【优质课逐字稿】第十七届教师基本功大赛现场授课一等奖-人教版必修一 选必二 Unit 1 读思课

大家好，我是Kethrine。今天要分享的是优质课听课笔记，来自第十七届全国高中教师教学基本功大赛——福建 张璐老师的现场授课，授课内容为：第十七届教师基本功大赛现场授课 人教版 必修一 选必二 Unit 1 John Snow Defeats “King Cholera。张老师很会引导， 感染力很强， 获得了一等奖。授课视频来自B站。逐字稿是我自己敲出来的，分享旨在一起学习，请勿商用，侵删~

第十七届教师基本功大赛现场授课 人教版 必修一 选必二

Unit 1 John Snow Defeats “King Cholera

福建 张璐

T: Good afternoon, everyone.  S: Good afternoon, Ms. Zhang.

T: Nice to see you  S: Nice to see you, too.

T: OK, at the beginning of this lesson, I'd like you to look at this picture, who is she?

S: Tu Youyou.

T: What did she discover?

S: Artemisinin

T: Yeah, Artemisinin. Do you remember how she discovered Artemisinin?  Now let’s review the process, OK?    

Now, look at this picture, each year many people die from malaria. So with this problem in mind, Tu Youyou wondered, what is the effective treatment? She asked a question, and then she and her team members decided to review the traditional Chinese medical texts, and then what is she doing?

T:Yes, Actually she is doing an experiment, right? So after the experiment, she collects many data or statistics, you know “statistics”? “statistics”, it means that information showing numbers or we can call it “data”. Now, after collecting the data, they made an analysis, and they found an extract from one wood may work. And then, what are they doing? Yeah, they test, right? They test. They tested the medicine whether the medicine is effective enough.

So with this supporting evidence, they can finally concluded that Artemisinin is the effective treatment.

T: You see, actually, the process is about how Tu Youyou discovered Artemisinin is the usage of steps of scientific research. Now can you place the stages in order according to the process? Which one should to be put first?    

S:Find a problem.

T:Find a problem, yes, find a problem. And then?

S:Ask a question

T:Yes, ask a question. And after that?

S: Think of a method

T: Yeah, think of a method. And then they need to collect the data. You know “data”?

S: Yes

T: Yes. Then with this data, they ?

S: Analyze the results.

T: Yeah, they analyze the results. And after that?

S: Find supporting evidence.

T: Yeah, they find supporting evidence. And finally they could?    

S: Draw a conclusion

T: yeah, they could draw a conclusion, that's good. They could draw a conclusion.

Today we are going to learn a great scientist who also used the stages of scientific research to solve a tough problem and save many lives. Who is he?

S: John Snow

T: Yes, John Snow Then what problem did he solve? He solved a problem about? about what? Now Let's read the first paragraph again and find the information about who John Snow was and what cholera was? Have a quick look at the first paragraph.

T: Ok, any volunteer? Who wants to have a try? This boy, have a try. who was John Snow?

S: A British doctor.

T: Yes, a British doctor, right? And then what about cholera?

S: It is a illness caused several ...

T: it used to be one of the most diseases right? That’s good, thank you, sit down, please. So we know John Snow was a famous doctor, right? And what did he desire to do in the first paragraph? what did he desire to do? He desired to?

S: Destroy cholera once and for all.    

T: Destroy cholera once and for all.

T: Then what kind of person was he? You see, pay some attention to the details, like “even”, you know he is a famous doctor, who could even look after the queen! Then what kind of doctor was he? He was so? He could look after the queen.

S: Famous

T: Famous, yes, anything else? What about his medical skills? medical skills? You know he could look after the queen.So he is not a common doctor. He is famous and outstanding, right? He has outstanding medical skills, you know “outstanding”? And now pay attention to the second “even”, you know cholera could even cause death. Millions of people die from the disease, then what kind of disease was cholera? It could cause death. So it was really? Once again? severe, right? Yes, it is severe, it is really terrible, and can even cause death. So we can use this word,deadly”, it is a deadly disease. But even it is really deadly, but John Snow still desired to destroy it. Was he frightened? No, he was not frightened, so he was really?    

S: Brave

T: Yes, brave, he is really brave. He has courage, right? Now pay attention to these words like “severe”, you know severe? S: 严重的

T: yes, 严重的, so it means serious, right? Then what about “ once and for all”?  S: 彻底

T: yes, 彻底,right? so he desired to destroy cholera completely and forever. You know at that time, no one knew how to treat cholera, and no one knew the cause of cholera, But John snow wanted to do something big. He want to destroy it forever. What kind of person is he? Destroy it forever.

S: Ambitious.

T: Yes, ambitious. That's a good word. Ambitious. You know  “ambitious”? Yes, 雄心壮志的。

Now, based on the analysis of the first paragraph, can you predict what would happen next? You see, from the first paragraph, we know what cholera was, and who John Snow was ? That's the background information of the story. What will happen next？pay attention to the ending or the first paragraph. The ending. It said John Snow wanted to destroy cholera, right? So the next part may be about?    

S: How

T: Yes, how, that boy , you are really smart. Next part may be about how. Pay attention to the key words or sentences of each paragraph. If there is no key word or the topic sentence, try to summarize the main idea of each paragraph, ready? Go! Look through the whole passage.

T: Finished? Let’s have a try? Anybody wants to have a try? OK, this girl. Have a try. Paragraph 2

S: Paragraph 2

T: Use the microphone, OK?

S: John Snow investigate the proof of the second theory.

T: Yeah, the two theories, right? That’s good. What about para 3?

S: Para 3 is John Snow found the reason of cholera.    

T: Found the reason of cholera. The source, right?

S: Yes.

T: She said in para 3 John Snow found the cause of cholera, right? So it is about the process, that is good. What about para 4?

S: What caused the cholera?

T: What caused the cholera. That’s the truth, right? You really do a good summary, what about the last part? 

S: I think it summarize John Snow’s efforts.

T: summarize John Snow’s efforts, right?

S: Yes.

T: Good points, thank you, sit down, please. So let’s see the main idea of each part. In paragraph 2, it talks about two contradictory theories. In para 3, it talks about John Snow found the cause of cholera, so we can call it the process. In para 4, that’s the truth. And last part it talks about John Snow’s effects, so we can call it the results. So you see, in these 5 paras, we can combine para2 and para3 into HOW, right? Among those parts, which part is the most important one? HOW, right? So let’s focus on para 2. Now have a quick look at and told me: What were the two contradictory theories? Which one did John Snow subscribe to?

Have a quick look. This boy, use the microphone.

S: The first one is bad air caused disease.    

T: yes, bad air caused disease, right? speak loudly, what about the second one?

S: The second one is infection from food and water.

T: Yes, that’s good. Infection from germs , thank you, sit down , please.

T: So we can call it Miasma Theory and Germ Theory. Here Miasma means bad air, so it refers to the bad air theory. Then which one did John Snow subscribe to?

S: The second.

T: Yeah, the second one.

T：So you see the two theories are completely different, so here “contradictory” means what? Yeah, it means they are “totally different”. Then what about “subscribe to”? what does it mean? 赞同;同意， right？It means he agrees with, he supports this one. Then at that time which theory was more popular? Let’s watch a short video to see which theory was more popular at that time.    

Now tell me which one was more popular at that time.

S: The first one

T: the first one, right? Miasma Theory. Then John Snow subscribed to the second one.So he didn't give in to others, right? He dared to question others’ opinion. Then what kind of person was he? Someone who insisted on his own opinions. Someone who dare to question others. So we can say he has? this boy have a try.What kind of person was John Snow?

S: I’m sorry, Ms Zhang, I don’t know, but my friend can help me.

T: OK, which one is your friend? Ask for your friend’s support.

S: He has critical thinking.

T: Yeah, He has critical thinking. Do you know critical thinking?

S: And questioning mind.

T: questioning mind.That is really a good point. Boy, you are really great. Thank you, sit down, please. You are really a good friend also.

Now let’s pay attention to this sentence: It was correct, but he still needed proof. Here “it” refers to what? Do you find the sentence？John Snow subscribed to the second one, it was correct, so “it” refers to? The girl, have a try?    

S: second theory.

T: yes, second theory. It was correct. Who said it was correct? The author said？John Snow said? You are not sure, right? OK, thank you , sit down, please. You know in your opinion, which one is correct? The second one, right? You know the second one was correct, just like the author, the author see the problem from the perspective of a personalities. We now know the second one is correct, but at that time was John Snow sure about the second one was correct? No, he was not sure. So he still needed proof. So here comes to the first step -- Find a problem. To find a problem, he needs to ask a question. Then what question did he ask? Pay attention to “why”?  Why?  Do you find a sentence about why? Yes, why cholera was so severe in the two streets, right? Here he asked a question,then he needed to? Find a method. Then what method did he use?  what method did he use? He used a map, right,  He used a map, now let’s focus on this map.    

T: First, pay attention to this part, you see, the short black line refers to the death. So more black lines, more death. Now focus on the Broad Street, and tell me which household has more death?

S: 37,38,40, and 16

T: Yes,37,38,40, and 16. Why did they have so many deaths?

S: They were near the water pump.

T: They were near the water pump, which means people in those households drank water from the pump, right? Then what about those four households?

S: No death.

T: You see these households have no death, right? Why? This boy, use the microphone

S: These people lived in the pub.    

T: Yes, that good, sit down, please. Actually, they drank in the pub, so they didn’t drink the water from the pump, right? You see, except those households, there were also 28,27, etc. Those households also has no death. Can you find the answer? Why those households also have no death?

Actually the passage didn’t tell us the answer, right. You can’t find out the answer. So John Snow could suspect, you know” suspect”? So he doubted that , it was just an assumption. He needs to find more? You see, next, he needed to find ,ore supporting evidence, right? to support his opinion. So in this process, the numbers are actually about how he collected the data and analyze the results. Now let’s see more details on paragraph 3. The first one--suspected--it was assumption. Then what supporting evidence did he find? what is the supporting evidence? para 3? This girl, have a try.    

S: I don’t know what is the meaning?

T：他的支持性的论据是什么，怀疑这个观点之后，他的支持性论据，supporting evidence.

S: In other part of London, the woman and her daughter died because they drank many water.

T: Many water, much water, right? much water from the pump.That's good. Thank you sit down, please. You really did a good job. Next time, you can be more confident, okay? So the supporting evidence is that the woman and her daughter also die because they still drunk the water from the pump, right? Then with this supporting evidence, they could finally draw a conclusion, right? Now pay attention to this word “announce” so what was this conclusion, conclusion? Can you find a conclusion? The boy have a try. What's the conclusion? You don't find it. Okay, maybe you need more time. You see, as a result of this evidence, right? So his conclusion was pump water carried cholera right?. Now, after making this conclusion, what did he do? He had the handle of the pump removed. It could not be used. So he took action, and then finally, the disease was stopped. That's the result. So you can see the conjunction words divided the part into 4 parts. And they made this paragraph more logic, right? So in this process, John snow take step by step to find the course of cholera. Scientifically research is not an easy task. You have to finish it step by step. You can't finish them overnight. I mean you cannot finish them suddenly or quickly, so John snow was really? You know this word?  Rigorous 严谨的, right?  scientific research requires to be rigorous.    

Now let's pay attention to paragraph 4 and paragraph 5. You see, in paragraph 3, we know John snow has stopped the disease. Then did he just stop here? Did he just stop here? No. Was it later you find this word? Later. So he insisted on what his research. He did something more, right? Not like this word. tireless efforts. He didn't give up halfway. He insisted on doing something more. Then what kind of person was he? Someone who insist on doing something more?  persistent. That's good, a persistent. And the paragraph 5, there is a word “transform”. Do you know “transform”? Change. It may change. He changed the way scientists study disease. Which means he used a different way. He knew a new way, right? Now, what kind of person was he? Innovative. Yes. That's good, innovative. He has innovation. He used a new way. Now, based on your understanding of this passage, can you make a title for this passage, you see there are two main characters in this passage. One is John Snow, the other one is cholera. So your title should include these two characters. You can discuss with your partner, make a title with a part discuss with your partner.    

The girl, have a try. What kind of title will you give? Speak loudly. Okay.

S: John snows achievement of overcoming the cholera

T:John snow achievements of overcome. Yes, she said John snow’s Achievement over come in cholera. Right? You use a word achievement. Do you think the title is proper? Okay, thank you. Sit down, please. Achievement this what? Achievement. Yes, 成就. So she said the title should be the John Snow's achievement. I think she really catch the point, right? The the passage mainly talks about her achievement. That's good. I think that's proper. And any different ideas? Different ideas?  The boy, do you want to have a try?    

S: The experience John Snow destroys the cholera.

T: The experience. You use a word destroy, right? he use the word destroy. Did John snow really hit the cholera?  Pay attention to the last paragraph, was cholera destroyed?  No, right?  It's still a problem.

This one is maybe not tell proper the author use this word, defeats. What does it mean? Yeah, 击败, right? John snow beats king cholera. Defeats. Why does he also use the Defeat? Cholera is still a problem. Then what did the author say that He defeats it. Actually, you see John snow has so many good qualities. Yes, so outstanding scientific spirits. So in scientific spirits, he really defeat King cholera, right? And also, he found a cause of preventing cholera. In this sense, he really defeat cholera, and they also use this word king. The disease was a king. So the disease was really horrible, right? Horrible, terrible, or deadly. But even John snow still defeats it. John snow was really was really great. Yes, he was really great. The author use the title to emphasize John Snow's contribution. It gives us confidence, right? Even if the disease was so terrible, when human people can still defeat it, right?    

Now, based on your understanding of John Snow, can you write a few lines to honor him. Suppose he was given a lifetime achievement. Can you write some lines to honor him? You can use this model like “It is my great honor to present this award to John Snow. “ And you can discuss with your group members. Okay? Discuss and have a try. You can discuss with your group members and try to write some lines. You can also use the words about the blackboard about his good quality, about his scientific spirits. If you do not have any idea, you can discuss with your partner, ask for some support and use some sentences from the passage. It's okay.    

It's okay, just continue.Anybody wants to have a try? This boy?

S: It's my great honor to present this award to John Snow. Through his efforts...

T: And?

S: He is such a great committed man. He is such a great person with critical thinking.

T: That's good. At the ending?

S: Let’s congratulate on him.

T:That's good. Let's clap hands for him. That's really good.

So in today's homework, you need to read a supplementary material. Have you noticed the supplementary material? Yeah, and have a further understanding of John Snow’s questioning mind. And as for the optional tasks, you can choose one, if you think the passage is too difficult for you, then you can choose the first one to write a new article on “How John Snow Defeated Cholera ” in your own words    

If you want to challenge yourself, you can choose the second one. OK?

That’s the homework today, and thanks for your attention. Bye.    

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