揭示二氧化硅负载的镍催化剂在二氧化碳加氢反应中的抗烧结现象
Revealing the anti-sintering phenomenon on silica-supported nickel catalysts during CO2 hydrogenation
Liuqingqing Yang, Tiancheng Pu, Feixiang Tian, Yulian He*, Minghui Zhu*
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.08.028
摘要
二氧化碳(CO2)催化加氢是一种很有前途的直接利用气相二氧化碳的方法。由于镍金属具有优异的加氢能力,在CO2加氢反应中表现出良好的活性,并且存量大、价格低,因此得到了广泛的关注。然而,镍基催化剂在高温下容易烧结,使得催化性能不稳定。在本文中,作者采用了多种表征技术,例如原位XPS、XAS、TEM等,研究了Ni/SiO2在CO2加氢过程中的结构演变,发现在400℃时,9% Ni/SiO2和1% Ni/SiO2均出现了抗烧结现象。作者通过关联催化剂构-效关系得出,在反应时,两组催化剂表面的Ni组分自分散成为更小尺寸的Ni0纳米颗粒,形成活性组分。但有趣的是,这种抗烧结现象使得两组催化剂的实验结果完全不同。其中,9% Ni/SiO2样品的反应活性和CH4选择性随反应时间逐渐增加,这可能是由于自分散形成了丰富的表面Ni0物种;而1% Ni/SiO2样品的CH4选择性明显下降,这可能是由于随着时间的推移,超微Ni0纳米颗粒的形成、扩散并导致了部分二氧化硅载体的介孔被填充(如TOC图)。最后,通过实验还发现了这种自分散现象与反应环境中的H2气体有关,并随着H2浓度的增加而增强。这一发现为进一步研究Ni基催化剂的结构演化和CO2常压加氢反应的产物选择性控制提供了新的思路。
Abstract
The CO2 catalytic hydrogenation represents a promising approach for gas-phase CO2 utilization in a direct manner. Due to its excellent hydrogenation ability, nickel has been widely studied and has shown good activities in CO2 hydrogenation reactions, in addition to its high availability and low price. However, Ni-based catalysts are prone to sintering under elevated temperatures, leading to unstable catalytic performance. In the present study, various characterization techniques were employed to study the structural evolution of Ni/SiO2 during CO2 hydrogenation. An anti-sintering phenomenon is observed for both 9% Ni/SiO2 and 1% Ni/SiO2 during CO2 hydrogenation at 400°C. Results revealed that Ni species were re-dispersed into smaller-sized nanoparticles and formed Ni0 active species. While interestingly, this anti-sintering phenomenon leads to distinct outcomes for two catalysts, with a gradual increase in both reactivity and CH4 selectivity for 9% Ni/SiO2 presumably due to the formation of abundant surface Ni0 from redispersion, while an apparent decreasing trend of CH4 selectivity for 1% Ni/SiO2 sample, presumably due to the formation of ultra-small nanoparticles that diffuse and partially filled the mesoporous pores of the silica support over time. Finally, the redispersion phenomenon was found relevant to the H2 gas in the reaction environment and enhanced as the H2 concentration increased. This finding is believed to provide in-depth insights into the structural evolution of Ni-based catalysts and product selectivity control in CO2 hydrogenation reactions.
作者简介
第一作者
杨柳青青博士:上海师范大学讲师。博士毕业于英国萨里大学化学化工学院。近年来致力于非均相催化合成精细化学品、功能材料的合成与应用等方面的教学科研工作。发表SCI论文十余篇,并受邀参与4部书籍章节撰写。作为负责人主持了上海市“超级博士后”、国家重点实验室开放课题、企业合作等科研项目。
通讯作者
贺玉莲博士:上海交通大学密西根学院、化学化工学院双聘助理教授。博士毕业于美国耶鲁大学化学与环境工程学院。发表SCI论文三十余篇,受邀出版书籍章节4部。研究方向包括催化剂合成与设计、碳一催化、多相催化、构效关系、催化氧化、加氢反应和数据驱动催化剂理性设计。获国家自然科学基金委、国家发改委、上海市科委和企业等多方资助。
朱明辉博士:华东理工大学化工学院特聘教授、博士生导师。本科毕业于浙江大学化学工程专业,博士毕业于美国里海大学,随后在麻省理工学院从事博士后研究。主要研究方向为催化反应工程,致力于发展动态谱学辅助的工业催化剂多尺度设计方法。近年来发表SCI论文60余篇,他引1800余次。主持国家自然科学基金面上和上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划等科研项目,获评上海市高层次人才引进计划、上海高校特聘教授(东方学者)、中国化工学会科学技术奖 “基础研究成果奖” 二等奖。
原文链接
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1001074223003753
引用格式
Liuqingqing Yang, Tiancheng Pu, Feixiang Tian, Yulian He, Minghui Zhu, 2024. Revealing the anti-sintering phenomenon on silica-supported nickel catalysts during CO2 hydrogenation. J. Environ. Sci. 140, 270-278.