高血压的分级和诊疗丨医学英语视听学习

High blood pressure explained

高血压解读

When your heart beats, it pushes blood through your arteries. This creates pressure against the artery walls. If this pressure is too high, you have high blood pressure.  

心脏跳动时，推动血液通过动脉，从而对动脉管壁产生压力。如果这种压力过高，则会导致高血压。

It's a common disease. But if you don't manage it properly, it can cause health problems.

高血压是一种常见的疾病。但是如果没有合理管理，它会导致健康问题。

Blood pressure is measured with two numbers written like a fraction. The top number is the pressure in your arteries when your heart is pushing out blood. The bottom number is the pressure between beats, when your heart is resting. 

血压是用两个数值表示的，写作分数的形式。上面的数值是心脏排出血液时动脉的压力。下面的数值是心脏静息时，两次心跳之间的压力。

The higher the pressure, the greater your risk for health problems. Normal blood pressure is considered to be less than 120 over less than 80. Elevated blood pressure is 120 to 129 over less than 80.   

压力越大，人体患健康问题的风险就越高。正常血压被认为是低于 120/80 mmHg。血压升高是 120-129/＜80 mmHg。

Stage 1 high blood pressure is when the top number is 130 to 139 or the bottom number is 80 to 89.  

1 级高血压是指上面的数值为 130-139 mmHg，或者下面的数值为 80-89 mmHg。

Stage 2 high blood pressure is when the top number is at least 140 or the bottom number is at least 90. 

2 级高血压是指上面的数值至少为 140 mmHg，或下面的数值至少为 90 mmHg。

If the top number is over 180 and/or the bottom number is over 120, it's called "hypertensive crisis." 

如果上面的数值超过 180 mmHg，和/或下面的数值超过 120 mmHg，则称为“高血压危象”。

You need to make immediate changes in your lifestyle. We don't completely understand the causes of high blood pressure. 

患者需要立即改变生活方式。我们不完全了解高血压的原因。

For many people, it develops slowly over time and it may not have an obvious cause. But in some cases its causes are known. 

许多患者的高血压是随着时间的推移缓慢发展的，可能没有明显的原因。但在某些情况下，原因是已知的。

It can develop because of problems with your kidneys, adrenal glands or thyroid. It can be linked to problems with your artery walls. It can be caused by certain medications, and by alcohol and drug abuse.

它可能由肾脏、肾上腺或甲状腺问题发展而来；它可能与动脉壁问题相关；它可能由某些药物、酒精和药物滥用引起。

You have a higher risk for this disease if you are overweight. Your risk is higher if  you eat a diet high in salt, if you drink a lot of alcohol or if you don't exercise enough. Your risk gets higher as you get older. 

如果患者超重，则患高血压的风险更高。如果高盐饮食，饮酒过多，或者运动量不足，则风险更高。高血压的患病风险随着年龄的增长变得越来越高。

This disease is more common in men, and in black people. And, you have a higher risk if you have a family history of this disease.

高血压更常见于男性和黑人。此外，如果有高血压家族史，则患病风险更高。

You can have high blood pressure for a long time and not realize it. For most people it doesn't cause any obvious symptoms until it becomes severe. 

患者可能久患高血压而不自知。大多数患者在病情变得严重前，并没有任何明显的症状。

If your high blood pressure is not managed properly, it can lead to severe complications. It can cause heart attack, stroke, aneurysm, kidney problems and vision loss.

如果高血压管理不当，可能会导致严重的并发症。它会导致心脏病发作、卒中、动脉瘤、肾脏问题和视力丧失。

Treatment options may include a healthier lifestyle and medications. Your healthcare provider can create a care plan that is right for you.

治疗选择可能包括更健康的生活方式和药物。医务人员将为患者制定适合其个人的治疗方案。