八上作文1-10单元
U1话题写作指导
如何写游记
【话题分析】
本单元的主要话题是节日与假期，与本单元相关的写作题目可以与节假日里的旅游相结合。命题内容以游览为主，根据提示记叙节假日里旅游的大致情况。写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及时态的运用。
1. 内容一般从以下几个方面着手：
1) Where did you go?
2) How was the weather?
3) What did you do?
4) How was the food?
5) How were the people?
6) How did you feel about the trip?
2. 时态以一般过去时为主。
【写作实例】
假如你是林涛，去年夏天去北京度假，游览过很多地方。请以 My vacation to Beijing为题，写一篇70词左右的游记。内容包括：
1. 旅游景点（the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, Tian’anmen Square, a Beijing hutong, Beihai Park）
2. 天气和活动
3. 感受…
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开篇点题：我和我爸爸去北京度假了 | Last summer, I went to Beijing… with my father. |
2 | 旅游经历：介绍我们游览的地方 | Visited the Great Wall… the Palace Museum… Tian’anmen Square… took photos … other interesting places |
3 | 所感所思：玩得高兴，期待下一次再去游览 | We had a great time… hope to go there again |
My vacation to Beijing
Last summer, I went to Beijing on vacation with my father1. It was sunny and hot.
First 2we visited the Great Wall. It is really the longest wall in the world. There were a lot of people there. The next day, we visited the Palace Museum and Tian’anmen Square. We took many photos there. We also visited some other interesting places in Beijing such as 3 Beijing hutong and Beihai Park.
We had a great time in Beijing. I hope 4to go there again.
1 用with sb 结构表示伴随的情况，表示“和某人一起”
2 用first… the next day… we also 表示旅游的顺序
3 用such as 进行举例
4 用 I hope 表达自己的愿望
U2话题写作指导
调查报告
【话题分析】
本单元的话题是“课余活动”，围绕这一话题谈论从事某一活动的频率。在写作方面，要求写一篇有关日常活动的调查报告。写作时，开篇点题，即点出调查报告的主题和对象；其次，要对调查报告的内容展开分述，要正确使用频度副词及次数的表达；结尾要进行综述以表达中心观点。
【写作实例】
根据下面八年级八班学生的活动调查表，用英语写一篇调查报告。
Class 8, Grade 8: Activity survey
Activity | Every Day | Once or twice a Week | Three or four times a Week |
Watch TV | 90% | 10% | 0% |
Use the Internet | 80% | 0% | 20% |
Play sports | 30% | 20% | 50% |
【思路点拨】
“总分总法”写关于调查报告类的作文
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 总：整体介绍所要进行的调查 | Here are the results… |
2 | 分：逐条介绍相应内容 | …watch TV…, use the Internet…,…play sports… |
3 | 总：总结并整体评价或表达观点 | It is good to relax by…but I think… it is good for… |
【经典范文】
Class 8, Grade 8: Activity survey
Here are the results of the student activity survey in class8, grade 8.
Ninety percent of the students watch TV every day. Only ten percent of them watch TV once or twice a week. None of them watch TV three or four times a week at all. As for using the Internet, eighty percent of the students use the Internet every day. The other twenty percent of the students use it three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. The results about playing sports are also interesting. Thirty percent of the students play sports every day. Twenty percent of the students do is once or twice a week. Fifty percent of the students do it three or four times a week.
It’s good to relax by using the Internet or watching TV, but I think playing sports is the best way to relax. It’s good for our health.
U3话题写作指导
人物特征
【话题分析】
本单元以“人物个性特征”为话题，向我们展示了如何谈论人物特征如外貌特征（tall; short; thin; heavy; long/short hair等）、个性特点（outgoing; funny; friendly; hardworking; smart等）等，如何运用比较级来对人物进行比较，具体到书面表达中，要求同学们会根据所学内容来描写人物之间的相同点和不同点。
【写作实例】
《同步学习周报》正在联袂阳光中学举行“我的闺蜜我来谈”活动。请你根据下表中提供的信息，写一篇短文介绍你和你最好的朋友Nancy的相同之处和不同之处。
要求：1. 包括信息中提及的所有内容，语句通顺，条理清楚。
2. 字数80个词左右（开头已经给出，不计入总词数），可适当加以发挥。
人物 | 不同点 | 相同点 |
Nancy | 1. 比我高得多, 更外向 2. 更擅长唱歌、跳舞` 3. 喜欢去听音乐会 | 1. 喜欢运动 2. 学习努力, 各门功课都学得好 3. 喜欢阅读, 通常在周末一起去图书馆 |
I | 1. 喜欢上网 2. 喜欢旅游 | |
对朋友之间的异同点的看法：……（至少两点） | ||
Nancy is my best friend. In some ways, we are the same.
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 总述Nancy和我存在异同 | In some ways,… and in some ways… |
2 | 叙述我们的相同之处 | Like sports; hardworking; like reading; go to the library |
3 | 分述我们的不同之处 | taller and more outgoing; be better at singing and dancing；surfing the Internet |
【范文示例】
Nancy is my best friend. In some ways, we are the same and in some ways we are different.
Both of us like sports. We are both hard-working and good at our subjects. We both like reading, and we usually go to the library together on weekends.
As for the differences, she is taller and more outgoing than me. She is better at singing and dancing. She likes going to the concert. For me, I like surfing the Internet. And I love traveling.
In fact, I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different from me. I think my best friend helps me brings out the best in me.
U4话题写作指导
用最高级描写身边的人或事物
【话题分析】
本单元以“你生活的社区和才艺表演”为背景话题，学习了用形容词的比较级和最高级来谈论身边的事物，表达自己的好恶，并说明理由。具体到书面表达中，要求同学们能根据题目所提供的信息，运用比较级和最高级来对话题进行描述，表达自己的观点和看法。
教材中出现的相关句型：
①It has the biggest screens. 它有最大的屏幕。
②It's the closest to home. 它离家最近。
③It has the shortest waiting time. 它那里等待的时间最短。
④It has the best sound. 它拥有最好的音响。
⑤It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒服的座位。
⑥You can buy clothes the most cheaply there. 你能在那儿买到最便宜的衣服。
⑦You can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats. 你能坐得最舒适，因为它那里拥有最大的座位。
⑧I think 970 AM is pretty bad.It has the worst music. 我认为调频970兆赫相当差。它播放的音乐最差。
拓展常用句型：It is the best of all.它是所有当中最好的。
【写作实例】
假如你是Jim，常到学校附近的三家商店购物，你对三家商店进行了对比，请用学过的比较级或最高级的句型描述三家商店的不同。词数：60～80。
提示：
Ham’s Bargain Store: the cheapest, the worst
Jenny’s Department Store: the most fashionable clothes, the best service, the most expensive
Carol’s Department Store: the most popular store, not the cheapest, not the most expensive, the friendliest service
【思路点拨】
本单元是谈论小区的一些基础设施的对比。由于是三家商店对比，应尽量使用本单元所学知识——最高级。写作时，可以先介绍自己最喜欢的一家商店；再介绍第二家商店；最后介绍第三家商店。
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开篇介绍：引入话题并介绍自己最喜欢的一家商店 | there be, three stores, near my school, the most fashionable clothes, the best... |
2 | 篇中展开：介绍第二家商店 | I also like, because it’s the most popular, not the cheapest or the most expensive |
3 | 篇末介绍：介绍第三家商店 | as for..., I don't like it, it's not the most popular, in fact, the worst |
【经典范文】
There are three stores near my school. Of the three stores, I like Jenny’s Department Store best. Because it sells very good things. It sells the most fashionable clothes. And it has the best service. However, people don’t often shop there because the things are the most expensive.
I also like Carol’s Department Store. Because it’s the most popular store near my school. The things there aren’t the cheapest and they’re not the most expensive. And it has the friendliest service.
As for Ham’s Bargain Store，I don’t like it. Though it’s the cheapest, it isn’t the most popular. In fact, lots of things there are the worst in town.
U5话题写作指导
评论电视节目或电影
【话题分析】
本单元以“谈论较喜欢的东西和制订计划”为话题，学习了如何询问别人的观点和如何表达对某人或某物的看法。具体到书面表达中，要求同学们能根据所学，谈论某部电影或某个电视节目，表达出自己的观点和看法。
询问对方对某个/某些电视节目或电影的看法可用句型 What do you think of..?
表达自己对此的看法可用句型 I like…/ I love…/ I don’t mind…/ I can’t stand…
表达原因可用句型Because I think they are…
注意在对某部电影进行描述时，可从四个方面来进行展开：①the name of it ②the kind of it ③what it is about ④what you think of (stars in) it。
教材中出现的相关句型：
①I love/like it. 我喜欢它。
②I don't like/don't mind/can't stand it. 我不喜欢/不介意/不能忍受它。
③I like to watch action movies because they're exciting. 我喜欢看动作片，因为它们很刺激。
④It is an exciting action movie. 它是一部令人激动的动作片。
⑤It comes from an old Chinese story. 它源于一个古老的中国故事。
⑥The movie is about... 这部影片是关于……
⑦I think the actress played Mulan's role well. 我认为这个女演员演木兰的角色演得非常好。
⑧The other actors are also fantastic and they did a good job in the movie. 其他的演员也都演得很好，而且干得也很棒。
⑨If you plan to watch a movie this weekend and you want to see something enjoyable，choose Mulan! 如果你计划这周末去看电影，而且想看令人愉快的电影，就选《木兰》吧！
【写作实例】
假如你非常喜欢卡通，但全家人对卡通持有不同的态度。请根据下表提示，给你的好朋友Eric写一篇70词左右的信件，描述一下你们一家人对卡通的态度以及各自的爱好，并询问他对卡通的看法。
Brother and I | love watching them on weekends when we are not studying |
Sister | not mind |
Parents | not like(students should study more，not watch cartoons) |
Grandparents | can't stand boring cartoons(like Beijing Opera) |
【思路点拨】 My favorite TV shows
本文是一篇有关对电视节目态
度的写作。在写作时，要运用一般现在时；其次要紧扣提示逐一表达出来；最后，可以适当发挥。
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开篇点题 | Do you like...? What kind of TV shows do you like? |
2 | 具体介绍 | brother and I→ love watching... sister→ not mind... parents→ not like... |
3 | 首位呼应 | What do you think of cartoons? |
【经典范文】
Dear Eric,
Do you like watching TV? What kind of TV shows do you like?
I love watching cartoons and my brother likes watching them too. We watch cartoons on weekends when we're not studying. We think they can make us feel happy and relaxed. My sister doesn't mind them. But my parents don't like watching cartoons. They think we shouldn't watch them too often because we should study more. My grandparents can't stand them. They think cartoons are boring. They like Beijing Opera.
What do you think of cartoons? Please tell me.
Yours,
Liu Wei.
U6话题写作指导
谈论未来的打算
【话题分析】
与本单元话题相关的书面表达一般是谈论未来的打算。写作时可用be going to do结构，表示将来的打算。先谈自己未来的打算，然后再写具体的行动计划，结尾可以表明自己的决心或者希望 。
【写作实例】
根据汉语提示及要求，以“My Dream Job”为题用英语写一篇短文。
提示：1. 想成为一名英语教师；
2. 小学时因为英语不好受嘲笑，老师帮助了我；
3. 想去北京外国语大学；
4. 帮助需要提高英语水平的人。
注意：1. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；
2. 提示内容全部体现在文章中；
3. 不少于80词。
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开门见山，谈自己的理想职业 | My dream job is… |
2 | 学习英语的过程及选择英语教师这一职业的原因 | … my English teacher Miss Wang helped me a lot and… |
3 | 如何实现自己的理想 | So I’m going to Beijing Foreign Studies University and become… |
4 | 提出自己的愿望 | I hope… and I’m going to… |
【经典范文】
My Dream Job
My dream job is to be an English teacher. When I was at primary school, my English was no good. Sometimes some students laughed ar me when I spoke English. So I was afraid to speak English in front of others. But my English teacher Miss Wang helped me a lot and she taught me how to learn English. With her help I made great progress. So I’m going to Beijing Foreign Studies University and become an English teacher when I’m older. I hope my dream will come true. And I’m going to help the person who want to improve their English.
U7话题写作指导
预测未来
【话题分析】
本单元话题是预测未来。写有关预测未来的作文时，需用到一般将来时，同时可以用比较级结构，以增强对比效果。常见的预测未来的话题有：机器人、电脑、环境、旅行、工作和生活等。
常用的句型有：there will be…; people will…; sb. thinks that…等。
【写作实例】
你们班下周将召开一次班会，主题是“2050年的生活”。请你写一份发言稿。
提示：1. 人口增长迅速；
2. 工作时间缩短，娱乐和旅游时间将更加充裕；
3. 机器人做工作，很多人面临失业。
要求：短文须包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥。
Life in 2050
Life in 2050 will be different from now, because changes___________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开篇点题：2050年的生活与现在的不同 | Be different from |
2 | 简述不同：人口增多，工作时间缩短，娱乐和旅游时间将更加充裕；机器人做工作，很多人面临失业。
| grow fast, more and more people, live longer than now, work fewer hours, have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling, be different, not have enough work to do |
3 | 总结全文：这些不同带给人们的思考 | Make people’s life very different, will be better, new problems |
【经典范文】
Life in 2050
Life in 2050 will be different from now, because changes will take place.
The population is growing fast. There will be more and more people in the world and most of them will live longer than now.
People will work fewer hours than they do now, and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Many people will go to other countries for holidays.
Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will help with dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do.
All the differences will make people’s life very different. It will be better. But on the other hand, it may bring new problems.
U8话题写作指导
食物制作过程
【话题分析】
与本单元的话题是描述如何按程序制作一种食品。写此类文章，应首先交代清楚你要制作的食品以及需要的材料，然后按照程序介绍做食品的步骤、方法和注意事项。特别要注意在写作中要运用到相关表示顺序的词，如first，next，then，finally等，以使整篇文章更加有条理，同时也要注意祈使句的相关运用。 因为是介绍方式方法的说明问，要用一般现在时作为主要时态。
教材中出现的常用相关句型：
①Peel three bananas.剥三个香蕉。
②Cut up the bananas.切碎香蕉。
③Put the bananas and icecream in the blender.把香蕉和冰淇淋放进搅拌机里。
④Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒进搅拌机。
⑤Turn on the blender.打开搅拌机。
⑥Put the beef，carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water.将牛肉、胡萝卜和土豆放进锅里，并且加一些水。
⑦After that，cook them for 30 minutes.在那之后，烹饪30分钟。
⑧Finally，don't forget to add some salt.最后，不要忘记加一些食盐。
⑨First，put some yogurt on a piece of bread. Then，cut up one apple and an onion and put them on the yogurt...首先，把一些酸奶抹在一片面包上。然后把一个苹果和一个洋葱切碎，将它们放到酸奶上……
⑩Here is one way to make turkey.这有一个制作火鸡的方法。
拓展常用句型：
①Would you like to eat...? Do you know how to make it? 你喜欢吃……吗？你知道怎样制作它吗？
②Here is the recipe for...这是……的食谱。
③Add...to the...将……加到……中去。
④Put another piece of bread on the top.将另一片面包放在最上面。
【写作实例】
你喜欢吃三明治吗？你知道如何制造三明治吗？亲手为自己做一份三明治吧！请看下表：
Ingredients | bread | butter | onion | tomato | turkey | relish |
Amount | 2 pieces | 2 spoons | 1 | 1 | 3 pieces | 1 spoon |
要求：1. 短文须用到表中所提供的原材料；
2. 词数80左右。
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 引出话题：制作三明治 | like sandwiches, know how to make, have a try |
2 | 介绍做法：所需原料；制作过程 | to make a sandwich, we need… First, next, then, finally |
3 | 总结全文：制作好的感受 | enjoy it |
【经典范文】
How to make a sandwich?
Do you like sandwiches? Do you know how to make a sandwich? Let’s have a try.
To make a sandwich, we need bread, butter, onions, tomatoes, turkey and relish.
First, check all the ingredients and put two spoons of butter on a piece of bread. Next, cut up an onion and a tomato. Add them to the bread. Then, add tree pieces of turkey. Finally, put another piece o bread on top.
The sandwich is OK. Don’t you think it is great? You can enjoy it now.
U9话题写作指导
邀请
【话题分析】
本单元是围绕“发出、接受或拒绝邀请”而展开的话题讨论的。
当你向别人发出邀请时语气应委婉，且带有一定的感情色彩。当别人邀请你，而你有事或不想去时，也应该语气委婉、不失礼貌。与本单元话题相关的写作题目往往以发出、接受或拒绝邀请的信函为主。写作时应注意其格式，一般包括称呼语、正文、结束语及签名等。
发出邀请的常用句型：Would you like to…?/ Can/Could you come to…?
接受邀请的常用句型：Yes, I’d like/ love to./ Sur, I’d love to.
拒绝邀请的常用句型：I’d like/love to, but…/ I’m sorry. I can’t.
教材中出现的相关句型：
①Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? 星期六下午你能来参加我的聚会吗？
②I have to prepare for an exam. 我不得不为考试作准备。
③I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend. 对不起，我没有时间。我有太多的家庭作业。
④I have to look after my sister. 我不得不照顾我的妹妹。
⑤Thanks for asking. 谢谢邀请。
⑥I would like to invite you to... 我想邀请你来参加……
⑦The opening will be on the morning of Wednesday，January 8th at 9：00. 开幕式将在1月8日星期三上午9点举行。
⑧Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday，December 20th. 请在12月20日星期五之前回复这封邀请函。
拓展常用句型：
①I'm sure we will have a lot of fun. 我确信我们将会玩得很开心。
②Thanks for your invitation. 谢谢你的邀请。
③I'd love to, but I can't go to your party. 我很乐意，但是我去不了你的聚会。
【写作实例1】
假如你叫Jack，你的生日快到了。请给你的英国朋友David发一张邀请卡，邀请他来参加你的生日聚会。聚会的信息是这样的：
时间 | 12月20日 星期二 |
地点 | 阳光饭店(Sunshine Restaurant) |
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 简述活动时间、地点并发出邀请 | … have a birthday party at Sunshine Restaurant. I would like to invite you to … |
2 | 简述活动内容(补充细节内容) | play …, eat … and see… |
3 | 再次发出邀请 | Can you come to my birthday party?... |
【经典范文】
Dear David，
My birthday is coming. I'm going to have a birthday party at Sunshine Restaurant. I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party. The party will be on Tuesday, December 20th at 3 p.m. We will play games, eat delicious food and see some good movies. My father is going to tell us a funny story.
Can you come to my birthday party? Please reply to let me know if you will come by Monday, December 19th.
Yours,
Jack
【写作实例2】
汤姆邀请杰克周六去他家，但是杰克那天没有空，因此不能赴约。假如你是杰克，请根据提示写一封委婉拒绝汤姆邀请的信，并说明你不能赴约的原因。
提示：study for a test; have a piano lesson; go to the movies
要求：1. 文章必须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2. 词数80左右。文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hi Tom,
Thanks for_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Jake
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开篇表示感谢对方的邀请 | Thanks for…, for I’d love to go, but… |
2 | 表述拒绝邀请的原因 | have to, study for a test, have a piano lesson, go to the movies |
3 | 结尾表明态度 | Can I …another time? |
【经典范文】
Hi Tom,
Thanks for inviting me to your home. I’d love to go, but I’m sorry I can’t visit you on Saturday. I’m not available that, for there are many things that I need to do. In the morning, I have to study for a test. There will be an important exam next Monday. In the afternoon, I have a piano lesson. In the evening, I am going to the movies with my family. Can I visit you another time?
Best wishes,
Jake
U10话题写作指导
提建议
【话题分析】
写提建议类的作文时，可以用if引导的条件状语从句来对具体的情况进行假设，一定用正确运用该条件状语从句，特别注意主句及从句的时态问题，然后用情态动词should或should的否定式shouldn’t给存在问题的人提建议。写时注意文章的条理性，思路要清晰，上下句、段落衔接要自然。
教材中出现的常用句型：
①I think she/he should...我认为她/他应当……
②If she/he...she/he will...如果她/他……她/他将……
③I think talking to someone helps a lot.我认为和某人交谈能有很大帮助。
④I think the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.我认为第一步是找一个你信任的人交谈。
⑤It's best not to run away from our problems.最好不要去逃避我们的问题。
【写作实例】
Mike是一个中学生，沉迷于电脑游戏中，并因此影响了学习。作为Mike的好朋友，你打算怎么帮助他呢？请用下面所给的提示写一篇给他提建议的短文。
提示词语：give up; waste time; be interested in; have a great time
要求：1. 短文中必须包含所有提示词，可适当发挥；
2. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等；
3. 词数80左右。短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
Thanks for your letter. I’m sorry to hear that you are in trouble now. _________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Jim
【思路点拨】
步骤 | 构思 | 列纲 |
1 | 开篇点题：照应题目要求，表示愿意提供帮助 | Don’t worry. Let me help you. |
2 | 用上提示短语：用if引导的条件状语从句和情态动词should进行表述 | … if you…, you will waste lots of time… you should… |
3 | 结尾陈述：并送上祝福 | If you keep studying hard, you’ll have a great time… |
【经典范文】
Dear Mike,
Thanks for your letter. I’m sorry to hear that you are in trouble now. Don’t worry. Let me help you. Playing computer games is very interesting, but if you play too much, you will waste lots of time, and you’ll have little time to do your homework. I think if you give up playing computer games, you may be interested in many other things, like study or sports. Then you will be interested in many other subjects. So you should give up the computer games and study harder. I think if you keep studying hard, you’ll have a great time at school with your good friends.
Yours,
Jim
