迪拜创新的城市冷却技术：区域冷却的工作原理

The challenges of cooling in desert climates

迪拜的气候与整个阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）的气候一样，属于干旱沙漠气候，只有冬夏两季。冬季平均气温在 16.4°C 至 24°C 之间，夏季气温极高，在 32°C 至 37.2°C 之间，南部地区有时甚至高达 50°C。

Dubai’s climate, like that of the entire United Arab Emirates (UAE), falls into the arid desert category, with only two distinct seasons: winter and summer. In winter, average temperatures range between 16.4°C and 24°C, while summer brings extremely high temperatures from 32°C to 37.2°C, occasionally reaching up to 50°C in southern regions.

降雨量稀少且不规律，年平均降雨量仅为 140 至 200 毫米。阿联酋还经常遭遇强烈的沙尘暴，当地人称之为 “沙马尔风”。

Rainfall is scarce and irregular, with an annual average of only 140 to 200 mm. The UAE also experiences intense sandstorms, locally known as shamal winds.

在这种炎热的气候下，室内必须持续降温。气候变化对阿联酋建筑制冷需求的影响 "一文强调，在阿联酋，高达 80% 的建筑总电力需求用于制冷。

In this scorching climate, interiors must be consistently cooled. The paper ‘Impacts of climate change on building cooling demands in the UAE’ highlights that up to 80% of a building’s total electricity demand in the UAE is dedicated to cooling.

受气候变化影响，该地区的年平均气温预计将升高约 3°C，而相对湿度的降幅则微乎其微。这将导致建筑物对制冷能源的需求增加。具体而言，该研究预计到 2050 年将增加 22.2%，到 2080 年将增加 40.0%，如果不采用可再生冷却源和智能系统，这一增幅将难以为继。

Climate change effects in the region are expected to raise average annual temperatures by around 3°C, with minimal reductions in relative humidity. This will consequently drive an increased demand for energy to cool buildings. Specifically, the study estimates an increase of 22.2% by 2050 and 40.0% by 2080—levels that would be unsustainable without the adoption of renewable cooling sources and smart systems.

Dubai’s pioneering cooling district

2020 年，迪拜迎来了一个里程碑，全球最大的城市冷却系统供应商阿联酋中央冷却系统公司（Empower）在朱美拉村（Jumeirah Village Circle）启动了首个遥控冷却厂的试点项目。

In 2020, Dubai reached a milestone when Emirates Central Cooling Systems Corporation (Empower), the world’s largest urban cooling provider, launched a pilot for the first-ever remote-controlled cooling plant in Jumeirah Village Circle.

该工厂与 Empower 的中央智能指挥控制中心相连，该中心采用先进的 SCADA 系统，能够处理来自塔架、冷却器、变压器和供水系统的 100 多万条数据。该工厂的总制冷量为 49,000 吨，可为 114 座建筑提供制冷。

The plant is connected to Empower’s centralized Smart Command Control Center, which operates with an advanced SCADA system capable of processing over one million data entries from towers, covering coolers, transformers, and water supplies. The plant has a total cooling capacity of 49,000 tons, supplying 114 buildings.

冷却设备还利用人工智能来监控进出冷却设施的水流。通过热能储存技术，它有助于降低高峰时段的网络负荷。

The cooling plant also utilizes artificial intelligence to monitor water flow to and from the cooling facility. Through thermal energy storage technology, it helps reduce network load during peak hours.

首家工厂的成功促使公司宣布将在同一地区的另外两个地点建设第二家工厂。具体来说，这两家工厂将分别位于占地 560 公顷的朱美拉环形村和占地 242 公顷的朱美拉三角村。

The success of this initial plant has led to the announcement of a second plant to be constructed at two additional sites within the same area. Specifically, these plants will be located in Jumeirah Village Circle, covering 560 hectares, and Jumeirah Village Triangle, spanning 242 hectares.

新工厂将采用最先进的冷却技术，旨在最大限度地提高能效和减少耗水量。新工厂的产能约为 37,000 制冷吨，将为迪拜这一热门地区的住宅楼、商业综合体和酒店提供服务。

The new plant will feature state-of-the-art cooling technologies aimed at maximizing energy efficiency and reducing water consumption. With a production capacity of approximately 37,000 cooling tons, the new plant will serve residential buildings, commercial complexes, and hotels in this popular Dubai district.

朱美拉村项目是 Empower 最大的城市冷却计划之一，该公司计划在迪拜共建立六个下一代区域冷却厂，总冷却能力达 25.6 万吨。

The Jumeirah Village project is one of Empower’s largest urban cooling initiatives, as the company plans to establish a total of six next-generation district cooling plants in Dubai, with a combined cooling capacity of 256,000 tons.