China Space Station on Wednesday welcomed the arrival of the new batch of residents - the youngest-ever crew comprising of Shenzhou-19 mission commander Cai Xuzhe and new taikonaut Song Lingdong and female taikonaut Wang Haoze, both of whom were born in 1990, at 12:51 pm, after the manned spacecraft successfully docked with the space station combination at 11 am, 6.5 hours after the lift-off from northwest China's Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
周三，中国空间站迎来了新一批“入住者”——由神舟十九号任务指令长蔡旭哲以及两位均出生于1990年的新航天员宋灵东和王浩泽（女）组成的史上最年轻乘组。上午11时，载人飞船从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空6.5小时后，成功与空间站组合体对接；当日下午12时51分，新一批航天员顺利入驻空间站。
Wang Ya'nan, chief editor of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said the Shenzhou-19 mission is unique. With its young lineup, the involvement of a female taikonaut and scheduled experiments during the mission, including the unprecedented exposure experiment of the bricks made from simulated lunar soil - a potential building material for future habitats on the moon, the mission carries great importance for the country's development of future manned lunar projects.
总部位于北京的《太空探索》杂志主编王亚男表示，神舟十九号任务具有独特性。此次任务乘组呈现年轻化且有女性航天员参与，并计划在任务期间进行多项实验，包括前所未有的由模拟月壤制成的砖块暴露实验——这是未来月球栖息地的一种潜在建筑材料，对于国家未来载人登月项目的发展具有重要意义。
Cai returned to the China Space Station on the Shenzhou-19 manned mission just 22 months after his last flight on Shenzhou-14, setting a record for the shortest interval between missions in the history of Chinese taikonauts. Song and Wang were both born in 1990 and are members of the country's third batch taikonauts. The Shenzhou-19 mission is their debut in space. Wang is also the country's first female spaceflight engineer, according to the China Manned Space Agency on Tuesday.
蔡旭哲在距离上次神舟十四号飞行任务仅22个月后，再次乘坐神舟十九号载人飞船返回中国空间站，创下了中国航天员任务间隔最短的历史纪录。宋令东和王浩泽均出生于1990年，是我国第三批航天员的成员。神舟十九号任务是他们的首次太空飞行。根据中国载人航天工程办公室周二的消息，王浩泽还是我国首位女性航天飞行工程师。
This mission marks the fourth crewed flight in the application and development phase of the space station and the 33rd flight of China's manned space program. Its primary goals are to complete an in-orbit crew rotation with the Shenzhou-18 crew, reside on the space station for about six months, conduct space science and application experiments, perform extravehicular activities (EVAs), manage cargo entry and exit, install and recover space debris protection devices and other external equipment on the space station, Lin Xiqiang, a CMSA spokesperson, revealed at a press conference on Tuesday.
此次任务是空间站应用与发展阶段的第四次载人飞行任务，也是中国载人航天工程的第三十三次飞行任务。其主要目标是完成与神舟十八号乘组的在轨轮换，在空间站驻留约六个月，开展空间科学与应用实验，进行出舱活动，管理货物进出，安装和回收空间站上的空间碎片防护装置和其他外部设备等，中国载人航天工程办公室发言人林西强在周二的新闻发布会上透露。
The mission will also involve public outreach, space education, and payload experiments to further enhance space station operational efficiency and maximize its overall utility, Lin said.
林西强表示，此次任务还将涉及科普宣传、太空教育和有效载荷实验，以进一步提高空间站的运行效率，最大限度地发挥其整体效用。
During their stay in orbit, the Shenzhou-19 crew will receive the Tianzhou-8 cargo spacecraft and the Shenzhou-20 crewed spacecraft, with their return to the Dongfeng landing site scheduled in late April or early May, said the spokesperson.
该发言人说，在轨期间，神舟十九号乘组将迎接天舟八号货运飞船和神舟二十号载人飞船，并计划于4月底或5月初返回东风着陆场。
After the in-orbit crew rotation with the Shenzhou-19 crew, the Shenzhou 18 crew is set to return to the Dongfeng landing site on November 4, Lin said.
林西强还表示，神舟十八号乘组在与神舟十九号乘组完成在轨轮换后，将于11月4日返回东风着陆场。
Further optimization
进一步优化
The Global Times learned from the spacecraft developer China Academy of Spacecraft Technology under the country's leading space contractor CASC, on Wednesday that for this Shenzhou-19 mission, the development team optimized the orbital module's design and layout to enhance payload transportation capacity, increasing storage space by 20 percent.
《环球时报》于周三从中国领先的航天承包商中国航天集团旗下的航天器开发商中国航天器技术研究院获悉，对于这次神十九任务，开发团队优化了轨道舱的设计和布局，以提高有效载荷运输能力，增加20%的存储空间。
This improvement enables taikonauts and related systems to carry more time-sensitive and ad-hoc supplies. Not only does this advancement support the ongoing improvement of the Shenzhou-19 crewed spacecraft and new-generation spacecraft, gradually enhancing payload transport capabilities, but it also provides more efficient and stable in-orbit support for the long-term operation of China Space Station, the academy said in a statement it provided to the Global Times.
这一改进使航天员和相关系统能够携带更多时效性更强和临时的补给品。这一进步不仅支持了神舟十九号载人飞船和新一代飞船的持续改进，逐步提高了有效载荷运输能力，而且为中国空间站的长期运行提供了更高效、稳定的在轨支持。该研究院在提供给《环球时报》的一份声明中表示。
Further optimizing the mission, the Long March-2F Y19 rocket had implemented a 30-day testing and launch preparation process for the first time, its developer, the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology revealed to the Global Times.
为进一步优化任务，长征二号F遥十九运载火箭首次实施了为期30天的测试和发射准备流程，其研发单位中国运载火箭技术研究院向《环球时报》透露了这一信息。
Future manned moon programs
未来载人登月计划
The Shenzhou-19 crew includes two taikonauts born in 1990, making them the youngest crew since the manned space station missions began, Wang said.
王亚男表示，神舟十九号乘组中有两名出生于1990年的航天员，是自载人空间站任务开始以来最年轻的乘组。
This change can be attributed to two main reasons, he explained that with the space station now operational, there is a need for a large number of taikonauts for rotations and demanding tasks.
他解释说，这种变化可以归因于两个主要原因，随着空间站现在投入运行，需要大量的宇航员进行轮换并执行艰巨的任务。
China is pressing ahead with its goal to land taikonauts on the moon by 2030, accelerating with the development and construction efforts to turn this ambition into reality, the CMSA announced at a press conference on Tuesday.
中国载人航天工程办公室周二在新闻发布会上宣布，中国正加快推进2030年前实现航天员登月的目标，加速相关研制建设工作，力求将这一宏伟目标变为现实。
Wang also said that considering future manned lunar missions, more taikonauts are needed for both testing and actual flight operations, ideally within the 35 to 45 age range for optimal performance. Thus, the participation of 90s-born taikonauts in current manned space mission is indeed encouraging. Selecting younger taikonauts will help ensure that seasoned taikonauts take on leadership and organizational roles during complex future missions, while younger taikonauts focus on collaborative tasks.
王亚男还表示，考虑到未来的载人登月任务，需要更多的宇航员进行测试和实际飞行操作，理想情况下，年龄在35至45岁之间的航天员表现最佳。因此，90后航天员参与当前的载人航天任务确实令人鼓舞。选拔更年轻的航天员将有助于确保在未来复杂的任务中，经验丰富的航天员能够担任领导和组织角色，而年轻的宇航员则专注于协作任务。
China Space Station also welcomed its third female taikonaut and the first female flight engineer in the latest Shenzhou-19 mission.
在最新的神舟十九号任务中，中国空间站也迎来了第三位女性航天员和首位女性飞行工程师。
As manned space missions evolve, the inclusion of more women in manned flights is becoming an inevitable trend. For long-term missions at the space station or future lunar bases, the dynamics are similar, akin to forming a work family in a closed environment, the participation of female taikonauts greatly benefits the work atmosphere. The involvement of female taikonauts indicates that China will incorporate more female technical personnel in future manned missions, Wang noted.
随着载人航天任务的不断发展，更多女性参与载人飞行已成为不可避免的趋势。对于空间站的长期任务或未来的月球基地而言，情况类似，就像在封闭环境中组建一个工作家庭一样，女性宇航员的参与极大地改善了工作氛围。王亚男指出，女性航天员的参与表明，中国将在未来的载人任务中纳入更多女性技术人员。
During the Shenzhou-19 mission, biological experiments at the space station will be further enriched based on the first aquatic ecosystem (fish farming) conducted during Shenzhou-18 mission, including experiments with fruit flies.
神州十九号任务期间，空间站上的生物实验将在神舟十八号任务首次开展的水生生态系统（养鱼）实验的基础上进一步丰富，包括果蝇实验。
Three taikonauts of Shenzhou-19 mission will conduct experiments in life sciences, fluid dynamics, combustion, and materials science. Notably, fruit flies will be used as experimental subjects for the first time, creating a sub-magnetic environment in space to study their growth and behavior, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
中国科学院表示，神舟十九号的三名航天员将开展生命科学、流体力学、燃烧学和材料科学等方面的实验。值得注意的是，果蝇将首次被用作实验对象，在太空中创造亚磁场环境，研究其生长和行为。
Zhang Wei, a researcher at the Space Application Engineering and Technology Center of the CAS, explained that while Earth has a magnetic field, the moon lacks one, and Mars has a weak magnetic field. By establishing a sub-magnetic environment in space, researchers can investigate how sub-magnetic conditions and microgravity affect animal behavior and growth development.
中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心研究员张伟解释说，虽然地球有磁场，但月球没有，而火星的磁场很弱。通过在太空中建立亚磁场环境，研究人员可以调查亚磁场条件和微重力如何影响动物的行为和生长发育。
Fruit flies are an important model organism due to their small size, short life cycle, rapid reproduction, and relatively low chromosome count, making them ideal for genetic experiments. Additionally, many genes in fruit flies are similar to those in humans, providing insights into human genetic diseases and laying the groundwork for studying human adaptability in space.
果蝇是重要的模式生物，因为它们体型小、生命周期短、繁殖迅速且染色体数量相对较少， 是遗传实验的理想选择。此外，果蝇的许多基因与人类相似，有助于了解人类遗传疾病，并为研究人类在太空中的适应性奠定基础。
Additionally, Zhang revealed that as experimental devices and key technologies advance, rat experiments will also be conducted aboard the China Space Station in the future.
此外，张伟透露，随着实验设备和关键技术的进步，未来还将在中国空间站上进行老鼠实验。
According to China Central Television, the lunar bricks made of lunar soil simulant will be sent to China's space station aboard the Tianzhou-8 cargo spacecraft to verify their mechanical and thermal performance, as well as their ability to withstand cosmic radiation. The first lunar brick is expected to return to Earth by the end of 2025.
据中央电视台报道，由模拟月壤制成的“月球砖”将搭乘天舟八号货运飞船送往中国空间站，以验证其机械性能、热性能以及承受宇宙辐射的能力。第一块“月球砖”预计将于2025年底前返回地球。
This unprecedented exposure experiment on "lunar bricks" is a highlight of the Shenzhou-19 mission, Wang said. "China is broadening its research scope and intensifying its investigation, seeking pathways for swift engineering applications. Research on lunar bricks is essential for future lunar scientific explorations, as building long-term research bases on the moon requires construction materials, with the most practical approach being to utilize local resources and, ideally, on-site manufacturing."
王亚男表示，这次前所未有的“月球砖”暴露实验是神舟十九号任务的一大亮点。“中国正在拓宽研究领域，加大研究力度，寻求快速工程应用的途径。月球砖的研究对于未来的月球科学探索至关重要，由于在月球上建立长期研究基地需要建筑材料，而最实用的方法是利用当地资源，最好是进行现场制造。”
If this exposure experiment yields optimistic results, it would mean that the engineering technology for constructing bases on the moon would be supported by data, ensuring its feasibility, Wang said.
王亚男说，如果这次暴露实验取得乐观结果，就意味着月球基地建设工程技术将得到数据支持，确保其可行性。
When asked if the Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft mission embodies China's future moon missions, Kang Guohua, a professor of Aerospace Engineering at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, told the Global Times on Wednesday that one of the most marvelous features of the mission is to bridge the country's grand manned space program and the lunar exploration missions.
当被问及神舟十九号载人飞船任务是否体现了中国未来的月球任务时，南京航空航天大学航天工程学院教授康国华周三告诉《环球时报》，该任务最精彩的特点之一是将中国宏大的载人航天计划与月球探测任务连接起来。
