英语教学中的5E教学法到底是什么?

大家好，我是Kethrine。今天要分享是英语教学法中的5E教学法，以下内容来自AI和国外网站，相当于我做了一个小小的文献梳理，分享给有需要的老师们。

英语教学中的5E教学法是一种基于建构主义理论的教学方法，其核心在于激发学生的学习兴趣和积极性，促进学生的自主学习和合作学习。5E教学法包括五个步骤，分别是吸引（Engagement）、探究（Exploration）、解释（Explanation）、拓展延伸（Elaboration）和评价（Evaluation）。

Engagement | Phase 1

这一环节是5E教学法的起始环节，目的是吸引学生对学习任务产生兴趣。教师可以通过创设问题情境来激发学生的学习兴趣，使问题与学生原有的知识和经验产生认知冲突，从而激发学生主动探究的意愿。

The first phase is to get students engaged; capture their interest and curiosity and have them focus on the task, object, situation, problem or event at hand.

A key part of this phase is finding out the prior learning and possible misconceptions held by your students – what past experiences do they have with what’s being covered? What do they think about it? What ideas do they already have?

To kick-off the engagement phase, you could demonstrate something that captures their attention and stimulates questions, show them something that contradicts their expectations, or simply ask a direct question about the topic they can throw themselves into.

Outcomes of the engagement phase: Prior learning and misconceptions have been drawn out and your kids are hopefully fizzing with puzzlement, intrigue and motivation to find answers.

Exploration | Phase 2

探究是5E教学法的中心环节。教师根据上一环节产生的认知冲突，引导学生进行探究。学生是探究的主体，通过自主学习、小组合作等方式，经历和学习关键概念，习得新的技能。教师在此环节中起到引导和帮助的作用。

Finding answers requires exploration – this might come in the form of a mental pursuit or physical adventure.

With either approach, it’s important that exploration is concrete – physical and hands on. This reinforces engagement and encourages kids to experiment.

Organise students into groups and get them to explore the concepts and skills before forming questions that can be investigated. Encourage them to present and defend their strategy of approach between themselves and the other groups before they begin to explore.

In this phase you could take the opportunity to work on collaborative learning skills. Ensure group members take individual responsibility for their role in achieving the group goal and encourage rich discussion between group members.

During the exploration phase, students should be noticing patterns, establishing causal or correlative relationships, identifying differences, and questioning why they’re experiencing the results they find. Your role is to initiate activities, provide resources, listen, prompt, question and facilitate students as they begin to construct conceptual understandings and develop new skills.

Outcomes of the exploration phase: You’ll want your class to be able to discuss what they experienced and any patterns or phenomena they observed during their exploration phase. This is a great way of both hearing others’ observations and initial explanations but also having the information solidified for the next phase.

Explanation | Phase 3

此环节是5E教学模式的关键环节。学生通过自主学习和探究，自由表达观点、看法，进行评议、争鸣。通过让学生发“声”，实现思维发“生”。教师通过观察学生的言语、语言、表情、手势等，判断和识别学生对于知识理解和技能掌握的真实情况。

Here’s where everything your kids have taken from the engagement and exploration phases come to light.

Starting this phase is simple – ask your students for their explanations of what they experienced and observed during their engagement and exploration phases. Were their initial expectations or hypotheses correct?

After this discussion, you can introduce the technical and scientific explanations directly and explicitly, giving your kids a way to frame their experiences within the formal explanation.

Remember to be imaginative with your explanation! It can be more than verbal; use a video, audio-clip, or software to help your class come to grips with the concepts. Be sure to refer back to the students’ prior experiences in your explanations!

Outcomes of the explanation phase: Don’t be surprised if students aren’t immediately able to fit their experiences to the explanation – understanding takes time! At this stage, if they can make connections from their experiences to the explanation, that’s something you can work with.

Elaboration | Phase 4

在此环节中，教师需要提供更多具有挑战性的问题或情境，引导学生将所学的知识应用到实际生活中，进一步巩固和拓展所学内容。

With experience and explanation in hand, your kids can take their new understandings and skills and expand on them!

The aim of this phase is to help students transfer their understanding of new concepts and skills to new contexts or experiences using a variety of sources such as written material, simulations, videos, hands-on activities or other digital sources.

This is also the phase where cross-curricula activities are useful. Connecting understanding with mathematics, art, technology and so on, can deepen understanding.

Outcomes of the elaboration phase: You’ll want your students to have a broader and more generalised understanding of the concepts, skills and processes.

Evaluation | Phase 5

评价是5E教学法的最后一个环节。教师根据学生的表现和反馈，对学生的学习情况进行评估，同时为学生提供反馈和建议，以便他们更好地掌握所学内容。评价的方式多种多样，包括教师观察、学生自评、小组互评等。

This phase can be brought into the mix at any time in the learning process, and it’s not up to you alone!

Evaluation includes both students and teachers gauging the level of conceptual and procedural understanding gained. Although formative assessment and evaluation can occur at any point in the instructional model, the evaluation phase specifically aims to obtain evidence of understanding in relation to the learning outcomes of the lesson.

Formative evaluations might be informal observational notes or short questions, where summative assessments may be more formal assessments such as tests or assignments.

Outcomes of the evaluation phase: You’re looking to understand how your class and individual students are progressing – What scientific thinking needs improvement? What new conceptual understandings have they developed?

今天的分享就到这里啦！下期再见！