专注时尚法实务 梳理时尚业逻辑
开拓海外业务的同事发来一个需求
Kuwait franchisee requested to brand Arabic name on the shop
科威特的加盟商要求品牌的阿拉伯语放在店铺上
对于店招，是否必须使用当地语言，从逻辑和实践常识推理，笔者是存疑的。
店招LOGO，即商业标识，是一个品牌的符号，符号可以是图形，颜色，形状，不一定必须是文字，更不一定必须是本地文字，对于市场公众和消费者而言，只要记住这个特定的有识别性的象征性的符号即可，如果是文字，本地文字更便于识别记忆发音，如果是外语文字，只要该外语文字符合商标注册要求，不违背当地公序良俗，自然在商业标识店标上，就使用这个商标就足够。
然而，查询其他品牌在科威特当地的店铺实景图
那么科威特当地法律规定到底是如何呢？
科威特2015年《商标法》对于本地文字语言的要求
科威特商业和工业部2015年发布了一项新法规，对商标申请、审查、出版和注册程序进行了修改，并规范了商标的转让、抵押和扣押。
2015年第500号部长决定于2015年12月27日在《官方公报》（第1268期）上发布，并于第二天生效。该决定是根据2015年第13号法律《批准阿拉伯海湾国家合作委员会国家商业商标法（制度）》发布的，该法律于2015年3月22日在《官方公报》（第1228期）上发布。
该部长决定规范商标注册、许可协议、保护期限、转让、抵押和扣押。该决定还扩大了“商标”的定义，包括单一颜色、颜色组合、声音标记和气味标记。后者应以音符和/或书面描述的形式申请。
申请需求 商标申请必须附有：
标记的四个图像；公证和翻译的授权书；商业实践证明；如果该标记不是阿拉伯语，则需要翻译该标记，并解释该标记的发音。
The Kuwaiti Minister of Commerce and Industry has in 2015 issued a new regulation that introduces changes to the trademark application, examination, publication and registration procedures, and governs the assignment, mortgage and seizure of trademarks.
Ministerial Decision No. 500 of 2015 was published in the Official Gazette (Issue 1268) on December 27 2015 and took effect the following day. The decision was issued pursuant to Law No. 13 of 2015 Approving the Law (System) of Commercial Trademarks of the States of Cooperation Council for the Arab Gulf Countries, which was published in the Official Gazette (Issue 1228) on March 22 2015.
The Ministerial Decision governs trademark registrations, licence agreements, the duration of protection, assignment, mortgage and seizure. The decision has also extended the definition of a ‘trademark’ to include single colours, combinations of colours, sound marks and smell marks. The latter should be applied for in the form of musical notes and/or a written description.
Application Requirements
A trademark application must be accompanied by:
four images of the marks
legalised and translated power of attorney
proof of business practice
a translation of the mark if it is not in the Arabic language, with an explanation of how it should be pronounced.
来源：lexology查询
科威特2014年《消费者保护法》对本地语言的要求
在过去的十年里，科威特一直在稳步推进其法律法规的发展和现代化，以反映该国对经济以及社会整体进步的当前和前瞻性态度。科威特居民和政府一直主要关心的一个问题涉及消费者的权利和保护。消费者对假冒伪劣产品和价格的投诉不断，为了确保市场稳定，必须重视消费者保护。这导致了专门的消费者保护法的实施。
广告
第六章规范商品和服务广告。一般来说，商家必须根据科威特、海湾合作委员会或任何其他法律批准的标准规范，以清晰可读的方式以阿拉伯语包含产品的某些详细信息，特别是产品日期;有效期;成分;任何固有危险;以及使用产品时采取的预防措施和避免任何风险。服务提供商必须明确说明所提供服务的详细信息、价格、优势和属性。
第13条规定，在展示产品时，商家必须明确、直接地标明每件产品的价格，服务提供商必须向消费者表明服务的价值。
开具发票 根据第16条，商家必须向消费者提供以阿拉伯语开具的发票，确认产品、销售和购买日期、价格、数量、类型等以及执行条例确定的任何其他详细信息。
In the past 10 years Kuwait has been steadily pursuing the development and modernization of its laws and regulations to reflect the nation’s current and forward-looking attitude in relation to the economy but also the overall progress of its society.
One issue that has always been a major concern for the residents and the government of Kuwait relates to the rights and protection of consumers. Consumers have continually complained about counterfeit and poor-quality products and pricing and in order to ensure market stability, attention must be paid to consumer protection. This has led to the implantation of a dedicated consumer protection law.
Advertising
Chapter Six regulates the advertisement of goods and services. In general, merchants are required to include certain details of a product in Arabic, in a clear and legible manner, in accordance with the standard specifications approved in Kuwait, the GCC or any other law, particularly the product date; the expiration date; the ingredients; any inherent hazards; and the precautions to take in using the products and to avoid any risks. Service providers are required to clearly indicate the details of the service provided, its price, advantages and properties.
Article 13 states that in displaying products, a merchant is required to place the price on each product clearly and directly and a service provider is to indicate the value of the service to the consumer.
Issuing Invoices
Pursuant to Article 16, a merchant is required to provide a consumer with an invoice written in Arabic confirming the product, the date of sale and purchase, the price, the quantity, type etc. and any other details to be determined by the Executive Regulations.
来源：lexology查询
科威特对食品类产品的本地语言标签要求
食品：标签必须显示产品和品牌名称、动物脂肪来源、批号、按比例降序排列的成分、添加剂、以公制单位计的净含量、生产日期、有效期、制造商或包装商的名称和地址、原产地、储存/准备/处理说明以及营养信息（如适用）。所有肉类和家禽产品标签必须证明该产品已按照伊斯兰法屠宰。信息必须是阿拉伯语，但多语言标签也是可以接受的。
Food Products: Labels must show product and brand name, origin of animal fats, batch number, ingredients in descending order of proportion, additives, net contents in metric units, date of production, date of expiration, name and address of manufacturer or packer, country of origin, storage/preparation/handling instructions, and nutritional information where applicable. U.S. nutrition labels will generally be accepted. All meat and poultry products labels must attest that the product has been slaughtered in accordance with Islamic law. Information must be in Arabic, but multi-lingual labels are acceptable.
来源：https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/kuwait-labelingmarking-requirements
美国国际贸易管理官网
科威特《私营部门劳动法》的本地语言要求
来源：商务部
http://policy.mofcom.gov.cn/page/nation/Kuwait.html
https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/dl/gbdqzn/upload/keweite.pdf
科威特《公司法》对本地语言的要求
在公司法中，并未看到任何对语言和文字的要求
来源：https://m.thepaper.cn/baijiahao_20010092
《邓苏宁 译｜科威特公司法立法译介》
阿拉伯语公司法原文
https://www.e.gov.kw/sites/kgoenglish/Forms/QanoonSharekatTejaryieah.pdf
英文翻译链接
https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/zh/legislation/details/19916
在法律检索中，并没有找到有关店铺店招必须使用阿拉伯语的规定
科威特国家法律库咨询
https://www.e.gov.kw/sites/kgoenglish/Pages/ContactUS/ContactUs.aspx
https://www.e.gov.kw/sites/kgoEnglish/Pages/eServices/LegalPortal/Legal.aspx
其他参考
PWC2024年的指引也未提到本地语言的要求
https://www.pwc.com/m1/en/tax/documents/doing-business-guides/dbiku.pdf
AI的查询结果
由于法律查询中，未能找到相关的法律依据，只能求助AI:
在此提醒，法律工作者，AI有风险，使用须谨慎！
法律强制规定还是文化保护
A call to defend Arabic language and culture
What is happening in our Gulf? It feels like there’s a war against our Arabic language, aimed at erasing our culture. The wealthy, who own malls, major stores, restaurant chains and hotels, must defend our culture and language as they are integral parts of our identity — don’t you agree? In hotels, malls and some major restaurants, employees are instructed not to speak Arabic — and where? Here, in the Arabian Gulf! Many have spoken out, scholars have written and studies have highlighted the importance of language in preserving identity.
Yet, the more we raise our voices, the more schools push our children to prioritize learning any language but Arabic. And, each time a seminar or conference is held to support our language, it feels like another attack is waged against it. Decades ago, we were demanding that science be taught in Arabic. Today, we’re asking for something even simpler: That our daily conversations and interactions happen in our own language. An English-speaking foreigner in our countries doesn’t need to know a single Arabic word, but an Arab who doesn’t speak another language will struggle. It’s unbelievable!
In some Gulf airports, you’ll only find foreign books for sale, and if there is an Arabic book, it’s placed in a hidden corner, almost invisible. If you check into a hotel in our countries and don’t speak English, you’ll struggle to communicate — even for something as simple as saying “I want tea” (and “tea” is a universal word!). Yet, hotel staff and employees in major stores are often instructed not to speak Arabic. And where is this happening? Right here in the Arabian Peninsula!
A year ago, I met with the Arabization committee alongside a dedicated group of language defenders from all parts of the Arab world. We shared our concerns, and we even shed tears together. When we requested a pan-Arab conference to defend the Arabic language, we couldn’t find an official or businessman willing to sponsor it. Businessmen who own hotels, malls and major stores: You have a significant responsibility to stand up in support of our nation’s culture. God willing, one of you will take the initiative to create a model Arabic establishment — profitable and proud of its language — right here in our countries. Even those who have become wealthier and expanded beyond the Gulf are responsible for supporting and spreading our language, instead of contributing to its decline, which we witness today with great regret.
We are living through a tsunami of cultural erosion that no one seems able to resist. We Arabs are the only people facing this storm, while others around the world continue to embrace their languages. They study, speak and live in their own tongues in restaurants, hotels, and stores. Some of these countries have populations of just a few million, and some speak languages not even recognized as official by the United Nations, yet they never put another language ahead of their own. They take pride in their language and culture. We ask Allah to guide the businessmen of our Gulf to become champions of our language, preserving the culture of our Arab nation.
来源：https://kuwaittimes.com/article/19115/opinion/others/a-call-to-defend-arabic-language-and-culture/
在2024年之前，科威特长期不允许外国商业在本国运营，所有外国商业必须通过本地代理商才能在本国运营，不排除这些要求是以讹传讹。
New Law issued in Kuwait allowing foreign companies to open branch offices in Kuwait without a local agent
Long awaited legislation allowing foreign companies to open branch offices in Kuwait without a local agent was published in the Official Gazette (Kuwait Al-Yowm) on 21st January 2024.
Law (1) of 2024 Amending Article 24 of Commercial Law No. 68/1980 and Article 31 of Public Tenders Law No. 49/2016, came into effect on 21 January 2024, which is the date of its publication in the Official Gazette. Law (1) of 2024 was first approved in December 2023 by the National Assembly and was issued by H.H the Amir of Kuwait on January 14, 2024.
科威特颁布的新法律允许外国公司在没有当地代理人的情况下在科威特开设分支机构 期待已久的立法于2024年1月21日在《官方公报》（Kuwait Al-Yowm）上公布，允许外国公司在没有当地代理人的情况下在科威特开设分支机构。2024年第（1）号法律修改了第68/1980号商法第24条和第49/2016号公共投标法第31条，于2024年1月21日生效，即其在官方公报上发布的日期。2024年第（1）号法律于2023年12月首次获得国民议会批准，并于2024年1月14日由科威特埃米尔殿下发布。
请留下您对科威特线下店铺的商业标识是否必须使用阿拉伯语，以及相关的法律依据
本地语言要求对商标保护
无论是法律强制要求，抑或是当地文化风俗的潜规则，由于本地语言文字的商标或品牌或名称的实际使用，本地文字语言的商标，面临了一个非常现实的问题：
是否需要申请注册，如不注册是否有风险
A trademark registered in Latin characters against the use of an Arabic (exact or similar) transliteration. If the protection granted by the Courts is limited, it will be useful to register the Arabic name
以拉丁字符注册的商标，去防御用阿拉伯语（精确或类似）音译的商标，是否可以获得执法或司法的自然保护，如果法院给予的保护有限，注册阿拉伯语名称将很有用
