双语字幕Anatomy of the Spleen 脾脏解剖学 This time, I'm going to be talking about none other than the spleen. And to do so, I'm going to be essentially exploring these two images that you see here on the screen.这个视频，我要介绍的是脾脏！为此，我将主要讨论屏幕上的两张图像。 So, on the left side, we’re looking at the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen and here we see then on the right side, the visceral surface of the spleen.在左侧，我们看到的是脾脏的膈面，然后在右侧，我们看到的是脾脏的脏面。 The spleen that happens to be a forgotten, one of those forgotten, organs that sometimes you ask what is, what does it do, and here right now, we have the highlighted spleen from an anterior view of the abdomen where you see a little bit of the liver here retracted, and the pancreas, a little bit of the colon, and we just have a few cuts here because we just removed a few structures so we can then expose the spleen.脾脏是容易被忽略的器官之一，有时，大家会问，脾脏是什么，它有什么作用。现在，我们看腹腔前视图中突出显示的脾脏，大家可以看到一些回缩的肝脏，胰腺，以及一些结肠。在这里，我们看到一些切面，因为我们切除了一些结构，这样，我们就能够将脾脏暴露出来。 So, what is exactly the spleen and what does it do?那么，脾脏到底是什么？它有什么作用？ It is the largestimmunological organ of your body and and weighing approximately 150 grams; however, this weight may vary from individual to individual.它是人体最大的免疫器官，重约 150 g，然而，脾脏的重量因人而异。 The spleen is a highly vascularized organ and is purple in color. It lies intraperitoneally in the left hypochondriac region between the ninth and twelfth ribs just inferior to the diaphragm which we also see a little bit here on this image – the diaphragm.脾脏是一种高度血管化的器官，呈紫色，位于腹膜内第 9 和 12 肋之间的左季肋区，膈肌下方，在这张图上，我们也可以看到些许膈肌。 This organ is surrounded by a layer of fibroelastic tissue and its main functions are associated to immune responses in our body, synthesis of antibodies, filtration of blood, lymphopoiesis, and phagocytosis.脾脏周围包裹有一层弹性纤维组织，其主要功能是参与人体的免疫反应、抗体合成、血液过滤、淋巴细胞增殖和吞噬作用。 Now, in order to help you remember the macroscopic anatomy of the spleen, I have here a few helpful hints.现在，为帮助大家记忆脾脏的宏观解剖学，我将给大家一些有用的建议。 The spleen has two borders – a superior and an inferior one –, two extremities – an anterior and a posterior extremity –, and two surfaces that I showed you before and we have here the images – a visceral one and a diaphragmatic surface.脾脏有两缘--上缘和下缘，两端--前端和后端，两面--脏面和膈面（如前所述，见图片）。 So, let's begin by looking at the borders of the spleen starting with the superior border which you see here highlighted on both of these images. The superior border of this organ also known as the upper margin of the spleen, forms the border between the gastric and diaphragmatic surfaces.我们先来看脾脏的两缘，首先是上缘，见两张图中的突出显示部分。脾脏上缘（superior border/upper margin）形成胃面和膈面之间的边界。 There is also this margin here that you see now highlighted which is then the inferior margin of the spleen. It's also known as the lower margin. It's the border between the diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces.这个边缘（如突出显示区域所示）是脾脏的下缘（inferior margin/lower margin）。它是膈面和脏面之间的边界。 Now, let's take a look at the two extremities of the spleen starting with this one that you now see highlighted, this is then the anterior extremity of the spleen.现在，我们来看脾脏的两端，首先是这里，图中的突出显示区域，这是脾脏的前端。 The anterior extremity of the spleen is basically the most anterior part of this organ seen here highlighted. 脾脏的前端本质是该器官最前面的部分，如图所示。 相关单词学习
Diaphragmatic
①发音和释义 di•a•phrag•mat•ic/,daiәfræg'mætik/adj. 膈的，隔膜的 Of, pertaining to, or using a diaphragm. 单词 diaphragmatic 由下列成分构成 diaphragm 膈+-atic（后缀）有…性质的（图源：太帅图库）
Hypochondriac
hy•po•chon•dri•ac/ˌhaɪpəˈkɑːndriæk/adj. 季肋部的Of or pertaining to the hypochondrium. 单词 hypochondriac由下列成分构成 hypochondria 季肋部+-ac（后缀）......的（图源：太帅图库）
