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extinction
“ex-（向外）+（s）tinct（刺）”就是“向外拔刺→连根拔起→彻底消灭”，也就是“灭绝的”。加上后缀-ion则构成名词extinction（灭绝）。
世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录将物种保护级别分为九类：Not Evaluated（未予评估）、Data Deficient（数据缺乏）、Least Concern（无危）、Near Threatened（近危）、Vulnerable（易危）、Endangered（濒危）、Critically Endangered（极危）、Extinct in the Wild（野外灭绝）、Extinct（灭绝）。
【例句】
① Action is being taken to try to save a species of fish from extinction.
② Many of the rainforest animals could become extinct in less than 10 years.
devote
de-（加强）+vote（发誓）=devote发下宏愿→献身，致力
【例句】
The professor devotes himself to space exploration.
reduce
re-（=back）+duce（=lead）→向后引导→缩退，还原→减少，降低，缩小
【例句】
① Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year.
② The skirt was reduced to 50 yuan in the sale.
contribute
contribution是contribute的名词形式，意为“捐款；贡献；捐赠”；contributor表示“捐赠者，作出贡献者；促成物”。
【例句】
① I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
② The school sees its job as preparing students to make a contribution to society.
以上内容摘自《英语周报》，版权所有，侵权必究！
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编辑：李 云 排版：李晨晖
一校：孙 星 二校：樊翠芳 三校：史俊艳
初审：尚继明 复审：李晨晖 终审：张 俊
