Felicia Brittman通过编辑200多篇中国理工科研究生撰写的英文论文，观察和总结了一些最常见的语法错误和表达习惯问题。她在文章中对这些问题举例说明，并给出了示范文本和修改建议。
本系列基于Felicia Brittman的文章 The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students （www.SciEI.com），将这些易错点一一道来，帮助JDIS用户避免这些问题，提高英语论文的写作水平。
第一节 “a, an, the”
这是最常见的语法错误。Felicia 指出这种情况是因为中文里没有冠词（article），而且对于非母语人士来说，使用冠词的规则有点复杂。
冠词表明后面将有一个名词，并且冠词和名词之间的任何修饰语都是指该名词(a big blue bicycle / the first award)。A 和 an 是不定冠词，the是定冠词。每次使用单数不可数名词或一般可数名词时，都需要加上某种冠词。
“a, an, the” 的常见错误
PART
01
1) 在需要的地方被省略，
2) 在不需要的地方使用或导致冗长，
3) 使用了错误的冠词。
错误用法示例
PART
02
Incorrect：Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of main and splitter blades.1
Correct：Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on the surface of the main and splitter blades.1
Incorrect：The software PowerSHAPE is chosen to be a 3D modeling tool; it is good at dealing with free surfaces and curves.2
Correct：The software PowerSHAPE is chosen to be the 3D modeling tool; it is good at dealing with free surfaces and curves.2
There was only one 3D modeling tool used in this study, therefore ‘3D modeling tool’ is specific and requires the article the.
Incorrect：A theoretical method for calculating the inner flow-field in centrifugal impeller with splitter blades and investigation of the interactions between main and splitter blades is presented in this paper. The vortices are distributed on the main and splitter blades to simulate the effects of flows. Systematical study of number and distribution of vortices is conducted.1
Correct：A theoretical method for calculating the inner flow-field in a centrifugal impeller with splitter blades and an investigation of the interactions between main and splitter blades is presented in this paper. The vortices are distributed on the main and splitter blades to simulate the effects of flows. A systematical study of the number and distribution of vortices is conducted.1
Incorrect：Theoretically, remanufacturing could fully take advantage of resources contained in EOF product thereby minimizing impact on environment to the greatest extent compared to landfill or recycling of materials; consequently it contributes greatly to resource conservation.3
Correct：Theoretically, remanufacturing could fully take advantage of resources contained in an EOF product thereby minimizing the impact on the environment to the greatest extent compared to landfill or recycling of materials; consequently it contributes greatly to resource conservation.3
When to use a, an, and the
PART
03
尾注：
1.ZHANG Wenqiang, YAN Heqing, HUANG Xuemei, WEI Bin, and WANG Chengtao, ‘3D Modeling and Rapid Prototyping for Dentition Defect Restoration’, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200030, China, The Ninth People’s Hospital, Attached to Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200011, China, 2003
2.LIU ZhengHua, TONG TieFeng, ‘Critical Heat Flux of Steady Boiling for Subcooled Water Jet Impingement on the Flat Stagnation Zone’, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China, 2003
3.WANG Jian, LIN ZhongQin, ZHANG YiZhu, ‘Matching Clearance Analysis for Sheetmetal Assembly’, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2003
未完待续……
