《当代美术家》总第153期-专题研究

崔树强   CUI Shuqiang

本文为国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国汉字书法美学理论体系建构研究”（项目编号：22&ZD049）和国家社会科学基金艺术学重点项目“中国书法美学通史（四卷本）”（项目编号：21AF008）的阶段性成果。

作者简介：崔树强，北京大学美学与美育研究中心研究员、华东师范大学教授，研究方向为书法美学、书法史论。

摘要：作为中国独有的艺术形式，书法不仅与汉字实用书写相形相依，而且与中国传统哲学之间有着内在的、深刻的同构性。书法的创作原理和审美观念中蕴含着独特的中国文化精神和东方智慧。本文从书法与儒家哲学、周易哲学两个方面出发探讨和梳理中国哲学如何渗透和影响中国书法，并对书法的本质、创作、鉴赏、批评以及书法家个人心性修养和人格完善所产生的深刻影响，试图发掘中国书法中所呈现的中国人独特的人文价值。

关键词：书法；儒家；周易；中国传统哲学

［唐］柳公权，《神皇帝巡幸左神策军纪圣德碑》，843年。

Abstract: As a unique art form in China, calligraphy is not only closely related to the practical writing of Chinese characters, but also has an inherent and profound structural similarity with traditional Chinese philosophy. The creation principles and aesthetic concepts of calligraphy contain unique Chinese cultural spirit and Eastern wisdom. This paper explores and elucidates how Chinese philosophy has permeated and influenced Chinese calligraphy from the perspectives of Confucian philosophy and the philosophy of the Book of Changes. It tries to uncover the unique humanistic values presented by Chinese calligraphy.

［意］毕罗   Pietro De Laurentis

作者简介：毕罗，意大利汉学家，中国国家级人才项目入选者、广州美术学院教授、博士生导师，研究方向为书法学、铭刻与写本学、美术文献研究与翻译、中国古代诗歌。

摘要：中国书法对外传播的问题，不仅是美术交流问题，在很大程度上也是中西文明对话平台和视角问题。在今天的世界文化体系中，中国书法担任非常奇特的角色：它既是传统文化宝藏，又是一门前卫的艺术；一方面能够体现中国文明的悠久传统，另一方面可以给拥有其他艺术传统的国家提供新鲜的审美营养。其实，通过客观对待中外交流史以及系统地挖掘相关史料和实物，近代以及古代的对外书法传播情况比我们想象的更为丰富多彩，不仅是古代文明交流史的灿烂篇章，而且是当今全球化的世界应该参考的历史经验。通过历史材料的梳理和当代学术现状的分析，本文拟对将来的书法传播和中西文化交流提出一些想法和建议。

关键词：中西交流；书法传播；审美标准；书法鉴赏；中外翻译

《大唐天竺使出铭》，摩崖碑铭，658 年。

Abstract: The international dissemination of Chinese calligraphy is not only a matter of artistic exchange, but also a platform and perspective for the dialogue between Chinese and Western civilizations. In the current world cultural system, Chinese calligraphy plays a unique role: it is both a treasure of traditional culture and an avant garde art form; on the one hand, it reflects the long tradition of Chinese civilization, and on the other hand, it can provide new aesthetic nutrition for countries with other artistic traditions. If we survey the history of Sino-foreign communications and systematically excavate relevant historical materials, it becomes clear that the dissemination of calligraphy to foreign countries in both modern and ancient times has been more diverse than we might imagine. Its role in historical exchanges between ancient civilizations has been conspicuous and should be a reference in today's globalized world. Reviewing the historical materials and analyzing the contemporary academic status of calligraphy studies, this article makes proposals for the future dissemination of calligraphy and for cultural exchanges between China and the West.

Keywords: communication between China and the West; the dissemination of calligraphy; aesthetic standards; appreciation of calligraphy; Sino-foreign cultural translation

徐建融　XU Jianrong

作者简介：徐建融，上海大学上海美术学院教授，博士生导师，上海市第九届、十届政协委员，享受国务院专家津贴，研究方向为中国美术史与国学艺术。

摘要：本文将近百年的书法分成三代，分别从三代不同的文化背景来分析相应时代书家的书法功力以及才情、器识和书法成就；尤对近三十年来行政化的评比机制对书法生态的意义提出个人的看法。

关键词：近百年书法；“第一口奶”；功力；才情；器识；评奖

吴昌硕，《独鹤赤鲤》，七言联。

Abstract: This article divides nearly one-hundred-year of calligraphy into three generations, analyzing the skills, talents, recognition, and achievements of calligraphers from different cultural backgrounds of each generation. And the author would like to express opinions on the significance of the administrative evaluation mechanism for calligraphy ecology in the past 30 years.

解小青　XIE Xiaoqing

作者简介：解小青，中央美术学院书法学院教授、博士生导师，国家语委语言文字规范标准审定委员，教育部中国书法教育指导委员会高教委员，中国书法家协会理事，研究方向为书法史论与创作研究。

摘要：2023 年教育部印发《关于深入推进学术学位与专业学位研究生教育分类发展的意见》，强化“学术创新型人才”和“实践创新型人才”的分类管理、分类指导、分类保障，完善“学术学位”和“专业学位”两类学位的设置、布局、规模和结构，更加明确研究生教育分类发展、融通创新的长效机制。本文在梳理书法学科专业发展的基础上，探索完善专业学位与学术学位之间互通学习的“立交桥”，同时针对当前高校“专业学位”书法人才培养现状与问题，从教学方法、专业指标等方面展开思考分析。

关键词：书法；教育；分类培养；专业学位；学术学位

睡虎地秦墓竹简，战国晚期及秦始皇时期，长23.1～27.8厘米，宽0.5～0.8厘米，现存湖北省博物馆。

Abstract: In recent years, China has significantly enhanced the quality of high-level education. Within the higher education’s structure, the development of “Applied Degree” education has been vigorously improved, as well as the promotion of both the “Theoretical Degree” and “Applied Degree”. This article focuses on the development of the calligraphy discipline, and discusses the current progress of the “Theoretical Degree” in calligraphy education. It provides analysis and solutions for pedagogy, systematic teaching, professional evaluation indicators, and much more.

王子金　葛华灵　WANG Zijin　GE Hualing

本文为上海市哲社青年项目“上海近现代书法美育文献整理与研究”（项目编号：2023EWY008）阶段性成果。

作者简介：王子金，上海大学上海美术学院硕士，研究方向为书法教育、书法海外传播；葛华灵，上海大学上海美术学院讲师、硕士研究生导师，清华大学美术学院博士，研究方向为明清美术、中西艺术交流。

摘要：本文从书法国际教育实践出发，对海外“兰亭书法学堂”中三所高校的书法教学进行比较研究。从施教者与受教者特点、课程安排与教学目标、教学内容的多维性三个角度分析海外高校书法教学现状，结合当前海外书法教育的整体情况总结归纳存在问题，并提出以教学目标、教学方法、师资培养为核心的海外学堂教学体系完善措施。文章进一步以海外“兰亭书法学堂”为书法国际传播的样本，探讨文化自信背景下书法国际教育的价值与意义，挖掘海外“兰亭书法学堂”的亮点与优势，为今后书法海外教学的开展提供参考和借鉴。

关键词：海外“兰亭书法学堂”；中国书法；书法国际教育；书法美育；书法海外传播

波兰哥白尼大二学生临摹《古诗四帖》，拍摄地点：波兰哥白尼大学，拍摄时间：2019 年 4 月，拍摄者：王子金。

Abstract: Based on the practice of international calligraphy education, this paper makes a comparative study on the teaching of calligraphy at three universities within the overseas “Lanting Academy of Calligraphy”. This paper analyzes the current situation of calligraphy teaching in overseas colleges and universities from three perspectives: characteristics of teachers and recipients, curriculum arrangement and teaching objectives, and multi-dimensional teaching content, summarizes the existing problems in the overall situation of overseas calligraphy education, and puts forward measures to improve the teaching system of overseas schools with teaching objectives, teaching methods and teacher training as the core. This paper further takes overseas “Lanting Academy of Calligraphy” as a sample of calligraphy international dissemination, discusses the value and significance of international calligraphy education under the background of cultural confidence, and explores the highlights and advantages of overseas “Lanting Academy of Calligraphy” to provide reference and reference for the development of overseas calligraphy teaching in the future.

卜德慧　杨吉平　BU Dehui　YANG Jiping

作者简介：卜德慧，阳泉师范高等专科学校讲师，山西师范大学书法专业硕士研究生，研究方向为书法批评；杨吉平，山西师范大学书法学院教授，中国书协评论与传播委员会委员，研究方向为书法批评和书法史。

摘要：书法艺术批评构成了创作活动的深化与发展，其在现有的语言框架内拓展了审美价值的深度，引导读者在作品的二次创造中洞察更加丰厚的审美意蕴与艺术深度。作为书法领域不可或缺的一个环节，书法批评有助于揭示该艺术形式的进展法则及其根本属性，为艺术创作活动奠定了理论基础，并确立了评价准则。因此，在当代语境下，书法批评显得尤为重要且必不可少。

关键词：书法批评；书法理论；深度；语境

［唐］孙过庭，《书谱》，687 年。

Abstract:  Calligraphic art criticism plays a crucial role in deepening and advancing creative activities. It enhances the aesthetic value within the existing linguistic framework, offering readers insights into the richer aesthetic implications and artistic depth achieved through secondary creation. As an integral part of the field of calligraphy, this form of criticism uncovers the principles of artistic progression and the essential attributes of calligraphy, thus providing a theoretical foundation for creative endeavors and establishing evaluation standards. In the contemporary context, calligraphic criticism is both vital and indispensable.