人教版六年级全年(上册+下册)各单元语法重点

文摘   教育   2024-07-22 07:35   陕西  

人教版六年级上册各单元语法重点

Unit 1 How can I get there?我如何能到达那里?

题解:How如何对方式提问,can情态动词五年级学过

语法点

一:询问某地有

Where is the+地点名词      回答:It is+方位介词+地点名词

It is next to/in front of/behind./near/on the left/right of the+地点名词

方位介词(短语)语意辨析后的实际应用

如:where is the bookshop

It is next to/in front of/behind./near/on the left/right of the+ hospital

方位介词如下:

next to紧挨着,紧靠着

in front of ..前面

behind 后面

near 附近

on the left/right of the 的左边/右边

二:课本

1.There be 结构的复习(be动词的单复数)

There be 结构中 be系动词的单复数应根据后面最靠近的名词的单复数决定

如:There is a bag on the desk a bag 一个包单数,所以beis

There are two books on the desktwo books 两本书,复数,所以beare

There is a bag and two books on the desk be动词就近一致原则)

2.乘坐交通工具用介词by,但步行时用on

3.go to the park前一定要加the,但如果去的地方有具体名字就不能加the,另外go to school是固定搭配,前面也不加the

4.how 对方式进行提问,本单元询问用哪种交通工具.

how do you go to school

I go to school by bus/bikeI go to school on foot

How do you go to?你怎样到达某个地方?如果要问的是第三人称单数,

则要用:How does he/she go to schooldo要变成does(与一般现在时单三人称保持一致) 回答方式:he/she goes to school by bike/bus/on foot

unit 2 ways to go to school

语法点

一:how 对方式进行提问,我们以前学过how are youhow old are youhow many/how much等问句,本单元着重学习how 引导如何到达某地

如:how do you go to school及其答语的学习,并适当的加入了频度副词

--How do you go back home--I usually go back home by bus

二:现实生活中应用这些结构询问某处,指路等

1.Where is + 地点? 询问地点的句型。Where is the shop

如:Where is the supermarket? 超市在哪?   Go down the street.   

2.How can + 主语 +  get (to) + 地点?  询问如何到达某地。E

如:How can I get to the library? 我怎么到达图书馆?

You can get there on foot. 你可以步行过去

unit 3 My weekend plan

语法点

一:一般将来时be going to do 句型:打算即将去做…”表示将来即将发生的动作,打算、计划、安排等

1.询问对方打算做什么的句型

 what are you going to do+其他?  /你们打算(将要)做什么?

 I am/we are going to do+其他?我/我们打算做

表示未来时间的状语:

next weektonighttomorrowthis evening/afternoon/morning/weekend

2.询问对方打算去哪里的句型及答语

问:where are you going +将来的时间)?你们打算去哪里

答:I am/ We are going (to the)+地点。我们将要去

3.询问对方打算何时去做某事的句型及答语

问:when are you going to+动词(短语)原形?你们打算什么时候去做

答:I am/ We are going to+动词(短语)原形+将来的时间,我们打算时候去做

例句:

What are you going to do on the weekend?你周末打算做什么?

I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend 我打算看望我祖父母

Where are you going this afternoon 今天下午你打算去哪里?

I am going to the shop 我打算去商店

What are you going to buy 你打算买些什么?

I am going to buy a book。我打算买本书。

Unit 4 I have a pen pal

语法点

一:句子结构。在英语中 一个简单的 完整的句子一般有五种结构,小学段主学以下2

1.主(S+系动词(be+表(P 

这就是主系表结构 这个be 大家都见过了哈 be 一共有am is are was were 5种小学段需要知道的,我们目前只需要掌握am is are 就足够了

如:I am your teacher You are my students She is pretty He is fat 等等

2.主(S+谓(V+宾(O 

英语中做谓语的动词基本就两类:一类是Be动词也就是系动词,构成主系表结构;另一类是实意动词,构成主谓宾结构了。

这两类的区别:

be动词后面跟表语  如:I am very happy She is nice

实意动词后面跟的是宾语 如: I like youI need you

二:一般现在时(实意动词且主语为单三人称)

一般现在时助动词do的情况

肯定句结构:主语+谓语动词+宾语 

否定句结构:主语+do not +谓语动词+宾语 

(当主语是第三人称单数时把do变成does

一般疑问句:Do+主语+动词+宾语部分

当主语是第三人称单数时 Does+主语+动词+宾语


非第三人称单数做主语

第三人称单数做主语

肯定句

I like playing basketball

He likes playing basketball

否定句

I do not like playing basketball

He does not like playing basketball

一般疑问句

Do you like playing basketball

Does he like playing basketball

肯定回答

YesI do

Yeshe does

否定回答

NoI do not   

Nohe does not         

秘籍:一般现在时含有实意动词的句子变否定句和一般疑问句有两种情况,1.当主语是非单三人称时,找助动词do帮忙,变否定句在do+not,变疑问句把do 提前大写,后面打问号。2.当主语是单三人称时,找助动词does帮忙,变否定句在does+not,动词还原为原形,变疑问句把does提前大写,谓语动词还原为原形,后面打问号。                                

三:单三人称谓语动词+S的规则:

1.一般的直接在动词后面+s

2.以字母sxchsho结尾的动词后面+es

3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要变yi,再+es

Unit 5 what does he do

语法

一:询问他人职业的句型及其答语

What does+主语(第三人称单数)+do是做什么的?

He/ She is a/an+职业 /她是一位

职业名词如下:

workerpostmanbusinessmanfishermanscientistpilotcoachpolice officersalespersoncleanerteacherdancerdoctornursepianistdentisttailor

二:询问他人的工作地点的句型及其答语

问:where does+主语(单三人称)+work 在哪工作?

答:He/ She works+(表示地点的)介词短语 /她在工作

介词短语如下:

At a universityin a gymat seaon a boatat the zooin a schoolin a bankin a car company

三:询问他人上班方式的问句及其答语

问:how does+主语(单三人称)+go to work 怎么去上班?

答:He/ She goes to work+交通方式  /去上班

交通方式有:by bike/bus/subway/plane/train/ship/ferry/on foot

另:由动词转换而来的职业名词(在某些动词后+er/or等构成)

Teachteacher clean-cleanersingsingerdancedancerdrivedriverwritewriter

Unit 6 how do you feel

语法 

一:描述某人/某物害怕的句型:主语+be动词+afraid of+其他 害怕

二:描述某人/某物与生气的句型:主语+be动词+angry with+其他生气

三:询问某人怎么了的句型

Whats wrongwith sb)?whats the matterwith sb)?

四:提建议要求的句式:

1祈使句    2 情态动词shouldnotdomustnotdo

1 祈使句:表示请求命令要求的句子叫祈使句

2. Dont be late for school. 上学不要迟到。

3. Dont make noise in class. 上课不要喧闹。

4. Listen to the teacher carefully. 认真听老师讲课。

5. Hand in your homework on time. 按时交作业。

6. You should help to do housework. 你应该帮忙做家务。

7. You shouldnt watch TV too often. 你不应该看电视太频繁。

8. You should go to bed early. 你应该早睡。

9. You shouldnt read in bed. 你不应该在床上看书。

10. You must wait for the green light. 你必须等绿灯。

11. You mustnt cross the street when the light is red. 红灯亮的时候禁止过马路。

人教版六年级下册各单元语法重点

Unit 1 how tall are you

语法点

一:三问

问年龄:How old are you? ----- Im _______ (years old).

问身高:How tall are you? ---- Im ______meters tall.

问体重How heavy are you? ---- Im ______ kilograms

二:形容词原级和比较级的基础运用(做比较):

形容词专属用法:形容谁比谁更… …

主语 + be am/ is/ are/ ( even/much ) er than

如:I am taller than you. 我比你高。

I am 4 cm taller than your brother. 我比你弟弟高4cm .

I am taller and stronger than your brother. 我比你的弟弟更高更壮。

Tom is even stronger than his father. 甚至比他爸爸还壮。

Zhang Peng and John are much younger than Mr.Green. 张鹏和JohnMr. Green要年轻

三:形容词比较级的构成规则:

形容词的比较级用来表示事物的等级差别,作比较。

比较级的构成规则:

1.规则变化

(1)单音节词加词尾-er,来构成比较级

tall(高的) --taller    great(巨大的) --greater

(2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r,

nice(好的)--nicer   large(大的)--larger  

(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er

big(大的) --bigger    hot(热的) --hotter    red红色的--redder    

(4)"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,改yi,再加-er

easy(容易的) easier   busy(忙的)-- busier

两者比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为A is+ 比较级 + than B

如:I am taller than Lucy

She is heavier than him

Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩

2.不规则变化

good(好的)/ better well(健康的) / better bad (坏的)/ worseill(有病的) / worse
old (老的) older/elder much/many(多的) more little(少的) /lessfar (远的)

Unit 2 last weekend

语法点

一:一般过去式

1.用法:表示过去的某个时间或一段时间内发生的、过去经常习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

2.时间状语如:yesterday(昨天),ago(以前),before(在...之前)等。

3.动词变化规则

①一般的直接在动词后+ed。如:workworked    look--looked

②以不发音e结尾的动词直接+d  如:live lived    hope--hoped

③以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变yi,再+ed。如:studystudied   carry--carried

④以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词,双写最后的辅音字母+ed

如:stop—stopped   plan--planned

⑤特殊情况规则(见六年级下册P69)如:are--were  is/am—was  do--did

3.句法结构:①含有be系动词的句子(主系表结构)

基本结构:1.be动词(am/is变为was, are变为were

变否定句:直接在系动词was或者were后加not

如:肯定句:I was late yesterday

否定句:I wasnt late yesterday wasnt=was not

肯定句:You were early yesterday morning

否定句:You werent early yesterday morning werent=were not

秘籍:含有系动词的句子变否定句直接在系动词后面+not

②行为动词(实意动词)

基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其它

变否定句:主语+didn't +谓语动词原形+其它

秘籍:在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词

:肯定句:She came to help us last night

否定句:she didnt come to help us last night

肯定句:They worked hard at school

否定句:they didnt work hard at school

秘籍:含有实意动词的句子变否定句,要找出对应的助动词,在助动词后+not,原谓语动词需还原为原形

Unit 3 Where did you go?

语法点

一:一般过去式疑问句及特殊疑问句

含有be系动词的句子(主系表结构)

1)一般疑问句:把was或者were 提到句首大写+主语+其他+?。

2)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他+?

如:I was late yesterday

一般疑问句:Were you late yesterday

回答:YesI was/ noI wasnt

特殊疑问句:Where were you yesterday?

回答:I was in a bookshop yesterday

You were early yesterday morning

一般疑问句:were you early yesterday morning

回答:YesI was/ noI wasnt

特殊疑问句:how was your class

回答:It was interesting

秘籍:含有be系动词的句子变一般疑问句,把be系动词提前大写,后面打问号,其他部分照抄下来即可

二:行为动词(含有实意动词的主谓宾结构)

1.一般疑问句

Did+主语+谓语动词原形+其它?

2.特殊疑问句

疑问词+ did+主语+动词原形+其它?

She came to help us last night

一般疑问句:Did she come to help us last night

回答:YesShe did/ noShe didnt

特殊疑问句:what did she do last night

回答:She came to help us last night

They worked hard at school

一般疑问句:Did they work hard at school

回答:YesThey did/ noThey didnt

特殊疑问句:How did they work at school

回答:They worked very hard at school

秘籍:含有实意动词的句子变一般疑问句,需要找对应助动词,把助动词提前大写,原谓语动词还原为原形,后面打问号

Unit 4 Then and now

一般现在时与一般过去时的区别

1:用法的区别

一般现在时表示现阶段,此时此刻经常反复习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态以及永恒不变的事实、真理和自然规律,

一般过去时表示在过去的某个时间发生的或经常习惯性反复发生的动作或存在的状态:

2:所搭配时间状语的区别:

一般现在时:常与时间状语today, every day, on Sunday, every morning等连用。

一般过去时:常与时间状语yesterday, last year, the day before yesterday , this morning,  ago等连用。

3:三大结构的区别:

1.一般现在时(含be系动词的):  

肯定句:主语+系动词+其他   I am lazy

否定句:主语+be系动词+not+其他  I am not lazy

一般疑问句:Be系动词+主语+其他+ --Are you lazy--YesI am/ NoI am not

2.一般现在时(含实意动词的):

肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他 I like playing chess

否定句:主语+didnt+动词原形+其他  I do not like playing chess

一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他+

--Do you like playing chess--YesI do/ NoI do not

1.一般过去时(含be系动词的):  

肯定句:主语+was/were+其他   I was lazy before

否定句:主语+be系动词+not+其他  I was not lazy before

一般疑问句:Be系动词+主语+其他+ 

--Were you lazy before--YesI was/ NoI was not

2.一般过去时(含实意动词的):

肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他 I liked playing chess before

否定句:主语+didnt+动词原形+其他  I did not like playing chess before

一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他+

--Did you like playing chess before--YesI did/ NoI did not


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