DOI:10.3724/j.issn.1674-4969.20240058
中文“工程”概念史的考证与演进
1 中国历史上的“工程”
2 西方“Engineering”的传入
3 中国人对“工程”的认识过程
The Evidence and Evolution of the History of the Chinese Concept of "Engineering"
This article explores the historical evolution of the Chinese concept of "engineering" and its development trajectory in the global context. It begins with a clear definition of the core concept of engineering - a system of products that humans use natural resources to achieve established goals through labor and continuous management. It then analyzes the scarcity of ancient engineering-relatedliterature and the shift in understanding of the concept of engineering in modern China.The full text is divided into several core parts. Firstly, it traces the origin and evolution of the word "engineering" in ancient China, explains its multiple meanings in ancient Chinese, and reveals the process of the gradual clarification of the concept of "engineering" in the late Qing Dynasty. Secondly, it discusses the introduction of the Western concept of "engineering" and its role in promoting modern Chinese industrialization process, with a particular focus on the establishment of the "Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau" and the translation and publication of engineering and technology books.Next, the article elaborates on the evolution of the Chinese engineers' understanding of engineering concepts. Especially during the period of the Reform Movement and the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty, with the introduction and construction of new factories, the importance of engineering knowledge became increasingly prominent. Among them, the outstanding contributions of the first generation of engineers such as Zhan Tianyou have attracted much attention. They not only constantly explored in practice, but also actively promoted the construction of engineering disciplines and the cultivation of engineering talents in China.In addition, the article also mentioned the establishment of engineering societies and the founding of the magazine "Engineering", which played a crucial role in promoting and deepening the concept of engineering. By analyzing the practice and theoretical development of modern Chinese engineering, it showed the trajectory of the concept of "engineering" in modern Chinese society and its profound impact on social development.This article provides us with a unique perspective to interpret the social changes in modern China through a detailed textual research on the history of the concept of "engineering" in Chinese and an in-depth reflection on the industrialization and technological development in modern China.
引用本文: 李伯聪, 钟少华, 戴吾三, 等. 中国近现代工程史研究笔谈[J]. 工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程, 2024, 16(3): 208-219. DOI: 10.3724/j.issn.1674-4969.20240058 (Li B C, Zhong S H, Dai W S, et al. Essays on Modern Chinese Engineering History[J]. Journal of Engineering Studies, 2024, 16(3): 208-219. DOI: 10.3724/j.issn.1674-4969.20240058)
作者简介:钟少华(1938—),男,研究员,研究方向为口述史、概念史。E-mail: zhsh1938@163.com