十天政变闹剧：韩国总统从戒严到弹劾的惊魂时刻 | 经济学人

财富 2024-12-15 12:51 美国

写在前面

1.重点单词

Reckoning - 清算，审判

Impeach - 弹劾

Martial law - 戒严令

Anthem - 颂歌

Turbulence - 动荡

Affirmative - 肯定的

Threshold - 门槛

Technocrat - 技术官僚

Straightforward - 直截了当的

Treason - 叛国罪

Déjà vu - 似曾相识

Accountability - 问责制

Decentralise - 分权

2.词组

National Assembly - 国民议会

Short-lived attempt - 短暂的尝试

Defiant stance - 挑衅的姿态

Constitutional court - 宪法法院

Top legal body - 最高法律机构

Final ruling - 最终裁决

Approval ratings - 支持率

Public opinion - 公众舆论

Impromptu dance party - 即兴舞会

No-fly list - 禁飞名单

Abuse of power - 滥用职权

Political reform - 政治改革

Unicameral legislature - 一院制立法机构

3.固定搭配

Carry out tests - 进行测试

Make sense of - 理解

Hold qualifications - 拥有资格

Adjust for - 针对...进行调整

Harp on about - 喋喋不休地谈论

Do badly in - 表现不佳

Lead nowhere good - 不会有好结果

Creep up - 缓慢上升

Junking tests - 废弃测试

Underestimate the trickiness - 低估难度

Sap funding - 消耗资金

Embark on courses - 开始课程

4.文章概述：

韩国总统尹锡悦因短暂宣布戒严令而遭国会弹劾，立即被停职。这场政治风波始于12月3日尹锡悦宣布戒严，次日清晨又撤回决定。国会以204票赞成、超过三分之二多数通过弹劾案，包括12名执政党议员。宪法法院将在180天内作出最终裁决。尹锡悦支持率跌至11%，75%韩国民众支持弹劾。此事引发韩国民众对政治体制改革的呼声，反思总统制的弊端。

5.问题（如何读完文章能很快回答这几个问题，证明我们真正读懂了这篇文章）：

Q: Why was President Yoon Suk Yeol impeached?

A: Because of his brief declaration of martial law.

Q: How many votes were needed in the National Assembly to pass the impeachment?

A: More than two-thirds majority was required, and it actually received 204 votes in favor.

Q: What happens after the impeachment motion is passed?

A: Yoon is immediately suspended from office, and the Constitutional Court will make a final ruling within 180 days.

精读|翻译|词组

Asia | Systemic failure

South Korea’s president is impeached

Yoon Suk Yeol’s declaration of martial law destroyed his presidency. For the country the reckoning has just begun

THE DAY of reckoning has arrived for Yoon Suk Yeol, South Korea’s president. The country’s National Assembly voted on December 14th to impeach him for his short-lived attempt to impose martial law earlier this month. Outside the assembly, crowds of tens of thousands erupted into cheers and applause when the results were announced; demonstrators embraced and shed tears. “Into the New World”, a hit K-pop-song-turned-protest anthem by Girls’ Generation, rang out from the speakers: “The end of wandering that I was longing for.”

The impeachment marks the end of an extraordinary ten days. Late on December 3rd, Mr Yoon declared martial law—only to pull back early the following morning in the face of opposition from the parliament, his own party and the public. Mr Yoon’s party, the People’s Power Party (PPP), boycotted a first impeachment motion on December 7th. Following that disappointing result, “I was sad, so I went drinking,” says Kim Seong-nam, an electronics-company employee who has come out to protest four times since the martial law declaration.

Mr Yoon’s defiant stance in the ensuing week turned even some in his own party against him. The PPP participated in the second impeachment proceeding, with 12 of its members voting in favour. That pushed the motion over the required two-thirds threshold, with 204 of 300 lawmakers voting to impeach the president. This time, “I am happy, so I’ll go drinking!” says Mr Kim.

Yet the turbulence is far from over. The affirmative vote in the assembly triggered Mr Yoon’s immediate suspension from office; the prime minster, Han Duck-soo, a career technocrat appointed by the PPP, has taken over as acting president. The impeachment now passes to the constitutional court, the country’s top legal body, which has up to 180 days to issue a final ruling. Given the urgency of the case, the proceedings may move more swiftly: the court took 92 days to uphold the impeachment of Park Geun-hye, a former president, in 2017; the case against Roh Moo-hyun, one of her predecessors, in 2004, took just 64, with the court overturning the impeachment. “I hope they’ll rule quickly,” Mr Kim says. “The longer the uncertainty lasts, the more damage it does for us.”

The case at the court is hardly straightforward. Following the retirement of three justices in October, only six of the nine seats are currently filled. Six affirmative votes are necessary to rule on impeachment; one of the justices is a conservative appointed directly by Mr Yoon. (The remaining seats may be filled before the case is heard.) Following the impeachment vote Mr Yoon pledged to “never give up”. Allies say he believes he did nothing illegal; he will try to argue to the court that imposing martial law was within his authority as president, and that he followed proper constitutional procedures for doing so. The president and some in his party “seem to have a different view of reality”, says Jung Bo-ram, a protester who brought her two young children to the demonstration on December 14th.

The court tends to take public opinion into account. Mr Yoon’s approval ratings have fallen to as low as 11%; some 75% of South Koreans believe he should be impeached. “The justices know where the South Korean people stand. Just look at this crowd,” says Park Song-mi, a screenwriter, gesturing to an impromptu dance party that broke out near the National Assembly in the wake of the vote. If the court does uphold the impeachment, new presidential elections must be held within two months.

Mr Yoon also faces a possible separate criminal trial for treason. Investigators have already placed him on a no-fly list and attempted to search the presidential office. Ms Park was first impeached, and then convicted on corruption and abuse of power charges. She served nearly five years of a 20-year sentence in prison, before being pardoned by Moon Jae-in, Mr Yoon’s predecessor.

For many Koreans, the sense of déjà vu is unsettling. “We didn’t quite work out the kinks last time,” Ms Park laments. Calls for more fundamental political reform are building again. When South Korea democratised in the late 1980s, the country adopted a system with a powerful president limited to a single five-year term and checked by a unicameral legislature. A more straightforward parliamentary system or introducing multiple, shorter presidential terms could help improve accountability and decentralise power. The current system “has reached the end of its lifespan”, Yoon Young-kwan, a former foreign minister, argued in a recent column in the JoongAng, a South Korean daily, noting that in the past four decades, four presidents have been imprisoned and now two impeached. “How long will we tolerate this kind of political situation?” For South Korea as a whole, the reckoning has only just begun.

打造

独立思考 | 国际视野 | 英文学习

小组

01 经济学人打卡营

每周一到周六阅读经济学人

并在群里以及小鹅通内写分享

分享是文章的总结或者观点或者语音打卡

字数不少于100字，中英文都可以

群里每周免费分享最新外刊合集

点击下图，即可了解打卡营详情！

02 早起打卡营

两年以来，小编已经带着25000多人早起打卡

早起倒逼自己早睡，戒掉夜宵，戒掉手机

让你成为更好的自己，创造早睡早起的奇迹！

早起是最简单的自律！

早起打卡营

欢迎你的加入！

点击下图，即可了解打卡营详情！

一天一篇经济学人

现在很多人都不知道自己热爱什么，追求什么，只是找到一个标签后就认为找到了人生的意义。我们是谁不重要，我们想成为谁很重要！当你什么都没有的时候，你想尽可能多的包装自己；当你内心充盈足够自信的时候，你只想做你自己，而且是更好的自己。

最新文章

乐高帝国的秘密：从积木到数字，玩具之王如何征服全球 | 经济学人

文学巨著能拍成经典电视剧吗？ | 经济学人文化

第144期六点早起打卡营(1223-0118)

第二十八期经济学人打卡营(1223-0118)

本田日产联姻：传统车企的救命稻草还是最后挣扎？

成年人正在丧失阅读的能力吗？| 经济学人财经

第144期六点早起打卡营(1223-0118)

第二十八期经济学人打卡营(1223-0118)

韩国：虎头蛇尾的政变，危机重重的国家 | 经济学人社论

第144期六点早起打卡营(1223-0118)

第二十八期经济学人打卡营(1223-0118)

中译英｜琼瑶——雪花翩然落地

本周封面故事 | 阿萨德倒台后的叙利亚：自由的曙光还是新的噩梦？

第二十七期经济学人打卡营

十天政变闹剧：韩国总统从戒严到弹劾的惊魂时刻 | 经济学人

十岁孩子文学水平都比我们强？| 经济学人

第143期六点早起打卡营(最后1天）

第二十七期经济学人打卡营(最后1天）

2025年大学生暑期赴美带薪实习项目（最后6个名额）

激励员工新思路：别再搬乔布斯的金句了 | 经济学人商业

第二十七期经济学人打卡营

第143期六点早起打卡营

网飞版《百年孤独》：魔幻现实主义的视觉盛宴 | 经济学人文化

阿萨德倒台后的叙利亚：谁将掌舵这个四分五裂的国家 | 经济学人社论

“电锯狂人”米莱：大自我，小政府 | 经济学人社论

第二十七期经济学人打卡营

第143期六点早起打卡营

2025年大学生暑期赴美带薪实习项目（最后10个名额）

本周封面故事 | 法国政府崩溃：政治危机与经济挑战

霉霉：资本主义女王还是亲民巨星？ | 经济学人社论

红杉资本的转型困境：风投巨头如何重塑自我？| 经济学人商业

第二十六期经济学人打卡营

第142期六点早起打卡营

华尔街的"伟人论"：金融巨头如何主宰市场 | 经济学人财经

法国政坛地震：总理被罢免引发政治危机 | 经济学人社论

牛津词典2024年年度词汇——brain rot（脑残）

韩国24小时政变风云：总统戒严令引发民主危机| 经济学人

硕士学位：教育军备竞赛还是人生陷阱？ | 经济学人社论

第二十六期经济学人打卡营

第142期六点早起打卡营

英特尔CEO突然离职：科技巨头陷入困境 | 经济学人

第二十六期经济学人打卡营

第142期六点早起打卡营

耳朵阅读新时代:经典文学与流行音乐同台竞技 | 经济学人

本周封面故事 | 乌克兰和平谈判：棋局还是陷阱？

第二十五期经济学人打卡营（最后1天）

第141期六点早起打卡营（最后1天）

Dictionary.com2024年年度词汇——Demure

剑桥词典2024年年度词汇——manifest

分类

时事

民生

政务

教育

文化

科技

财富

体娱

健康

情感

旅行

百科

职场

楼市

企业

乐活

学术

汽车

时尚

创业

美食

幽默

美体

文摘

原创标签

时事社会财经军事教育体育科技汽车科学房产搞笑综艺明星音乐动漫游戏时尚健康旅游美食生活摄影宠物职场育儿情感小说曲艺文化历史三农文学娱乐电影视频图片新闻宗教电视剧纪录片广告创意壁纸头像心灵鸡汤星座命理教育培训艺术文化金融财经健康医疗美妆时尚餐饮美食母婴育儿社会新闻工业农业时事政治星座占卜幽默笑话独立短篇连载作品文化历史科技互联网

发布位置

广东北京山东江苏河南浙江山西福建河北上海四川陕西湖南安徽湖北内蒙古江西云南广西甘肃辽宁黑龙江贵州新疆重庆吉林天津海南青海宁夏西藏香港澳门台湾美国加拿大澳大利亚日本新加坡英国西班牙新西兰韩国泰国法国德国意大利缅甸菲律宾马来西亚越南荷兰柬埔寨俄罗斯巴西智利卢森堡芬兰瑞典比利时瑞士土耳其斐济挪威朝鲜尼日利亚阿根廷匈牙利爱尔兰印度老挝葡萄牙乌克兰印度尼西亚哈萨克斯坦塔吉克斯坦希腊南非蒙古奥地利肯尼亚加纳丹麦津巴布韦埃及坦桑尼亚捷克阿联酋安哥拉