OA专栏 | 24年托福写作真题合集

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Doctor Achebe:

Over the next few weeks, we'll begin discussing communication strategies in the workplace. These days there are many options for workplace communications. Sometimes people choose to communicate in writing through email or through messaging apps, while at other times they prefer talking to others face-to-face or by phone. What is the most important factor to consider when deciding whether to communicate in writing or by speaking in the workplace? Why?

Kelly:

I think privacy is the biggest factor in choosing to communicate in writing or speaking at work. lf it's personal or confidential, it's better to email or message instead of talking out loud where everyone can hear. My dad always emails his boss private stuff rather than discussing it in the open office. Written communication lets you control who sees what you say.

Andrew:

I think the main factor in deciding to speak or write at work is how well you know someone. lf you don't know a coworker that well, randomly showing up in their office to chat can interrupt their workflow. It's better to email new coworkers at first until you build more of a rapport. Once you're more familiar with each other, face-to-face talks are easier and less disruptive.

Doctor Achebe:

Having students work together in small groups on learning activities is a popular alternative to teaching the whole class as one large group. The average age of students in a classroom can, of course, be an important consideration when choosing any teaching approach. l'd like us to consider two age groups: very young students (ages 5-11) and older students (ages 14-18). Which age group do you think would benefit more from working in small groups on learning activities? Why?

Claire:

I think young elementary school kids would benefit more from small group activities than high schoolers. Young kids are often more eager to participate and cooperate, whereas teens can be disengaged and distracted during class. Grouping kids when they're young can teach them social skills and get them excited about learning together. High schoolers may prefer independent work where they can focus without distractions from peers.

Andrew:

I think older high school students would benefit more from small group work. Teens tend to be more competitive and motivated to stand out, so working in groups can encourage them to challenge each other intellectually. From my experience in group projects for class, we pushed each other to think deeper and produce better work than we could have individually.

Doctor Achebe:

As teachers play an invaluable role in shaping young minds and preparing students for the future, there is an ongoing discussion regarding their compensation. Some argue that teachers should be paid salaries comparable to other high-earning professionals like doctors, lawyers and business executives. Do you agree or disagree that teachers deserve salaries on par with these professions? Please explain your viewpoint.

Claire:

Teachers should receive salaries on par with other high-earning professionals. They work long hours preparing lessons, grading assignments, and supporting students. Without good teachers, we wouldn't have doctors, lawyers, and executives. If we want to attract the best talent to this invaluable profession, we must compensate teachers accordingly. My favorite teachers inspired me and contributed greatly to my success.

Andrew:

I don't think teachers deserve the same high salaries as doctors or lawyers. Teachers get so much time off, with summer vacations and other long breaks. My aunt is a teacher and she's always posting on Facebook about trips she takes or sleeping in during vacations. With all that time off, teachers shouldn't earn salaries on par with year-round demanding professions.

Doctor Diaz:

Diversity and inclusion have become crucial considerations for modern workplaces. Employers are increasingly recognizing the value of recruiting individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds and genders. However, there is an ongoing debate about the potential positive or negative impacts of such recruitment practices while also maintaining gender balance within the workforce. Let me ask you: do you think such recruitment practices mainly bring positive or negative impacts?

Claire:

Well, l think diversity recruitment can bring about a wealth of benefits to organizations. lt can lead to the creation of a more innovative, adaptable, and creative workforce, as individuals from different backgrounds bring in varying perspectives and experiences.

Paul:

In my opinion, recruiting individuals from diverse backgrounds may lead to potential challenges such as cultural differences, misunderstandings and communication barriers. There may be a lack of understanding about certain taboos or norms, creating friction and hindering effective collaboration within the workforce.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we discussed the importance of role models and opinion makers in society. One idea we discussed was the widespread impact of "influencers." Influencers are people who are very active posting on social media and who have many followers. Influencers' posts and opinions can influence their followers' choices on everything from fashion to politics. In your opinion, do social media influencers generally have a positive or negative effect on their followers? Why do you think so?

Kelly:

I think the influencers' effect is generally positive. People can learn about the latest trends and topics in a very quick and efficient way by following influencers. In the past, people had to spend time looking through magazines or visiting boutiques to even know what was trending.

Paul:

I think influencers generally have a negative effect because they have far too much influence. I can think of one influencer who only has to mention a particular kind of sports shoe, and the next day they'll be sold out. The followers aren't really thinking for themselves; they're just blindly following the influencers' choices.

Doctor Achebe:

College tuition has been rising steadily, putting financial pressure on many families. One proposal is that government should cover tuition costs so that anyone can attend college for free. What do you think? Should the government pay for college and make higher education free? Please explain your viewpoint.

Claire:

I believe college should be free for all students. This would promote fairness and access to education, giving underprivileged students more opportunities. Everyone deserves a chance to pursue higher education, regardless of their financial situation. Free tuition would open doors for many capable students who currently can't afford the high costs of attending college.

Paul:

I don't think college should be free for all. That could attract many students who aren't genuinely interested in learning, overcrowding classes. It's better to keep some cost so students are motivated and classes aren't too large, which hurts the quality of education.

Doctor Diaz:

One traditional method of classroom instruction is lecturing. Lecturing involves the teacher talking about a topic for an extended period of time and expecting students to learn by listening attentively. Today, some educators believe that teachers should limit how much time they spend lecturing and instead teach by encouraging in-class discussions and having students work in groups. However, some teachers still teach primarily by lecturing. Do you believe lecturing is an effective teaching method? Why or why not?

Claire:

I believe lecturing can be an extremely effective way for professors to teach if they have strong communication skills. Some of my most memorable classes have been taught by brilliant lecturers who captivated me with their engaging speaking style, ability to explain complex topics clearly, and passion for their subject matter.

Paul:

I don't think pure lecturing works well as a teaching method. Without student participation, professors have no way to assess if students actually comprehend the material. Students can easily zone out during long lectures if they are just passively listening. Active learning through discussions, activities, and questions lets students engage with content and teachers identify gaps in understanding.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll be discussing the future of education. Let's focus now on the following viewpoint: it is no longer useful to spend many years pursuing a traditional, specialized university degree in a single field, such as communications or economics. Instead, it makes more sense for most people to complete several shorter certification programs and earn certificates in, for example, project management, computer programming, graphic design, and so on. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint? Why?

Kelly:

I strongly support this approach because it aligns with the changing preferences of many individuals in the modern world who often wish to switch majors or career paths. Embracing certification programs allows people to explore and pursue the fields they are passionate about without the commitment of lengthy degree programs.

Andrew:

University education is a superior choice due to its comprehensive and specialized nature. While certification programs offer quick training, universities provide a more in-depth understanding of a subject. They encourage critical thinking, research skills, and a broader knowledge base. University degrees often lead to higher earning potential and career opportunities.

Doctor Diaz:

This week we talked about how important taking time off from work or school is for people's well-being. Some people believe they get the most benefit when that time off is structured: that is, it involves planning in advance about what will be accomplished on that day. Others believe it is better to enjoy the day with no plan for how to spend it. In this discussion post, please indicate which of those approaches to spending time off from work or school you prefer and why?

Claire:

I find it beneficial to do some advance planning for my free time. l live far away from my family, so when l am getting ready to visit them during a school holiday, I always plan my time off from school very carefully. That way l have enough time to visit with each family member.

Paul:

Personally, l prefer not to make any plans for my free time. l go to school, and l have a part-time job each week. l make a schedule to be sure l can complete both my work and my studies. So when I have time off from work and school, l just want to relax with no plan.

Doctor Diaz:

This week we will discuss issues faced by secondary school administrators. I'm referring to schools for teenage students. One such issue is students who change schools. Students change schools for many different reasons, the most common being a family move. On the discussion board, I want you to exchange ideas about what schools can do to make the transition to a new school easier for teenagers.

Paul:

I think schools should assign new students a fellow student who can help them adjust. The "student buddy" can do things like make sure the new student can find the cafeteria or the right classrooms. For new students, it's a lot easier to ask a fellow student a question rather than ask a teacher or the principal.

Claire:

I would require new students to sign up for some school club or activity that meets outside of class. That way, new students would have an easy way to meet other students in a friendly environment, lt would give them a group to immediately identify with.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll examine issues in education reform. For example, some educators think that by focusing mainly on foundational knowledge in subjects like reading, math, and science, schools are not fully preparing students for success in the workplace. These educators argue that soft skills-non-academic skills such as being empathetic or having a strong work ethic - should be part of the curriculum, with classroom time dedicated to developing these skills. Do you agree? Why or why not?

Paul:

Soft skills are important, but I don't agree with using classroom time to work on them. I'm not sure how teachers would measure students' progress in developing these skills. If students' progress can't be measured on something being taught, I'm not sure if there's any point to teaching it.

Claire:

I agree. While students need a strong foundation in academic subjects, soft skills are important because they affect how well students do their work. If classroom time is set aside for these skills, students will take them seriously and their academic work will benefit. Teachers could design lessons so that students learn about a skill and then do role-playing activities with classmates.

Doctor Achebe:

Next week we'll be talking about factors that contribute to human happiness. Surveys reveal that career satisfaction and the quality of personal relationships, such as with family and friends, are freguently identified as two important factors for happiness. Which of these two factors — career or relationships — do you think most people would say has the greater impact on their overall happiness, and why?

Claire:

I would say career satisfaction impacts overall happiness more. Having a fulfilling job gives you a sense of purpose and achievement that's hard to replicate elsewhere. lt's a core part of your identity and self-worth. Relationships are vital too, but work dominates so much of our waking lives that its role in our well-being can't be overstated.

Paul:

Relationships are more impactful for happiness than career. We're social beings, so having strong bonds with family and friends fulfills a core need. Quality time with loved ones boosts positive emotions and provides a support system during tough times. That's why relationships trump career when it comes to overall well-being.

Doctor Achebe:

In recent years, there has been ongoing debate regarding the relevance and necessity of public libraries. Some argue that in the digital age, where information is readily available online, libraries may have lost their significance. What are your thoughts on the importance of libraries today? Do you believe cities should continue to maintain public libraries?

Claire:

Libraries were relevant when books were the main source of knowledge and people couldn't afford personal libraries. But in our digital world, public funding for libraries is an unnecessary expenditure. With so much information online, who needs physical books? Very few people read anymore. I haven't stepped foot in a library for years.

Paul:

Public libraries are still valuable community resources. While digital information is widespread, libraries offer engaging programs that inspire kids' love of reading. From storytimes to summer reading clubs, these activities get children excited about books in a way websites can't match. Libraries nurture the next generation of readers — we shouldn't abandon them yet.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll be exploring the dynamics of entrepreneurship, particularly focusing on whether entrepreneurs should collaborate with family members when starting a business or if it's preferable to avoid such partnerships. Many entrepreneurs face this dilemma due to the potential benefits of trust and shared vision with family, but also the risks of conflicts and business complications. What are your thoughts on this? Do you believe it's best for entrepreneurs to start a business with family members?

Claire:

I don't think it's a good idea for entrepreneurs to go into business with family members. While you may have trust and share the same vision, family members tend to think too much alike. This limits new perspectives and innovation. There's also a higher risk of conflicts and messy situations arising between relatives that could hurt the business. 

Andrew:

Working together with family members can really strengthen the family bond and shared goals. My uncle and cousins started a restaurant, and seeing them collaborate with that level of trust and commitment is inspiring. Though conflicts may arise, if you can resolve them, it'll make the family ties even stronger in the end.

Doctor Achebe:

People travel for many reasons. Traveling allows people to practice a different language, explore and admire new landscapes, and encounter other cultures. In the past, physical travel was the only practical way to experience the pleasures and benefits of traveling. Today, television and the Internet allow people to experience many aspects of distant places without leaving their homes. Do you believe that exploring other places through technology offers many of the same benefits as in-person travel? Why or why not?

Claire:

Absolutely, virtual travel offers many benefits of physical travel. Through the internet and TV, we can immerse ourselves in the sceneries, different cultures, and even pick up languages — all from home. lt's eco-friendly, cost-effective, and allows us to better prepare for an actual trip.

Andrew:

I don't believe exploring places through technology offers the same benefits as in-person travel. While virtual tours and online content give us a glimpse into different cultures, they fail to fully capture the sights, smells, sounds and feel of being there physically. lt's only a shallow substitute for the real thing.

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Doctor Achebe:

This week, we will be discussing space exploration. Some people think that it is a waste of money for governments to fund space exploration. Others disagree with this view arguing that space exploration is a valuable and necessary investment for our future. They think that it is worthy for governments to fund space exploration. l want to know what you think about this topic. Do you think that governments should fund space exploration? Why or why not?

Kelly:

I don't think that governments should fund space exploration because it will be too costly to build spaceships and develop related technologies. Though space exploration tech costs billions, it doesn't offer direct benefits to most people, which makes its funding a controversial issue.

Andrew:

Personally, l do think that all the costs will be worth it. The potential scientific discoveries and technological advancements could have far-reaching impacts that justify the initial investment. lmagine the new inventions that might come from this exploration. Such technology could greatly improve our everyday lives.

Doctor Diaz:

Starting this week, we are going to discuss the effect that pollution has on our environment. Specifically, we will focus on the pollution of waterways, which has caused significant health problems around the world. Large amounts of plastics, industrial waste, and trash pollute the oceans and rivers. l want you to consider the following question: How much can individuals help solve the water pollution problem compared with large institutions such as corporations and governments? Please explain your position.

Andrew:

Individual efforts will likely have little effect. lt is better to focus on large corporations that do the most damage to our waterways. Think of the oil companies that have spills and factory owners that dump chemicals into the waterways. Individuals pollute the water too, but companies have much more impact. Business leaders need to set examples for the community.

Claire:

I think individual people are the first step in solving the pollution problem. For example, when one person stops using harmful chemicals or helps clean up a local waterway, it can inspire others. They can use social media to spread the word and share examples of positive behavior. This can quickly become a grassroots movement for change.

Doctor Achebe:

We've been discussing business strategies and the attitudes of business people toward risk and opportunity, The scientist Albert Einstein once said that a person who never made a mistake never tried anything new. He was probably referring to physics, but l wonder how this attitude might apply to the business world. Do you think it is a good business strategy to take continual risks even though they might result in mistakes that could affect a company negatively?

Paul:

I think this strategy can easily backfire on a businessperson. I've seen companies conduct endless cycles of product enhancements in an effort to capture some other market share. But in reality, they just damage their own brand by sacrificing too much of the original content that made the product in the first place.

Claire:

I disagree with Paul. Most profitable businesses have used the strategy, or they would never made it to the top. lf you want to grow a business aggressively, some mistakes along the way are inevitable. Too much caution or too much emphasis on avoiding mistakes can really prevent growth.

Doctor Gupta:

Last week, we started talking about decisions that university administrators have to make regarding spending. They often need to decide how to allocate their funds, including renovating existing facilities, offering new amenities, and so on. For example, a university could spend money to upgrade a sports stadium, build a new performing arts center, or do a variety of other things. What is the most important thing university administrators should consider when making decisions regarding spending?

Paul:

I believe university administrators should prioritize students' opinions when deciding on spending. After all, students are the main source of the school's income. For instance, if the university wants to upgrade sports facilities but students are more interested in a new library or tech center, it makes sense to let students vote on it.

Claire:

University administrators should prioritize projects that can generate future revenue. For example, investing in a state-of-the-art research facility or tech incubator could attract more students and partnerships, leading to increased funding and grants. It's essential to consider not just the immediate benefits but also the long-term financial sustainability for the university.

Doctor Achebe:

Today's topic is about health and how people's health status has changed over time. Health has always been one of people's primary concerns in daily life. People in the past and people today view health somehow differently, but maintaining good health is always of central significance. Nowadays, thanks to modernization, quite some people think that it is easier to maintain good health today than in the past. What do you think and why do you think so?

Claire:

I agree that it is easier to maintain good health now. We have access to more information and resources than we previously had. With advances in medicine and technology, we can quickly identify health problems and have many more treatment options. Additionally, people now have a greater awareness of the importance of living a healthy life.

Paul:

I don't think that it is easier to maintain good health now. Despite all of the advances in medicine, technology, and health education, modern society is marked by unhealthy lifestyles, leading to increased rates of obesity, heart disease and other health problems. We have become more sedentary, with many people relying on cars instead of walking or biking.

Doctor Achebe:

In recent corporate strategies, we've observed a trend where companies are offering to pay for their employees’tuition fees or providing additional vacation time in exchange for the employees enrolling in further skills training courses, such as university programs. This approach is seen as a way to enhance the workforce's capabilities and foster a culture of continuous learning. What do you perceive as the most significant advantage or disadvantage of such a policy?

Andrew:

In my view, the downside of companies paying for employees' further education is that it could lead to increased turnover. lf workers gain new skills, they might feel empowered to seek better opportunities elsewhere. I've heard of cases where employees, after getting their degrees, decide to leave for more competitive roles or higher pay, which can be a significant loss for the company that invested in their education.

Claire:

I see a different angle on this policy of companies funding employee education. When a company invests in an employee's future, it sends a powerful message of value and sincerity. lt's like they're saying, "We believe in you and your growth." For me, that kind of commitment would make me feel more dedicated to the company.

Doctor Diaz:

Many areas are trying to reduce fossil fuel consumption because such fuel causes pollution and may contribute to climate change. To this end, some local governments want to find ways to encourage more people to use electric vehicles. In preparation for a class discussion on this issue, please post a response indicating what policy or initiative you would recommend that governments implement to encourage more use of electric vehicles. Please explain why you think so.

Kelly:

I live in an apartment building and would have difficulty charging anelectric vehicle at home. l think that governments should offer financial support to encourage places such as shopping districts to install a large number of charging stations, maybe even free ones, that the public could use.

Paul:

People in my city often deal with long commutes in heavy traffic. But if my local government could set aside lanes on the high-traffic roadways that only electric cars could use, that might encourage people to purchase such a vehicle because they would have shorter and easier commutes.

Doctor Achebe:

Recently, the town has decided to revoke the mandatory helmet-wearing rule for cyclists. This decision has sparked debate among residents. Some argue that it promotes freedom and convenience, while others express concerns about safety. Considering this, do you believe suburban governments should respond to citizens' demands to remove helmet regulations for cyclists? Why or why not?

Andrew:

I support the removal of helmet regulations for cyclists. Wearing a helmet is cumbersome and inconvenient, discouraging people from cycling altogether. Removing this requirement would likely encourage more people to choose cycling as a mode of transportation, promoting healthier and more environmentally friendly lifestyles.

Claire:

People should consider the implications of this policy. It's important to adhere to government regulations for safety reasons. Helmet laws are in place to protect cyclists from head injuries in case of accidents. So, even though some may view the removal of helmet regulations as promoting freedom, helmets keep you safe.

Doctor Achebe:

In recent years, there has been a significant integration of advanced machines and artificial intelligence (AI) into our daily lives and work environments. I would like you to reflect on the following question: Should we extend the same level of politeness and respect to AI and machines as we do to humans? Please provide your reasoning and discuss the potential consequences of adopting such an approach.

Andrew:

AI and robots play an integral role in our lives, assisting us in various tasks and making our lives easier. By treating them with respect, we not only acknowledge their contributions but also reflect positively on our own character. It's a small gesture that upholds our humanity and sets a standard for ethical interaction with technology.

Claire:

I think we don't need to treat AI and robots with the same politeness as we do humans. They are tools designed to assist us, and it's important to maintain that distinction. We should set clear guidelines and boundaries for their use to ensure they serve us effectively without overstepping their roles.

Doctor Diaz:

Recently, a number of large companies with many employees have needed to decide whether they should let their staff work away from the office. Some companies demand that employees work in the office. However, others allow some or all employees to work from home. Do you think that large companies should require all their employees to work in the office, or should employees be allowed to work from home, at least occasionally?

Claire:

Big companies should require all their workers to work in the office because it benefits the local economy. Employees who go into the office every day support a range of small businesses. For example, they may have lunch at a restaurant or do some shopping during their break time.

Paul:

Large employers should allow employees to work from home at least one or two days a week. Of course, employers must ensure that work is done, but keeping employees happy is important too. Working at home allows people to spend a little more time with their families or friends. l think flexibility is needed regarding where the work is done.

Doctor Diaz:

This week, we will be discussing the topic of workplace communication. In a company, effective communication between employees and supervisors is important. Some people believe that employees should communicate with supervisors daily to report on what's happening with their tasks; others think that communication with supervisors should be less frequent or only occur when facing a big problem. So, which way do you think is more beneficial for employees? Why?

Claire:

I believe that daily communication between supervisors and employees would greatly benefit the employees. By chatting regularly, supervisors can truly understand what is happening with the employees' tasks and make necessary adjustments. This communication can help employees grow in their jobs.

Paul:

I think less frequent communication with a supervisor is better. Daily feedback can sometimes hurt your confidence, especially if it's negative. Less frequent communication can actually make employees happier, more confident, and allow them to focus more on their work.

Doctor Diaz:

Many areas are trying to reduce fossil fuel consumption because such fuel causes pollution and may contribute to climate change. To this end, some local governments want to find ways to encourage more people to use electric vehicles. In preparation for a class discussion on this issue, please post a response indicating what policy or initiative you would recommend that governments implement to encourage more use of electric vehicles. Please explain why you think so.

Kelly:

I live in an apartment building and would have difficulty charging anelectric vehicle at home. l think that governments should offer financial support to encourage places such as shopping districts to install a large number of charging stations, maybe even free ones, that the public could use.

Paul:

People in my city often deal with long commutes in heavy traffic. But if my local government could set aside lanes on the high-traffic roadways that only electric cars could use, that might encourage people to purchase such a vehicle because they would have shorter and easier commutes.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we are discussing the social psychology of sports. We have learned that sports often have positive psychological effects on athletes, such as the members of sports teams. But how can we describe their effects on other groups of people, such as sports enthusiasts or sports fans? Consider the following question: When people spend a lot of time watching sports or following their favorite team, does it have a negative effect on their lives? Why or why not.

Claire:

I agree that focusing on sports too much can have negative impacts. For example, some people who like watching sports on television have few other interests. In fact, it seems like watching sports is all they're interested in. l sometimes find such people annoying because they care too much about things that don't matter.

Paul:

I am not sure what we mean by spending "a lot of time" following sports. But following sports has helped me in life. When l first met one of my best friends, Daphne, l started a conversation with her by saying something about a sports team l liked. Then we moved to other topics, but sports were a great conservation-starter.

Doctor Achebe:

Today, we'll be discussing a company's hiring strategies when hiring new employees, recruiters usually review resumes to learn about candidates. However, with social media becoming popular, some companies are trying new ways to find out more about candidates. Recruiters view what candidates post on social media, like Twitter, to see their personality and skills. This helps to see if they match with the company's culture and job requirements. Do you believe that checking a candidate's social media is a fair and effective way to evaluate if someone is right for the company? Why or why not?

Andrew:

This approach is fresh and interesting, but it has its drawbacks. Some candidates are super active on social media, while others rarely share anything. So, just looking at their online profiles might not give recruiters the whole story of what they're really like.

Claire:

I don't think this is a a great idea. What people share on their personal social media might not be related to their professional abilities or work ethics. Things like photos they've posted or comments they've made don't really help recruiters judge if they're suitable for the company.

Doctor Diaz:

Some educators think that in our global, tech-oriented world, students need to focus on nonfiction texts, such as news stories, technical manuals, or other informational materials. They say that reading poetry, novels, and short stories is not the optimal use of the limited time that students have in the classroom. How do you view this approach to education? Should schools limit the teaching of fictional texts in favor of teaching more practical, nonfiction texts?

Andrew:

Education has to evolve. Nowadays, there's an enormous amount of economic and political data freely available online. It's important that students can evaluate this information to understand local and world events in order to be good citizens. Reading fiction is a wonderful hobby, but school should prepare students for adult life and its responsibilities.

Claire:

I spent a lot of class time in high school analyzing literature. I'm studying to be an engineer, so l admit that reading fiction in school was not directly applicable to my future occupation, but it did instill in me a love of reading, which is very valuable. I feel better equipped now to understand all sorts of written material.

Doctor Gupta:

To continue our discussion of the health benefits of good nutrition, I'd like you to consider the broader topic of eating habits — not just what people eat and drink, but how often, how much, and when. Those who want to improve their health often begin by changing some kind of eating habit. This includes a wide range of behavior. What is one poor eating habit that would be important for most people to change, and why?

Kelly:

If people could start with one change to improve their eating habits, it would be to eat a better breakfast. Most people are so rushed in the morning that they don't take the time to sit down and eat a balanced meal. A good breakfast gives you more energy all day and keeps you from eating too much later on.

Andrew:

I think most people don't bother to learn much about the food that they eat. This ignorance is a kind of bad eating habit. lt can be burdensome, but you should try to read every food package label. The more you can learn about what you're putting in your body, the more likely you'll be to make good decisions.

Doctor Achebe:

Local governments have limited budgets to spend on enriching residents' lives. Supporting arts programs like concerts and museums offers cultural engagement, while funding recreational activities like hiking trails and parks promotes healthy lifestyles. As students who appreciate culture and wellness, let's discuss whether local funding should support arts programs or recreational activities more. Which do you think better serves the community and why?

Kelly:

I think local governments should prioritize spending on outdoor trails and parks rather than arts programs like museums and concerts. More people would use and benefit from improved recreation spaces than arts venues if fewer residents are interested in the arts, they won't attend museums or concerts even if government funds them.

Andrew:

I believe local governments should actually prioritize spending on arts programs like museums and concerts rather than recreation. Precisely because fewer residents are inherently interested in the arts, public funding is essential to sustain these cultural institution for the minority who appreciate them, Without support, access to the arts will decline and society will lose these enriching, enduring outlets for creative expression.

Doctor Achebe:

While owning lots of consumer products is believed to increase the quality of life these products can also impose responsibilities on those who own them. For example electronic devices, appliances, and vehicles require constant attention and regular maintenance. Possessions also need to be stored and organized, taking uptime and space. For these reasons some people argue that having many possessions can actual decrease the quality of life. Do you agree or disagree? Why?

Claire:

I totally agree that an excess of possessions can drag down our quality of life. just think about the time we spend organizing closets or garages. I spend hours every month sorting and storing clothes in my closet. This clutter and the time it takes to manage it can become overwhelming and detract from enjoying life.

Paul:

Just the thought of having to constantly worry about my gadgets, or even my car, needing maintenance gives me anxiety-- lt's like adding extra homework to life. Life often requires owning many things, but personally, l hate having to take care of them all or worry about them getting damaged or lost.

Doctor Achebe:

Imagine that you have just given a presentation to your classmates or coworkers and you want to know how well you performed. Which one of the following would better help you learn from your weaknesses (mistakes) and improve your skills for your next presentation? Why?

Student A:

Watching a recording of your presentation and working by yourself to identify your weaknesses.

Student B:

Having classmates or coworkers who attended your presentation identify your weaknesses and discuss them with you.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll be discussing the importance of college students' joining student clubs and organizations. Some people believe that joining these groups is beneficial for college students, while others believe that such involvement may have adverse effects on them. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should encourage or require college students to participate in at least one student club or organization. Why or why not?

Andrew:

I agree. By joining student clubs or organizations, students can get the opportunity to participate in a variety of activities that not only enrich their campus life but also bring them valuable practical experience. In addition, in these groups, students have the opportunity to meet friends who share similar interests and build strong friendships.

Claire:

I have a different opinion on this matter. I think that universities should not encourage or require students to participate in clubs and organizations, because such participation can often take up a lot of time. For those with heavy course loads, it may be difficult to find a balance between completing assignments and engaging in extracurricular activities.

Doctor Diaz:

This week, we are discussing companies' policy of promotion. Companies tend to value different things and set various criteria that may include employees' performance and achievements in their current roles, seniority within the company, years of experience in the field, or even leadership potential. In today's post, I would like you to discuss which criteria for promotion you see as the most important and explain why?

Andrew:

I believe that when considering promotions, managers should reward employees based on their seniority or how many years they have stayed with the company. By promoting employees who have been with the company longer than others, managers demonstrate that they value employee loyalty. This approach might discourage people from frequently changing jobs.

Claire:

I disagree with Andrew because having many years of work experience or company loyalty does not necessarily equate to better skills. In my opinion, it is more important to consider employees' job performance. If employees are excelling in their current roles, this indicates their readiness fo the next step in their careers.

Doctor Achebe:

In recent years, there has been a noticeable shift in the choices travelers make for their accommodations. Many are now opting for privately owned residences over traditional hotels. This change is reshaping the travel industry and creating a competitive landscape between these two types of lodging. Do you think the increased competition between privately owned residences and traditional hotels is a positive trend? Why or why not?

Kelly:

Yes, it benefits homeowners by providing them with an additional income stream. For travelers, it often means more affordable accommodation options. For instance, during my last vacation, I chose a privately owned residence and saved a significant amount compared to hotel prices. This trend enhances travel experiences while supporting local economies.

Paul:

No, I don't think it's a positive trend. Staying in hotels offers more opportunities to meet new people and socialize. I stayed at a hotel last year and met other travelers during breakfast and in common areas. This aspect of hotel stays can enhance the travel experience by fostering new connections.

Doctor Achebe:

Long school breaks offer students a valuable opportunity to rest and recharge. However, some educators believe that schools should assign work during these breaks to help students stay engaged with their studies and retain knowledge. What do you think? Should schools assign homework during long school breaks?

Kelly:

I think schools should assign some homework during long breaks, but it should be work that interests students and isn't boring. This way, students can stay engaged and reinforce what they've learned without feeling overwhelmed. This keeps learning fun while still helping them retain important knowledge during the break.

Paul:

I don't think schools should assign homework during long breaks because if students run into problems, they won't have access to teachers for help. If a student is struggling with a math problem and has no one to explain it, they might waste a lot of time without learning anything.

Doctor Achebe:

More and more, online shopping is becoming the primary way that many people obtain everyday goods. But what are the ramifications for the society in which we live? On the one hand, online shopping has advantages-for example, I can make a purchase without ever leaving my home. However, with fewer people shopping at local shops, in some places, these establishments are having a hard time competing. Do you think that online shopping is, on the whole, affecting society?

Andrew:

I think that online shopping has had negative impacts on society. In my city, many local stores have shelves filled with various products that you can find in online stores. This has forced some of them to close down, which not only affects the amount of tax revenue generated in our local community but also impacts the number of job opportunities available to the community members.

Kelly:

It's unfortunate that some local stores are forced to close down, but that's the nature of competition. As consumers, we benefit greatly from online shopping due to lower prices. Even if l find a physical store that can compete with online sellers in terms of pricing, I am still likely to make the purchase online because it means I don't have to spend money on transportation to the store.

Doctor Diaz:

This week we will discuss issues faced by secondary school administrators. I'm referring to schools for teenage students. One such issue is students who change schools. Students change schools for many different reasons, the most common being a family move. On the discussion board, I want you to exchange ideas about what schools can do to make the transition to a new school easier for teenagers.

Paul:

I think schools should assign new students a fellow student who can help them adjust. The "student buddy" can do things like make sure the new student can find the cafeteria or the right classrooms. For new students, it's a lot easier to ask a fellow student a question rather than ask a teacher or the principal.

Claire:

I would require new students to sign up for some school club or activity that meets outside of class. That way, new students would have an easy way to meet other students in a friendly environment. It would give them a group to immediately identify with.

Doctor Achebe:

We've been talking about the process of starting a new business. One of the most important aspects of the process is staffing-that is, deciding which people to hire. Please discuss the following question: is it better for new businesses to hire experienced veterans of the industry or to staff the business with younger employees who are right out of university? Why do you think so?

Claire:

I think a company should staff a business with the most experienced employees possible. If you're starting a new business, you need people around you who know what they are doing and can quickly get the business up to speed. Spending time training inexperienced people will slow you down.

Paul:

I understand what Claire is saying, but if you are starting a new business, you want people who are particularly enthusiastic and energetic. Who better than a recent graduate to bring those qualities to the job? You would be guaranteed an ambitious hard worker.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we are discussing the social psychology of sports. We have learned that sports often have positive psychological effects on athletes, such as the members of sports teams. But how can we describe their effects on other groups of people such as sports enthusiasts or sports fans? Consider the following question: When people spend a lot of time watching sports or following their favorite team, does it have a negative effect on their lives? Why or why not?

Claire:

I agree that focusing on sports too much can have negative impacts. For example, some people who like watching sports on few other interests. In fact. it seems like television have watching sports is all they're interested in. I sometimes find such people annoying because they care too much about things that don't matter.

Paul:

I am not sure what we mean by spending a lot of time following sports. But following sports has helped me in life. When I first met one of my best friends, Daphne, I started a conversation with her by saying something about a sports team l liked. Then we moved to other topics, but sports were a great conversation-starter.

Doctor Achebe:

Today, we will discuss a topic that is important for students and the public at large: namely, how to prioritize spending, given the limited funding available for schools. Some people think schools should spend more money on school teachers' salaries because it would attract more qualified individuals to the profession. On the other hand, others believe that the money should be allocated towards additional resources such as books and computers. Which viewpoint do you agree with and why?

Kelly:

I believe that increasing teachers' salaries will improve the quality of education. If they earn more money, people will consider teaching as viable profession rather than opting for private sector jobs. We need the brightest minds in the classrooms.

Paul:

I acknowledge that school teachers already earn a decent salary and provide high-quality education. I'm not certain how much of an impact increasing their salaries would have. Nonetheless, schools always require new equipment or facilities. Knowledge and technology are constantly evolving, and we need to prepare students with the most up-to-date materials possible.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll be exploring the dynamics of entrepreneurship, particularly focusing on whether entrepreneurs should collaborate with family members when starting a business or if it's preferable to avoid such partnerships. Many entrepreneurs face this dilemma due to the potential benefits of trust and shared vision with family, but also the risks of conflicts and business complications. What are your thoughts on this? Do you believe it's best for entrepreneurs to start a business with family members?

Claire:

I don't think it's a good idea for entrepreneurs to go into business with family members. While you may have trust and share the same vision, family members tend to think too much alike. This limits new perspectives and innovation. There's also a higher risk of conflicts and messy situations arising between relatives that could hurt the business.

Andrew:

Working together with family members can really strengthen the family bond and shared goals. My uncle and cousins started a restaurant, and seeing them collaborate with that level of trust and commitment is inspiring. Though conflicts may arise, if you can resolve them, it'll make the family ties even stronger in the end.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll be discussing solutions to air pollution. In today's world, excessive consumption and reliance on cars are contributing significantly to this issue. Many economists suggest that the government should increase fuel taxes for cars. By raising the cost of fuel, it's believed that this could discourage overuse of private vehicles and reduce air pollution. Do you agree with this approach? Should there be higher fuel taxes to prevent or combat air pollution? Why or why not?

Andrew:

I believe increasing the fuel tax for cars is a good idea. Cars are a main source of pollution; if the government does this, it could reduce the use of private cars and encourage people to switch to public transportation or other means like cycling. Furthermore, this could significantly decrease air pollution, leading to better public health and a cleaner environment.

Claire:

I disagree with increasing the car fuel tax. I feel that adding taxes for economic reasons feels somewhat like punishing the public, who are not directly responsible for this issue. So, increasing the tax would be meaningless. In other words, the solution should address the source of pollution more directly rather than simply making it more expensive for the general public to use their cars.

Doctor Achebe:

Local governments have limited budgets to spend on enriching residents' lives. Supporting arts programs like concerts and museums offers cultural engagement, while funding recreational activities like hiking trails and parks promotes healthy lifestyles. As students who appreciate culture and wellness, let's discuss whether local funding should support arts programs or recreational activities more. Which do you think better serves the community and why?

Kelly:

I think local governments should prioritize spending on outdoor trails and parks rather than arts programs like museums and concerts. More people would use and benefit from improved recreation spaces than arts venues if fewer residents are interested in the arts, they won't attend museums or concerts even if government funds them.

Andrew:

I believe local governments should actually prioritize spending on arts programs like museums and concerts rather than recreation. Precisely because fewer residents are inherently interested in the arts, public funding is essential to sustain these cultural institutions for the minority who appreciate them. Without support, access to the arts will decline and society will lose these enriching, enduring outlets for creative expression.

Doctor Diaz:

We have read studies that explain the negative impact of social media on both children and adults, Many believe that social media will remain widely used in the future, since it is both popular and useful in some contexts. However, due to the problems it poses, it should be regulated in some way. In your opinion, should governments regulate social media platforms or should social media companies regulate their platforms themselves? Why do you think so?

Andrew:

I believe social media companies should regulate themselves. There are plenty of social media platforms on the market, so the competition is tough. For example, to appeal to parents, a social media platform could publicize that they have stringent regulations for children's use of the platform. In this way, it could attract more users who care about children's safety.

Claire:

Social media companies should be taking an active role in combating the negative effects, but that is not really happening. l hear many stories of false information spreading around, sometimes causing irreparable damage to people's reputations. Therefore, the government should put stricter regulations on the companies, and they should be punished for not following the rules.

Doctor Achebe:

With the widespread use of technology, some people believe that long exposure to digital devices will have a bad influence on the brain development of children. Do you think technology has made children less creative than they were in the past? Why?

Claire:

By providing access to a vast array of information and resources, technology can expose children to diverse viewpoints, cultures, and experiences that they might not encounter otherwise. This exposure is instrumental in fostering creativity in young minds.

Andrew:

With the rise of screen time and structured activities, children may have less time to engage in imaginative play and exploration, which can limit their opportunities to exercise their creativity.

Doctor Achebe:

Let's explore the concept of retail and its variations. In the world of retail, there's a unique type where a wide array of products are housed under one roof, allowing for wholesale purchases. This brings us to the idea of super stores. On the other end, we have small stores catering to specific needs. Now, considering these options, which one do you think holds more advantages for people? Would the convenience of super stores outweigh the personal touch of small stores?

Claire:

In my opinion, super stores hold an edge over small stores due to their wide-ranging product choices, extended hours, and cost-saving options. As a student juggling classes and activities, the convenience of finding everything under one roof and the potential for bulk discounts make superstores a practical choice. While small stores offer a personal touch, the efficiency and budget-friendly nature of super stores align better with my busy college lifestyle.

Andrew:

In my view, small stores outweigh super stores, mainly due to the emphasis on personalized service and repairs. The direct assistance and expertise offered by small stores are invaluable, especially when it comes to electronics or gadgets that might need fixing. While super stores provide convenience, the hands-on support and tailored solutions from small stores align better with my college experience and budget considerations.

Doctor Achebe:

Today, we will discuss a topic that is important for students and the public at large: namely, how to prioritize spending, given the limited funding available for schools. Some people think schools should spend more money on school teachers' salaries because it would attract more qualified individuals to the profession. On the other hand, others believe that the money should be allocated towards additional resources such as books and computers. Which viewpoint do you agree with?

Claire:

I believe that increasing teachers' salaries will improve the quality of education. If they earn more money, people will consider teaching as a viable profession rather than opting for private sector jobs. We need the brightest minds in the classrooms.

Andrew:

I think schoolteachers already make enough money and already deliver high-quality education. I'm not sure that increasing their salaries would have much effect. However, schools are always in need of new equipment or facilities. Knowledge and technology are always growing and changing, and we need to prepare students with the most up-to-date materials possible.

Doctor Achebe:

In recent years, there has been a decline in the popularity of classical music, particularly among young adults (18-25). Classical music now often competes with more contemporary genres for attention. What do you think is the most effective way to reignite an interest in classical music among younger generations? Please provide reasons for our answer.

Claire:

One way to get young adults interested in classical music is through more media coverage. Newspapers, TV shows, and online platforms could highlight classical music events, feature popular musicians, or discuss its cultural significance. This would raise awareness and make classical music more visible.

Paul:

I think we can hold concerts in public places like shopping malls. These events would expose people to classical music in a casual, everyday setting. Someone walking by might stop to listen, and it could spark their interest. By bringing classical music directly to the public, we can make it more accessible and engaging for younger audiences.

Doctor Gupta:

We've been talking about different parenting practices, especially in terms of how much independence children should have. One example is providing pocket money, which is a small amount of money given to children each week. Some parents support giving their children pocket money, while other parents do not see a benefit to this practice. What do you think? Should parents give children pocket money? Why or why not?

Claire:

Personally, I believe children should be given pocket money because it helps them put their math skills to use. In the classroom, math might seem meaningless to children. But if their parents give them ten dollars to spend, they suddenly have a reason to practice doing mental calculations to see if they can afford what they want.

Andrew:

I do not support giving children pocket money. Such a practice creates fertile ground for arguments between parents and children. If, for example, children find out that they get a smaller amount of money than their friends do, this difference will only cause tension at home. To avoid family disagreements, no pocket money should be given.

Doctor Gupta:

We have read studies that explain the negative impact of social media on both children and adults. Many believe that social media will remain widely used in the future, since it is both popular and useful in some contexts, but because of the problems it poses, it should be regulated in some way. In your opinion, should governments regulate social media platforms, or should social media companies regulate their platforms themselves? Why do you think so?

Andrew:

I believe social media companies should regulate themselves. There are plenty of social media platforms on the market, so the competition is tough. For example, to appeal to parents, a social media platform could publicize that they have stringent regulations for children's use of the platform, and in this way it could attract more users who care about children's safety.

Claire:

Social media companies should be taking an active role in combating the negative effects, but that is not really happening. I hear many stories of false information spreading around, sometimes causing irreparable damage to people's reputations. Therefore, the government should put stricter regulations on the companies, and they should be punished for not following the rules.

Doctor Diaz:

In today's world, we have various ways to stay informed about current events. Traditional sources like television and newspapers have long been trusted by many, providing detailed and well-researched news. However with the rise of social media, an increasing number of people are turning to these platforms for quick and accessible updates. Which do you think is a better source of news: traditional outlets like television and newspapers, or social media?

Claire:

I believe social media is a better source of news because it provides quick updates. For example, during breaking news events, social media platforms often deliver information faster than traditional outlets like newspapers or television. This immediate access allows people to stay informed in real-time.

Paul:

I think traditional news sources are better because they tend to be more accurate. Television, for instance, not only provides well-researched reports but also offers visuals that help viewers understand the story better. Social media might be faster, but it often lacks the depth and verification traditional sources provide.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we are discussing the social psychology of sports. We have learned that sports often have positive psychological effects on athletes, such as the members of sports teams. But how can we describe their effects on other groups of people, such as sports enthusiasts or sports fans? Consider the following question: When people spend a lot of time watching sports or following their favorite team, does it have a negative effect on their lives? Why or why not?

Claire:

I agree that focusing too much on sports can have negative impacts. For example some people who like watching sports on television have few other interests. In fact, it seems like watching sports is all they're interested in. Sometimes I find such people annoying because they care too much about things that don't matter.

Paul:

I am not sure what we mean by spending "a lot of time" following sports. But following sports has helped me in life. When I first met one of my best friends, Daphne, I started a conversation with her by mentioning a sports team I liked. Then we moved on to other topics but sports were a great conversation starter.

Doctor Diaz:

We've been discussing government budgets and the difficult decisions governments must make regarding the use of public funds. Some services are clearly essential and must be paid for by any government. But what about public funding of the arts? Do you believe that governments should provide financial support to artists-for example painters, sculptors, musicians, or filmmakers? Why or why not?

Claire:

I enjoy art as much as anyone does, but public funds come from taxes, and I don't think tax payers' hard-earned money should be spent on impractical or inessential items and services. Artists should support themselves by selling their work to private individuals and companies. lf they can't find enough buyers, then maybe they should change careers.

Paul:

Personally I think art actually is essential. Lots of public spaces in my hometown just wouldn't be the same without artwork. From statues in public parks to murals painted on the walls of government buildings, my hometown really benefits from funding the artists who created these works. The public spaces are simply more enjoyable for visitors because of the artwork.

”

Doctor Achebe:

Let's explore the dynamics of social interactions and their impact on our well-being. Socializing in smaller groups versus larger circles can have varying effects on one's health and happiness. Some argue that smaller groups foster deeper connections allowing for more meaningful interactions and a sense of closeness. Conversely, large friend circles offer diversity and exposure to different perspectives. Which do you think contributes more to a person's health and happiness: spending time with a close-knit few or a larger group of friends?

Andrew:

Developing strong bonds with a few close friends fosters deeper connections and enhances emotional support. These intimate relationships often lead to increased trust and understanding, allowing for genuine empathy and shared experiences. Small friend groups offer a sense of security and authenticity in interactions, promoting mental well-being.

Claire:

Having a wide circle of friends offers diverse perspectives and experiences, enriching one's social life. Numerous friendships provide a larger support network, creating opportunities for various activities and interests. Engaging with a larger group cultivates adaptability, social skills, and exposure to different cultures or ideas, contributing to personal growth.

Doctor Achebe:

In recent years, the rise of artificial intelligence has introduced Al generators to draft essays and articles. While some people believe this is a valuable tool that can help writers save time and enhance their creativity, others argue that relying on Al undermines the development of writing skills and critical thinking. Do you think Al generators should be restricted? Please explain your reasoning.

Claire:

I think Al generators should be restricted, mainly due to the high risk of plagiarism. Since Al doesn't always cite its sources, writers could unintentionally use ideas from others without proper attribution. For example, relying too much on Al could result in students facing academic penalties if their work is flagged for unoriginal content.

Andrew:

I believe Al generators should continue to be used because they help writers focus on polishing their work rather than getting stuck on initial drafts. From my experience, Al can highlight mistakes or improve structure. It allows me to spend more time refining their ideas, ultimately producing higher-quality essays.

Doctor Achebe:

In this unit, we will be learning about effective strategies for increasing student motivation. Let's begin by discussing one common concern shared by many high school teachers: some of their students typically aged 14 to 18, seem to be bored or uninterested in learning. In your view, what strategy should teachers use to increase high school students interest in learning? Please explain why you think this one particular strategy will be effective.

Clarie:

I believe teachers should incorporate more group work activities into their lessons. While completing tasks in groups or teams, students will have an opportunity to share their opinions and learn from their peers. Having a sense of belonging is important to teenagers, so being part of a team will likely make them more interested in learning.

Kelly:

In my opinion, teachers should explain how the lessons they teach in the classroom have a connection to events in the world outside high school. Students will likely become more interested in learning once they understand that the lessons can help them be better prepared for future university studies and work.

Doctor Achebe:

This week, we'll be looking at what governments around the world are doing to improve transportation in large cities. Some governments are expanding roadways - adding lanes to highways, widening other heavily used routes, and even constructing new roads. Other governments are focusing on improvements to public transportation by modernizing existing train and bus systems. Which approach do you think should be the priority in large cities? Why?

Kelly:

Focusing on public transportation makes the most sense. There is already so much traffic on the roads. Better-quality bus and train services would help reduce the congestion problem by motivating more people to take public transit, which would lead to fewer cars on the road.

Andrew:

Unfortunately, it could take years to modernize a public transit system. If governments want to more quickly see improvements in transportation, it would be better to focus first on upgrading roadways to handle more traffic. This would make car trips more efficient because drivers would spend less time in traffic each day.

Doctor Achebe:

Next week, we are going to talk about ways to evaluate online sources of information. As you know, while there is a lot of information available on the Internet, it is not all equally reliable. Not all the information you find on websites is accurate, and some of it is even intentionally misleading. When looking for information online, what do you think is the best way to determine whether the information is accurate and truthful?

Kelly:

If l need to be sure information is accurate, l consult scholarly, peer-reviewed sources like academic journals. lf other experts have reviewed the information and approved it, then I know it is likely to be reliable. lf l have any doubts, l can always ask my professors.

Andrew:

While l agree with Kelly to an extent, not all the information you need is available in academic journals. If l need more general information online, l consider the source who posts the information to the site. Do they have anything to gain from presenting inaccurate information-for example, are they selling a product related to the topic? Asking these kinds of questions is important.

Doctor Achebe:

Let's continue talking about consumer behavior. We have been discussing different ways people go about choosing what products to buy, and there are many potential sources of information and advice for consumers. In your opinion, which is the better strategy for making purchasing decisions, relying on advice from friends and family, or depending on information from online sources? Why?

Claire:

Asking friends and family members for product recommendations might seem like an easier option, but it might take too much time to get all the information you need. An internet search would be much more efficient. There are many consumer magazines available online that compile lots of data to compare the advantages and disadvantages of one product versus another.

Paul:

The last time I bought a computer, I just watched a few videos online to make a decision, and now l regret that. My friends could have advised me better because they know my preferences and the kind of features that I am interested in. Consumers should get advice from the people around them to find the most suitable products.

Doctor Achebe:

In our upcoming lesson, we will explore the evolution of public health and its impact on the well-being of individuals. Considering the significant progresses we've made in healthcare and nutrition, as well as the ongoing challenges such as sedentary lifestyles and stress, I'd like you to reflect on the following question: Do you believe that people are generally healthier now than they were in the past? why or why not?

Paul:

I believe that people are generally healthier today than they were in the past, and the advancements in medical care play a significant role in longer life expectancy. With the development of new drugs and treatments, we're able to combat illnesses that were once fatal, such as varous forms of cancer and heart diseases.

Claire:

While it's true that we've made incredible strides in healthcare and nutrition, the lifestyle-related health issues we face today were less common in the past. lt's not just about medical advancements; it's about how we live our lives day to day. The quality of life is being compromised by our poor eating and exercise habits.

Doctor Gupta:

Let's discuss the role that being on a sports team plays in a child's development. Many argue that playing a team sport, such as basketball, football or baseball, is an important experience that all children can benefit from on different ways. Conversely, others feel that the focus on team sports for children does more harm than good. What do you think? Is participating in team sports important for a child's development? why or why not?

Kelly:

Of course, children should participate in team sports! Not everyone is a great student. Formany children, team sports are a chance to excel and build their confidence. They canrecognize the importance of working hard to accomplish a goal, and this can transfer toother aspects of their lives.

Claire:

I don't think participating in team sports is always a good thing. One reason is the badbehavior of parents during their children's competitions. Too many parents get overlyinvested and want to win more than their children do. To that end, they will argue withsports officials and referees and set a bad example for their children.

Doctor Gupta:

We are looking this week at different ways businesses market their products and services, especially nontraditional methods. One thing that marketers pay close attention to is online reviews of their products. A business might include customer reviews on their website or carefully monitor the reviews on third-party sites. l would like you to discuss your own experiences with online reviews. Do you find them useful when deciding whether or not to buy a product or service? Why or why not?

Claire:

I think online reviews are a great source of information because they are written by ordinary customers who are like me. For instance, when l read a restaurant review by a professional food critic. l'm not interested in some of the details that are included, like how the food is prepared. l'm more interested in aspects like the quality of the food and the service, which regular customers usually comment on.

Andrew:

To me, online reviews have some real problems. First, people are more likely to post reviews after a bad experience than after a good one. As a result, what you read is often weighted toward the negative. Also, you have no way of knowing whether reviewers know what they are talking about or even if they actually bought and used the product they are reviewing.

Doctor Gupta:

We have recently read in our textbook that local or regional governments often need to reduce the amount of money budgeted in some areas in response to economic shortfalls. For instance, a city council may make the difficult decision to spend less on a certain public service for its residents. In your view, in what one or two areas should local or regional governments reduce spending when budget cuts are necessary? Why?

Claire:

My city has a lot of parks that require a lot of upkeep. lf there's a need to reduce expenses, the city could make changes to the parks that make them less expensive to maintain. For example, grass lawns, which need to be cut weekly, could be replaced with other plant species that do not need to be cut frequently.

Paul:

Last time l went to City Hall to take care of some business. l saw a lot of employees standing around and doing nothing. l think the local government may be employing too many workers. It was just an impression I had, but l wonder if this is something that should be reviewed.

Doctor Gupta:

Ensuring that high school students get the education they need is challenging. Some educators are recognizing that regular classes at school may not be enough to prepare students for careers and for life. Because of this, they recommend that all high school students be required to spend a specific number of hours learning useful skills outside school. Others think that this requirement is not appropriate for all students. Which view do you agree with? Why?

Claire:

I think high school students should not be required to learn skills outside school. Schoolwork is already overwhelming for many, with exams, projects, and extracurriculars. Adding more would create unnecessary stress. Life skills can be learned after graduation when students have moretime to focus on personal growth.

Andrew:

I believe high school students should be required to learn practical skills outside school. Many lack basic skills like cooking or managing money, which can lead to problems later in life. A friend of mine struggled in college because he didn't know how to budget. lf he had learned these skills earlier, he could have avoided unnecessary stress and debt.

Doctor Gupta:

Studying is an essential part of academic success, but the approach to studying can vary significantly among individuals. Some students prefer studying in groups, believing it allows for collaboration, idea-sharing, and mutual support. Others find studying alone more effective because it offers fewer distractions and enables a personalized learning pace. Which do you think is more effective: studying in groups or studying alone?

Claire:

I think studying in groups is more effective because it helps build good study habits and prevents procrastination. When l study with others, we set specific goals for each session, which keeps everyone focused and accountable. It's a great way to stay on track and productive.

Paul:

I prefer studying alone because it lets me focus completely without distractions. For example, when l study by myself, l can tailor my pace and methods to what works best for me. Group settings sometimes slow me down or veer off-topic. While collaboration has benefits, l find solo studying more efficient, especially when preparing for exams or tackling challenging subjects.

Doctor Achebe:

This week we are talking about how different cities choose to either preserve or replace older, historic buildings. Some cities have strict rules about preserving older buildings and homes, especially those with historic architecture. Others tend to encourage new construction to replace structures that are aging and decaying. Should cities try to save historic buildings or replace them with more modern ones?

Paul:

I think the preservation of old historic buildings involves a lot of problems, especially in densely populated cities. In modern cities, land is very valuable, and old buildings just do not provide as much living and working space as modern high-rise buildings. Also, they were not built to modern standards, so they may waste energy through inefficient heating and cooling.

Kelly:

It's important to preserve historic buildings. Keeping original architecture helps preserve a city's culture. Even on the practical side, most big cities get an economic benefit from tourism, and historic buildings like hotels and theaters are big attractions. Who wants to visit a city where all the buildings are glass and steel and look like buildings in every other city?

Doctor Diaz:

Today we will discuss a topic that is important for students and the public at large: namely, how to prioritize spending, given the limited funding available for schools. Some people think schools should spend more money on schoolteachers' salaries because, if the salaries improved, more qualified people will be attracted to the profession. Others believe the money should be spent on additional resources such as books and computers. Which viewpoint do you agree with and why?

Kelly:

I believe that increasing schoolteachers' pay would increase the quality of education. lf they made more money, people would consider teaching as a profession instead of going into private industry. We need our smartest people in the classroom.

Paul:

I think schoolteachers already make enough money and already deliver high-quality education. I'm not sure that increasing their salaries would have much effect. However, schools are always in need of new equipment or facilities. Knowledge and technology are always growing and changing, and we need to prepare students with the most up-to-date materials possible.

Doctor Diaz:

This week, we are discussing companies' policy of promotion. Companies tend to value different things and set various criteria may include employees' performance and achievements in their current roles, seniority within the company, years of experience in the field, or even leadership potential. In today's post, I would like you to discuss which criteria for promotion you see as the most important and explain why?

Andrew:

I believe that when considering promotions, managers should reward employees based on their seniority or how many years they have stayed with the company. By promoting employees who have been with the company longer than others, managers demonstrate that they value employee loyalty. This approach might discourage people from frequently changing jobs.

Claire:

I disagree with Andrew because having many years of work experience or company loyalty does not necessarily equate to better skills. In my opinion, it is more important to consider employee's job performance. If exployees are excelling in their current roles, this indicates their readiness for the next step in their careers.

Doctor Diaz:

Today we will discuss an important topic in secondary education: oral (spoken) presentations. In many courses, high school students are required to research a topic and then make an oral presentation about the topic to classmates. Some people believe it is important for students to be able to speak about what they have learned instead of just writing about it. What do you think? Is it a good idea for secondary teachers to assign oral presentations? Why or why not?

Kelly:

Most high school students would be happy if their teachers assigned no oral presentations, but I believe it is crucial for students to learn public speaking skills. In being required to speak in front of classmates, students can demonstrate how they are able to engage with an audience — and, thus, they will master a critical personal and job skill.

Paul:

I think secondary teachers should not require students to make oral presentations. Many people do not really need to develop public speaking skills because most jobs do not require workers to speak before large groups of coworkers. So by giving oral presentations, students may acquire a skill that is not particularly valuable.

Doctor Diaz:

This week's course materials will focus on scientific discoveries. While scientific researchers usually prefer to share what they learn with other scientists, many businesses and governments keep certain scientific discoveries secret. Some people believe that all scientific discoveries should be shared freely among scientists all around the world and that governments and businesses should not keep any discoveries secret. What do you believe and why?

Kelly:

I don't think all discoveries should be shared. Businesses. for example, often spend a lot of money on scientific research in order to make a discovery that can lead to profit. Even if that discovery benefits everyone, the business has a right to keep the discovery secret so that it can develop a profitable product from the research.

Paul:

Sharing knowledge is crucially important to most scientists. Scientists usually publish the details of their discoveries in scientific journals, which means that everyone can see what the scientists have accomplished. Being recognized as the person who made a discovery is the biggest reward for any scientist. When scientists keep their discoveries secret, they lose that recognition. That is very unsatisfying.