特朗普对墨西哥征收关税可能损害中国供应商和美国消费者利益
Trump's tariffs on Mexico may hurt Chinese suppliers, US consumers
Kallanish（开阑商务信息咨询）获悉，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普提议最快于2月份对墨西哥征收贸易关税，这可能会损害中国供应商的利益。
US president Donald Trump’s proposal to impose trade tariffs on Mexico as soon as February, could hurt Chinese suppliers, Kallanish understands.
中国汽车制造商比亚迪、奇瑞和长城汽车已在墨西哥建立生产基地。宁波拓普、浙江三花智能控制和宁波旭升集团等汽车零部件企业也在墨西哥生产汽车零部件。
Chinese automakers BYD, Chery and Great Wall Motor have launched production bases in Mexico. Auto parts companies Ningbo Tuopu, Zhejiang Sanhua Intelligent Controls and Ningbo Xusheng Group are producing auto parts in the country.
虽然从中国进口电动汽车在美国已被征收100%的关税，但新的征税也可能影响从墨西哥进口零部件到美国的供应商。
While the import of electric vehicles from China is already subject to a 100% tariff in the US, the new levies could also impact suppliers that import parts from Mexico to the US.
特朗普在1月20日的就职演说中说：“我们正在考虑对墨西哥和加拿大征收25%的（税），因为他们允许大量人员（越境）……我想（从）2月1日开始。”
“We’re thinking in terms of 25% [levies] on Mexico and Canada, because they’re allowing a vast number of people [over the border]... I think [from] 1 February,” Trump said at his inauguration speech on 20 January.
他说：“我将立即开始全面改革我们的贸易体系，以保护美国工人和家庭。我们将对外国征收关税，让我们的公民收益，而不是向我们的公民征税，让其他国家收益。”
“I will immediately begin the overhaul of our trade system to protect American workers and families,” he says. “Instead of taxing our citizens to enrich other countries, we will tariff and tax foreign countries to enrich our citizens.”
墨西哥汽车零部件是美国汽车工业的关键，据报道，墨西哥约有87%的汽车零部件出口到美国。根据美国国际贸易管理局的数据，墨西哥也是美国进口汽车的主要来源地。同样面临25%进口关税威胁的加拿大是对美第二大汽车出口国。
Mexican auto parts are key for the US auto industry, with around 87% of its exports reportedly going to the US. On the other side of the border, Mexico is also the main source of automotive imports in the US, according to the International Trade Administration. Canada, also threatened with a 25% import tariff, is the second-largest automotive exporter to the US.
根据2020年7月生效的《美墨加协定》，墨西哥生产的汽车可以免关税进口到美国和加拿大。
Based on the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which entered into force in July 2020, vehicles manufactured in Mexico can be imported to the US and Canada tariff-free.
中国政府、各汽车制造商和零部件供应商尚未就特朗普的提议发表评论。此举还可能影响电池和关键矿物的生产和贸易。
The Chinese government and individual carmakers and part suppliers are yet to comment on Trump’s proposal. The move could also impact the manufacture and trade of batteries and critical minerals.
墨西哥总统克劳迪娅·谢因鲍姆此前曾警告说，关税可能会影响两国8,000亿美元的年贸易额，并推高美国的通货膨胀。
Mexican president Claudia Sheinbaum had previously warned that tariffs could affect $800 billion in annual trade between the two countries, and drive inflation in the US.
美国全国零售联合会和消费者技术协会也对征收关税提出警告，称这相当于对企业和消费者征税。
The US National Retail Federation and Consumer Technology Association has also cautioned against the imposition of tariffs, saying they would amount to a tax on businesses and consumers.
普华永道消费者市场行业主管Ali Furman告诉CNBC，与第一任期不同，特朗普的新关税政策影响范围更广，美国消费者可能更难接受零售商提价。
Ali Furman, consumer markets industry leader at PwC, told CNBC that unlike in his first term, Trump's new tariff policy has a wider impact, and American consumers may find it more difficult to accept price increases by retailers.
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