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Spinal Stenosis and Spine Surgery
椎管狭窄与脊椎手术
Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spaces in the backbone or spinal column. This narrowing can put pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots.
椎管狭窄是指脊骨或脊柱的间隙变窄。这种狭窄会对脊髓或神经根造成压力。
The spinal column is formed by the bones of your spine called vertebrae. The vertebrae have a hollow core, and when stacked upon each other, they form a canal that protects and supports the spinal cord nerves.
脊柱由称为椎骨的脊椎骨形成。椎骨有一个中空的核心，它们相互堆叠在一起，形成保护和支撑脊髓神经的管道。
Nerve roots branch off from the spinal cord through spaces between the vertebrae and lead to different parts of your body.
神经根通过椎骨间的间隙，从脊髓发出分支，通向身体的不同部位。
With spinal stenosis, the vertebrae put pressure on your spinal cord or on the nerve roots. Spinal stenosis usually affects the lower back and neck.
椎管狭窄时，椎骨会对脊髓或神经根施加压力。椎管狭窄通常影响下背部和颈部。
There are three ways spinal stenosis can affect your spine. The spinal cord can be squeezed in the spinal canal, the space between vertebrae can get smaller which puts pressure on the nerve roots, or the bony canals that the nerve roots pass through can get narrow.
椎管狭窄通过三种方式影响脊柱：脊髓被挤压进椎管；椎骨间的间隙变小，压迫神经根；或者神经根穿行的椎管变窄。
If you have severe pain and numbness, your healthcare provider may recommend surgery.
如果患者出现严重疼痛和麻木，医生可能推荐手术治疗。
The most common surgery for spinal stenosis is is called a laminectomy. During the surgery, a part of your vertebrae called the lamina is removed to make more room for the nerves.
椎管狭窄最常见的手术方式是椎板切除术。手术期间，切除脊椎称为椎板的部分，扩大神经穿行的空间。
Another type of surgery is called a foraminotomy. In this procedure, excess bone and other tissue are removed from the foramen which is the space in the spine where the nerve roots exit, to take pressure off of the nerve root.
另一种手术是椎间孔切开术。手术过程中，自椎间孔，即神经根离开经过的脊椎间隙，切除多余的骨和其他组织，从而减轻神经根承受的压力。
In some cases, bones in the the lower back can be fused together with bone grafts.
某些情况下，下背部的骨骼会与骨移植物融合在一起。
相关单词学习
Laminectomy
①发音和释义
lam•i•nec•to•my/ˌlæmɪ'nektəmɪ/n. 椎板切除术
The surgical removal of part of the posterior arch of a vertebra to provide access to the spinal canal, as for the excision of a ruptured disk.
单词 laminectomy 由下列成分构成
lamin(a) 薄板，椎板
+
-ectomy（后缀）切除术
（图源：太帅图库）
Stenosis
ste•no•sis/stɪˈnəʊsɪs/n. 狭窄
A narrowing or stricture of a passage or vessel.
单词 stenosis 由下列成分构成
steno- 狭窄
+
-osis（后缀）病变状态
(图源：太帅图库)
Foraminotomy
for•am•i•not•o•my/f'ræmaɪnəʊtəmɪ/n. 椎间孔切开术
An operation on an aperture, usually to open it, for example, surgical enlargement of the intervertebral foramen.
单词 foraminotomy 由下列成分构成
foramen 孔
+
-o- 连接元音
+
-tomy（后缀）切开术
(图源：太帅图库)
附：腰背痛科普
（图源：太帅图库）
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