9月13日，全国人大常委会会议表决通过了关于实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄的决定。自此，延迟法定退休年龄改革跻身热搜榜前列。
raise/increase/postpone
the retirement age
“提前退休”
early retirement
延迟退休即延迟退休年龄，可以翻译为：
推行这一政策，一是考虑到现在国民的life expectancy（预期寿命）延长了，而且average intensity of labor（平均劳动强度）也比以前小多了。
2012年，中国的size of working population（劳动人口规模）首次出现了下降。中国的劳力成本低一直是传统的竞争优势，但现在shrinking labor pool（缩水的劳动力储备）使这一demographic dividend（人口红利）开始消退。
Bloomberg: China will increase the retirement age for men from 60 to 63, and for women from 50 and 55 to 55 and 58. This change will take place over 15 years, starting on Jan. 1st, 2025. The approval followed a July announcement by the ruling Communist Party that the retirement age will rise in a “voluntary, flexible manner.”
early retirement则表示“提前退休”。
Chinese lawmakers on Friday voted to adopt a decision on gradually raising the statutory retirement age in the country, marking the first adjustment in the arrangement since 1950s.
本周五，全国人大投票通过了一项关于实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄的决定，这是自上世纪50年代以来首次调整退休年龄。
According to the decision adopted at the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress, the statutory retirement age for men will be gradually raised from 60 to 63 in the course of 15 years starting 2025, while that for women cadres and women blue-collar workers will be raised from 55 to 58 and from 50 to 55, respectively.
根据第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过的决定，从2025年起，将用15年时间，逐步将男职工的法定退休年龄从原60周岁延迟到63周岁，将女职工的法定退休年龄从原50周岁、55周岁，分别延迟到55周岁、58周岁。
Starting 2030, the minimum year of basic pension contributions required to receive monthly benefits will be gradually raised from 15 years to 20 years at the pace of an increase of six months annually.
决定将调整职工按月领取基本养老金最低缴费年限，从2030年起由15年逐步提高至20年，每年提高6个月。
Meanwhile, people will be allowed to voluntarily retire by no more than three years in advance after reaching the minimum year of pension contributions. But it is not allowed to retire earlier than the previous statutory age.
同时，决定允许职工达到最低缴费年限，可以自愿选择提前退休，提前时间最长不超过3年，且退休年龄不得低于原法定退休年龄。
The new policies will also allow individuals to postpone retirement to an even later date if they reach an agreement with employers, but such a delay should be no more than three years.
新政策还将可以在单位与职工协商一致的前提下弹性延迟退休，延迟时间最长不超过3年。
The decision also specifies measures to refine the old-age insurance incentive mechanism, implement the employment-first strategy, ensure the basic rights and interests of workers who have passed their statutory retirement age, and improve elderly care and childcare services.
决定同时明确了健全养老保险激励机制、实施就业优先战略、保障超过法定退休年龄劳动者基本权益、健全养老托育服务体系等。
The document includes specific provisions on welfare for unemployed old-age workers and on earlier retirement for those in special professions.
决定还就大龄失业人员保障和特殊工种等提前退休作出专门规定。
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee made clear arrangements on gradually raising the statutory retirement age in the country.
党的二十大和二十届三中全会就实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄作出明确部署。
The plan passed by lawmakers on Friday was formulated on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the average life expectancy, health conditions, the population structure, the level of education and workforce supply in China.
此次出台的方案是在综合考虑我国人均预期寿命、健康水平、人口结构、国民受教育程度、劳动力供给等因素基础上研究制定的。
"Delaying retirement is a major reform introduced in response to population aging, and is conducive to the full utilization of China's human resources," said Mo Rong, head of the Chinese Academy of Labor and Social Security.
“延迟退休是为了积极应对人口老龄化推出的重大改革，有助于我国人力资源的充分利用。”中国劳动和社会保障科学研究院院长莫荣表示。
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the social security system covering the entire population
翻译原文1
随着经济与社会的发展，中国人口结构发生了显著变化，逐渐步入老龄化社会。中国老年人口将持续增加，人口老龄化趋势将更加明显。为了应对人口老龄化带来的种种挑战，国家正积极采取措施，加大对养老的支持。通过改革社会保障(social security)制度，政府不断增加社会保障经费，逐步扩大社会保障覆盖范围，使更多老年人受益。政府还鼓励各种社会团体为老年人提供服务。在政府和社会团体的共同努力下，老年人将生活得更加幸福。
With the development of economy and society, there is a profound change of population structure in China, making it enter an aging society gradually. As the growing elderly population, the tendency of aging population will become clearer. China is taking positive measures to support more for elderly services in a bid to address various challenges posed by aging population. By implementing the reform of social security, the government has put more money and expanded coverage in terms of social security, providing more benefits for the elders. Besides, a variety of social organizations are encouraged to offer services for old people, so that they can enjoy a happier life through the joint efforts of the government and social organizations.
翻译原文2
近年来，中国老龄人口持续增长。中国政府正采取各种措施，推进养老服务体系建设使老年人晚年生活健康幸福。全国兴建了各类养老服务机构。为了提升养老机构的服务质量，政府颁布了一系列标准，加强对养老机构的监管。许多城市为方便老年人用餐，开设了社区食堂，为他们提供价格实惠的饭菜。行动不便的老年人还能享受上门送餐服务。同时，中国还在积极探索居家和社区养老等其他养老模式，以确保所有老年人老有所养。
参考译文2
In recent years, China's elderly population has continued to grow. The Chinese government is taking various measures to promote the construction of a service system for the elderly, so that the elderly can live a healthy and happy life in their later years. Various service institutions for the elderly have been built across the country. In order to improve the service quality of elderly care institutions, the government has issued a series of standards to strengthen the supervision of elderly care institutions. In order to make it easier for the elderly to eat, many cities have opened community canteens to provide them with affordable meals. Meals on wheels are also available for the elderly with limited mobility. At the same time, China is also actively exploring other old-age care models, such as home-based and community old-age care, to ensure that all elderly people have adequate old-age support.
