic control status on patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020;20(1):36.
40. Sharma PK, Agarwal S, Ellis SG, et al. Association of glycemic control with mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing percutaneous coro nary intervention. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;7(4):503–9.
41. VanderWeele TJ, Ding P. Sensitivity analysis in observational research: intro ducing the e-value. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167(4):268–74.
