“碳中和”专刊系列文章（五）｜钢铁行业多流程生产模式助力‘双碳’目标：深度剖析多种生产流程二氧化碳排放

Multi-process production occurs in the iron and steel industry, supporting ‘dual carbon’ target: An in-depth study of CO₂ emissions from different processes

Hongming Na, Yuxing Yuan, Tao Du*, Tianbao Zhang, Xi Zhao, Jingchao Sun, Ziyang Qiu, Lei Zhang

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.031

钢铁工业是典型的高碳排放行业，减少其二氧化碳排放量是实现“双碳”目标的必经之路，尤其作为世界第一钢产大国的中国。然而，在以往的研究中，高炉-转炉（BF-BOF）、废钢-电炉（scrap-EF）和氢冶金工艺CO₂排放分析同一标准下对比分析并不系统，对影响CO₂排放量的关键因素定量解析仍显不足。基于调整产业结构探究CO₂排放量仍有欠缺。本研究基于物质流分析方法建立了三种工艺的碳素流图，分析了影响二氧化碳排放量的关键因素，进而结合调整产业结构预测了钢铁工业CO₂排放情况。研究结果表明：（1）某企业高炉-转炉、废钢-电炉和氢冶金钢铁生产流程CO₂排放量分别为1417.26 kg、542.93 kg和1166.52 kg。（2）通过提高高炉球团矿比和电炉废钢比等措施，可有效减少钢铁生产流程CO₂排放量。（3）减少粗钢产量是减少CO₂排放最有效措施。此外，除结构调整外钢铁企业还需一系列措施减少额外的5.15亿-6.17亿吨的CO₂排放量。

系统性地对比分析了高炉-转炉、废钢-电炉和氢冶金工艺CO₂排放，并通过物质流分析揭示了碳减排关键因素，从产业结构调整角度预测了钢铁工业碳减排情况，为钢铁工业实现“双碳”目标提供了科学依据。

Reducing CO₂ emissions of the iron and steel industry, a typical heavy CO₂-emitting sector, is the only way that must be passed to achieve the ‘dual-carbon’ goal, especially in China. In previous studies, however, it is still unknown what is the difference between blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), scrap-electric furnace (scrap-EF) and hydrogen metallurgy process. The quantitative research on the key factors affecting CO₂ emissions is insufficient. There is also a lack of research on the prediction of CO₂ emissions by adjusting industrial structure. Based on material flow analysis, this study establishes carbon flow diagrams of three processes, and then analyze the key factors affecting CO₂ emissions. CO₂ emissions of the iron and steel industry in the future is predicted by adjusting industrial structure. The results show that: (1) The CO₂ emissions of BF-BOF, scrap-EF and hydrogen metallurgy process in a site are 1417.26, 542.93 and 1166.52 kg, respectively. (2) By increasing pellet ratio in blast furnace, scrap ratio in electric furnace, etc., can effectively reduce CO₂ emissions. (3) Reducing the crude steel output is the most effective CO₂ reduction measure. There is still 5.15×108-6.17×108 t of CO₂ that needs to be reduced by additional measures.

第一作者

那洪明，东北大学讲师，主要研究方向为：冶金工业系统节能减排理论与技术及其数智化、工业生态学等，在Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews、Resources, Conservation and Recycling、Applied Energy、Energy Conversion and Management、Journal of Cleaner Production、Science of the Total Environment和Energy等高水平杂志发表学术论文40余篇，申请或授权专利和软件著作权10余项。

通讯作者

杜涛，东北大学教授，任国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室主任、工业生态学与节能减排研究所所长、中国金属学会能源与热工分会主任委员等职务，主要研究方向为：工业系统节能减排、低碳能源与低碳技术、物质流能量流协同优化与智能管控、CO₂捕集与利用（CCUS）、工业生态学等。在Applied energy、Resources, Conservation and Recycling、Chemical Engineering Journal等国际高水平学术期刊发表100余篇研究成果。培养博士、硕士研究生100余人，申请或授权专利和软件著作权50余项。

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001074223001432

Hongming Na, Yuxing Yuan, Tao Du, Tianbao Zhang, Xi Zhao, Jingchao Sun, Ziyang Qiu, Lei Zhang, 2024. Constructing extrinsic oxygen vacancy on the surface of photocatalyst as CO₂ and electrons reservoirs to improve photocatalytic CO₂ reduction activity. J. Environ. Sci. 140, 46-58.