《轴承》2024年 第10期
引文格式:
谷瑞杰,仝怡,王强,等.角接触球轴承内圈淬回火过程残余应力的演化与分布规律[J].轴承,2024(10):46-54,64.
GU Ruijie,TONG Yi,WANG Qiang,et al.Evolution and Distribution of Residual Stress in Inner Rings of Angular Contact Ball Bearings During Quenching and Tempering Process[J].Beairng,2024(10):46-54,64.
点击文后“阅读原文”下载全文
角接触球轴承内圈淬回火过程
残余应力的演化与分布规律
谷瑞杰 仝怡 王强 陈辽原邢浩
(河南科技大学 机电工程学院,河南 洛阳 471003)
1 建立仿真模型
1.1 材料参数设置
表1 GCr15钢化学成分(质量分数)Tab.1 Chemical composition of GCr15 steel(mass fraction) ( % )
表2 不同温度下GCr15钢的性能参数Tab.2 Property parameters of GCr15 steel under different temperatures
1.2 边界条件设置
1.3 模型准确性校验
表3 内圈直径变动量Tab.3 Variation of inner ring diameter ( mm )
2 残余应力模拟结果分析
2.1 淬火冷却过程中的应力演化机理
2.2 内圈残余应力分布规律
2.3 不同工艺参数对残余应力的影响
3 响应曲面优化试验
3.1 试验方案设计
表4 响应曲面试验设计及仿真结果Tab.4 Response surface experimental design and simulation results
3.2 回归模型的建立及其显著性检验
表5 残余应力回归方程方差分析结果Tab.5 Residual stress regression equation ANOVA results
3.3 响应曲面分析与优化
4 结论
1. SAMUEL A,PRABHU K N.Residual stress and distortion during quench hardening of steels:a review[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2022,31(7):5161-5188.
2. WANG R,JIANG H,SHAO W Z,et al.Quenching induced residue stress in M50 steel ring:a FEM simulation[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2023,24:5298-5308.
3. 李克, 龚淼, 仝大明, 等.0Cr16Ni5Mo1马氏体不锈钢静子叶片热处理工艺模拟[J].热处理,2023,38(6):7-13.
4. 张莹,王德祥,郭峰,等.轴承内圈沟道磨削热应力场有限元仿真分析[J].轴承,2024(6):31-37.
5. LOZANO D E,TOTTEN G E,BEDOLLA-GIL Y,et al.X-ray determination of compressive residual stresses in spring steel generated by high-speed water quenching[J].Materials,2019,12(7):1154.
6. ZHANG P,YUE X J,SUN Y J,et al.Ultrasonic peening-waterjet composite surface modification of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy for residual stress release and transformation mechanism[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2024,1002:175181.
7. 薛河, 贾宇磊, 路景智, 等.残余应力对压痕硬度的影响分析[J/OL].机械设计与制造,1-4[2024-07-20]. https://doi.org/10.19356/j.cnki.1001-3997.20240617.007.
8. 林浩博, 仲崇成, 高玉龙, 等.残余压应力对车轴表面裂纹扩展的仿真研究[J].铁道车辆,2023,61(4):38-41.
9. 张自鹏,刘存,尹凯军.喷丸残余应力对加筋壁板压缩强度的影响研究[J].机械强度,2020,42(2):492-498.
10. 罗家元,贾二锁.淬火残余应力对铝合金厚板裂纹应力强度因子及扩展趋势的影响[J].金属热处理,2020,45(5):210-214.
11. BRUNBAUER S, WINTER G, ANTRETTER T, et al.Residual stress and microstructure evolution in steel tubes for different cooling conditions-simulation and verification[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2019, 747:73-79.
12. FAN M L,CHEN C Y,XUAN H J,et al.Effect of residual stress induced by different cooling methods in heat treatment on the fatigue crack propagation behaviour of GH4169 disc[J].Materials,2022,15(15):5228.
13. WANG R,JI X Y,QIAN B Z,et al.Residual stress distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 316L/Q235 composite plate during heat treatment[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2022,31(8):6933-6942.
14. ZHU K,XIONG B Q,LI X W,et al.Finite element simulation on residual stress during immersion quenching and pre-stretching of Al7055 thick plates[J].Materials Research Express,2022,9(2):026525.
15. YANG G,XUE B,LI Z,et al.Influence of stress field and temperature field on residual stress of 2A14 aluminum alloy based on in situ SAXS method[J].Materials (Basel),2022,16(1):170.
16. LIU Y,QIN S W,HAO Q G,et al.Finite element simulation and experimental verification of internal stress of quenched AISI 4140 cylinders[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2017,48(3):1402-1413.
17. 郑金涛,张文虎,邓四二,等.调心滚子轴承感应淬火工艺与组织性能的数值模拟[J].材料热处理学报,2020,41(2):133-141.
18. ALI LOUHICHI M,POULACHON G,LORONG P,et al.Modeling and validation of residual stresses induced by heat treatment of AA 7075-T6 samples toward the prediction of part distortion[J].Machining Science and Technology,2023,27(3):247-267.
19. AKKAYA P,KAD\IO\UGLU Y K.Dissolution behavior of chromite mineral impurities in raw materials of glass production using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy methods[J].Spectroscopy Letters,2024,57(3):186-199.
20. 张立文,朱大喜,王明伟.淬火冷却介质换热系数研究进展[J].金属热处理,2008,33(1):53-56.
21. 朱祥龙,谢帅,董超群,等.基于响应曲面法的凹坑换热管挤压成形力学行为数值模拟[J].锻压技术,2023,48(4):110-120.
22. 贺连芳,赵国群,李辉平,等.基于响应曲面方法的热冲压硼钢B1500HS淬火工艺参数优化[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(8):77-82.
23. 王彪,王晓强,田英健,等.基于MOCS算法的超声滚挤压轴承套圈加工参数优化[J].塑性工程学报,2024,31(6):59-66.
24. 魏文婷,赵天翼,柯锦哲,等.汽车轮毂轴承内圈感应回火温度均匀性的数值模拟[J].金属热处理,2023,48(5):129-137.
Evolution and Distribution of Residual Stress in Inner Rings of Angular Contact Ball Bearings During Quenching and Tempering Process
GU Ruijie TONG YiWANG Qiang CHEN LiaoyuanXING Hao
Abstract: Higher residual stresses in bearing inner rings are often generated during heat treatment, which leads to a reduction in service life and operational stability. In order to reduce the residual stress in inner rings after heat treatment and improve its working performance, the inner rings of 7008C angular contact ball bearings are taken as research objects. Firstly, the elemental content of materials for inner rings is measured by direct reading spectrometer, and the material property parameters are obtained by Jmatpro software. Secondly, a numerical simulation model of inner rings during quenching and tempering is established to study the evolution mechanism and distribution law of residual stress in inner rings and the influence of process parameters on residual stress. Finally, with reduction of residual stress as optimization index, a regression model is established using response surface methodology to optimize the process parameters. The results show that the maximum residual stress in inner ring raceway is about 129 MPa after quenching, and its value is reduced to 71.6 MPa after tempering;the influencing degree of quenching and tempering process parameters on residual stresses from large to small is quenching heating temperature, quenching oil temperature, tempering time, tempering temperature;the optimal combination of quenching and tempering process parameters is quenching heating temperature of 820 ℃, quenching oil temperature of 88 ℃, tempering temperature of 207 ℃ for 2 h.
作者简介:谷瑞杰(1980—),博士,教授,主要从事金属材料先进加工技术研究,E-mail:jackgu0214@163.com。
通讯作者:王强(1990—),博士,讲师,主要从事轴承零件热处理控形控性研究,E-mail:Wangq166992@163.com。
基金信息: 工信部高质量发展专项项目(TC220H05V-03);河南省重点研发专项项目(231111221000)
中图分类号: TH133.33;TG156
文章编号:1000-3762(2024)10-0046-09
文献标识码: B
收稿日期:2024-07-25
修回日期:2024-09-04
出版日期:2024-10-05
网刊发布日期:2024-10-08
本文编辑:李畅