医护英语简易入门：前缀、词根和后缀丨医学英语视听学习

文摘科学 2024-06-27 15:00 河南

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Medical Terminology: Prefixes, Roots, Suffixes

医学术语的前缀、词根和后缀

The prefix is not always present, but when it is, it forms the beginning of the word.

并非所有医学术语都有前缀，但是当有前缀时，它构成单词的开始部分。

The easy way to think of the prefix is it's generally the descriptive part of the medical term. So it helps describe characteristics like a location, direction, number, quantity, amount, size, or color.

前缀最简单的联想记忆方式是：它通常是医学术语的描述部分。因此，它有助于说明位置、方向、数字、数目、数量、大小或颜色等特征。

Next is the root. The root forms the middle of the word, and if there is no prefix then it's going to form the first part of the word.

接下来是词根。词根构成术语的中间部分，如果没有前缀，那么词根也可以构成术语的第一部分。

The easy way to think about the root is it gives the medical term its core meaning. It's the subject of the word and it often pertains to a body part or system.

词根最简单的记忆方式是，它赋予医学术语核心意义。词根是术语的描述对象，通常与身体的某一部分或系统有关。

Finally we have the suffix which forms the end of the word. The easy way to think about the suffix is it brings meaning to the medical term.

最后，我们看后缀，它构成单词的末尾部分。最简单的记忆方式是，它使医学术语具有意义。

The suffix might indicate a disease, disorder, condition, procedure, process, specialty, or test.

后缀表示疾病、障碍、状况、手术、过程、专业或检查。

So let's take a look at an example. We're going to use hyperthyroidism.

我们来看一个例子。我们来看术语 hyperthyroidism『甲状腺功能亢进症』。

We can see the word has a beginning which is the prefix, a middle which is the root, and an end which is the suffix.

我们可以看到，这个单词由开始部分，也就是前缀，中间部分--词根，以及末尾部分--后缀构成。

"Hyper" means above normal or in excess, "thyroid" refers to the thyroid gland, and "ism" describes a condition.

“Hyper”意为超过正常或过度，“thyroid”指甲状腺，“ism”描述一种状况。

So hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive and it produces too much hormone.