鼻腔血管解剖丨医学英语视听学习

Blood vessels of nasal cavity 

鼻腔血管

During this tutorial, we'll have a look at the arterial supply and venous drainage of the nasal cavity. At the end of the tutorial, we'll go over a few clinical pathologies related to the blood vessels of the nasal cavity.

在这个教程中，我们将学习鼻腔的动脉血供和静脉引流。在教程最后，我们将介绍一些与鼻腔血管相关的临床病理。

So here we can see an illustration of the skull that's been bisected along the midsagittal plane to expose vasculature and nerve supply of the nasal cavity.

在这里，我们可以看到颅骨的图片，它沿正中矢状面被一分为二，露出鼻腔的血管系统和神经支配。

Here we can see the lateral wall of the right nasal cavity and here we can see the medial wall which has been reflected upwards.

在这里，我们可以看到右鼻腔的外侧壁，这里，我们看到内侧壁，它投射到上面。

Now, this image does look overwhelming but don't panic because as we progress through the tutorial, we're going to break it down into individual structures.

这张图看起来确实很混乱，但是不要慌，因为我们在讲解时，会将它拆分为单个的结构。

As with other anatomical illustrations, the red vessels represent arteries, the blue vessels represent veins, and the yellow fibers represent nerves. So let's begin with the arterial supply.

如同其他解剖学图片，红色血管代表动脉，蓝色血管代表静脉，黄色纤维代表神经。我们先看一下动脉血供。

The nasal cavity has a very rich blood supply derived from both the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery, which is highlighted in this image in green.

鼻腔有来自颈内动脉和颈外动脉的非常丰富的血供，如图中绿色高亮区域所示。

As you may know, the external carotid artery has many branches. Part of the blood supply to the nasal cavity is derived from two of these branches--the facial artery and the maxillary artery.

大家可能知道，颈外动脉有许多分支。鼻腔的部分血供来自其中两个分支，即面动脉和上颌动脉。

Let's first take a look at the facial artery and its main branches to the nasal cavity.

我们先看一下面动脉及其供应鼻腔的主要分支。

As you can see, the facial artery branches anteriorly of the external carotid artery then curves upwards over the mandible and over the angle of the mouth to run alongside the nose.

如大家所见，面动脉是颈外动脉前的分支，然后弯曲向上到下颌和嘴角，沿鼻走行。

As it passes the nose, it gives off a branch which supplies the nasal cavity. This branch is referred to as the lateral nasal branch of the facial artery and we can see it highlighted in green here. This branch supplies the skin of the nose.

面动脉经过鼻时，发出供应鼻腔的分支。这个分支称为面动脉鼻外侧支，如绿色突出显示部分所示。它供应鼻部的皮肤。

Now, let's look at the other branch of the external carotid artery that supplies the nasal cavity which is the maxillary artery. 

现在，我们来看颈外动脉供应鼻腔的另一个分支—上颌动脉。

The maxillary artery is one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. As you can see, it passes underneath the mandible before it courses up the face giving off many branches.

上颌动脉是颈外动脉的两个终支之一。如大家所见，它在下颌下面穿过，然后沿面部走行，发出许多分支。

In this next illustration, we can see another view of the maxillary artery as well as the other terminal branch, the superficial temporal artery.

在下一张图中，我们可以看到下颌动脉，以及另一终支—颞浅动脉的另一个视图。

We will now have a look at some of the branches of the maxillary artery which supply the nasal cavity. The first branch of the maxillary artery we will look at is the sphenopalatine artery.

我们现在将学习上颌动脉供应鼻腔的一些分支。我们将看到的第一个分支是蝶腭动脉。

The sphenopalatine artery passes through the sphenopalatine foramen which is a hole within the skull which you can see located at the posterior aspect of the superior meatus.

蝶腭动脉穿过蝶腭孔，蝶腭孔是颅骨内的一个孔，位于上鼻道后部。