冠心病能逆转吗？丨医学英语视听学习

Can You Reverse Coronary Artery Disease?

冠心病能逆转吗？

More than 360,000 people died from coronary artery disease in 2019, it develops when the arteries in your heart become partially or fully blocked by a fatty material called plaque. As a result, your arteries narrow. Meaning your heart muscle doesn't get the blood flow it needs.

2019 年，超过 360,000 人死于冠心病！冠心病由心脏动脉血管被一种称为斑块的脂肪物质部分或完全堵塞发展而来。因此，动脉血管变窄，这意味着心肌不能获取所需的血流。

Signs of coronary artery disease include chest discomfort that feels like tightness or pressure, being short of breath, having chest pain, especially after walking upstairs.

冠心病的症状包括胸部不适，如胸闷或胸部压迫感，呼吸急促、胸痛，特别是爬楼梯后。

There are many ways to prevent coronary artery disease, but if you've already been diagnosed, is it possible to lessen its effects? 

预防冠心病的方法很多，但如果已经被诊断为冠心病，我们是否有可能减轻它的影响？

Unfortunately, you can't reverse coronary artery disease entirely and there is no cure.However, you can take steps to reduce your risk factors and manage the harmful plaque buildup impacting your health.

遗憾的是，冠心病不能完全逆转，也无法治愈。然而，我们可以采取措施来降低危险因素，管理影响健康的有害斑块积聚。

Statins, short for statin medications, lower your bad cholesterol, which causes plaque to accumulate. 

Statins 是他汀类药物的缩写，可以减少导致斑块积聚的坏胆固醇。

Bad cholesterol levels below 70 milligrams per deciliter can potentially reduce plaque by up to 24%. Taking statins can also stabilize your existing plaque buildup, preventing further damage.

坏胆固醇水平低于 70 毫克/分升最高可使斑块减少 24%。服用他汀类药物也可以稳定现有的斑块堆积，防止进一步损害。

People can sometimes have uncomfortable or harmful side effects after taking statins however, so talk to your doctor about what's best for you.

然而，有时，患者服用他汀类药物后会出现不适或不良副作用，请与医生探讨最适合自己的治疗方案！

If you or a family member has been diagnosed with coronary artery disease, there are several treatment options to consider.

如果您或您的家庭成员被诊断为冠心病，那么您可以考虑一些治疗方法。

The four common approaches are one, make lifestyle changes. Embracing healthy habits is the best first step.

四种常见的方法是：1. 改变生活方式。健康的生活方式是启动治疗最合适的一步。

Lifestyle changes you can make include quitting smoking, taking care of health problems, such as high blood pressure, eating a heart healthy diet, exercising regularly, limiting alcohol intake.

患者可进行的生活方式改变包括戒烟、护理健康问题，如高血压、心脏健康饮食、定期锻炼，限制酒精摄入。

Number two, take medication.

2. 服用药物。

Your doctor may prescribe medications that will lower cholesterol like statins, lower blood pressure, stop angina or chest pain. Reduce the risk of blood clots, lower blood sugar levels if someone is diabetic.

医生可能会开药来降低患者的胆固醇（如他汀类药物）和血压，缓解心绞痛或胸痛。如果患者患有糖尿病，也需要减少血栓形成风险，降低血糖水平。

Three, have a coronary stent procedure.

3.冠状动脉支架植入术手术。

With severe artery blockages, you might need a percutaneous coronary intervention. What's commonly referred to as an angioplasty.

严重动脉堵塞的患者可能需要接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗，也就是通常所说的血管成形术。

First, doctors inserted thin tube called a catheter into an artery on your wrist or leg. This tube has a deflated balloon at the end. Using x-rays as a guide, doctors direct the balloon catheter to the blocked artery.

首先，医生将一根称为导管的细管插入患者手腕或腿上的动脉。导管末端有一个未充气的球囊。医生利用 X 线，将球囊导管直接引导到堵塞的动脉血管。

Then they gently inflate the balloon, which widens the artery and restores blood flow.

然后，他/她们轻轻地给球囊充气，从而增宽动脉血管，恢复血流。

Finally, doctors implant a stent, which looks like a piece of scaffolding, to keep the artery open.

最后，医生植入一个类似于脚手架的支架，来保持动脉打开。

Number four, have coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

4.冠状动脉旁路移植手术。

With this surgery, doctors create new paths for blood to flow around a blocked artery, surgeons carefully remove blood vessels from your chest, arm or leg.

手术时，医生在堵塞的动脉旁边新建一条血流通道。医生仔细地切除来自胸腔、手臂或腿部的血管。

Next, they connect these vessels to existing blood vessels on the heart, so oxygen rich blood can once again flow.

接下来，他/她们将这些血管连接到心脏现有的血管，从而实现富氧血液再次流动。

Deciding the best coronary artery disease treatment depends on how severe your symptoms are, your age, how many arteries are affected, how severely your arteries are affected. You should speak with your doctor and determine the best treatment plan together.

最佳的冠心病治疗决策取决于症状的严重程度、患者的年龄、受影响的动脉数，动脉受影响的严重程度。患者应该与医生沟通，共同确定最佳的治疗方案。

Coronary artery disease is the most common type of heart disease. However, sometimes you won't know you have it until you have a stroke or a heart attack.

冠心病是最常见的心脏疾病。但是，有时，直至出现卒中或心脏病发作，患者才知道自己患有冠心病。

Talk to your doctor if you have a family history of heart disease or are experiencing any coronary artery disease symptoms, early intervention is key to keeping your heart healthy, both now and in the future.

如果你有心脏病家族史，或正在经历任何冠心病的症状，请咨询医生！及早干预是保持心脏健康的关键，无论是现在或将来。