双语字幕
Colon Resection
结肠切除术
Your surgeon will perform a colon resection, which is the removal of part of your large intestine, if you have colorectal cancer or a number of other conditions.
对于结直肠癌或许多其他疾病的患者，医生将行结肠切除术，即切除部分大肠治疗。
The colon is a long muscular tube located at the end of the intestinal tract. After the stomach and small intestine digest food, the remaining material passes through the colon, where water and electrolytes are absorbed. The residual stool passes into the last six inches of the colon, known as the rectum, where it is stored until released.
结肠是位于肠道末端的一根长肌肉管。食物残渣在胃和小肠消化后，剩余物质进入结肠，结肠吸收里面的水和电解质。残留的粪便进入结肠最后6英寸部位，即直肠，并储存在直肠，直至排出。
Most of the conditions that are treated by a colon resection occur in the layer of cells that cover the inside surface of the colon, known as the mucosal lining. Colon resection is usually performed to treat colorectal cancer, one of the most common cancers.
大多数采取结肠切除术治疗的疾病发生于覆盖结肠内表面的细胞层，即粘膜层。结肠切除术通常用于治疗结直肠癌--最常见的癌症之一。
Other conditions it is used to treat include blockage of the intestine, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, trauma to the intestine, colon polyps, especially when numerous and large, complications of diverticulitis and ischemic bowel.
其他适应症包括肠梗阻、溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病、肠损伤、结肠息肉（尤其是数量众多且体积较大息肉），憩室炎和肠缺血并发症。
Before the surgery, you will be given general anesthesia to put you to sleep for the duration of the operation. A breathing tube will be inserted through your mouth and into your windpipe to help you breathe.
手术前，患者接受全身麻醉，确保术中进入睡眠状态。医生将呼吸管经患者的口腔，插入气管，帮助患者呼吸。
Your surgeon will begin by making an incision in your abdomen over the part of the colon that needs to be removed. Your surgeon will clamp your colon in two places, on each side of the section to be removed. He or she will cut through the colon at each clamp and remove the diseased portion in between, along with a margin of healthy colon and surrounding tissue.
手术开始时，医生在需要切除的结肠段对应的腹部部位做切口；夹住需要切除的结肠两端；在两端夹紧处切开结肠，切除病变结肠段，以及健康结肠和周围组织的边缘。
Finally, your surgeon will sew the two loose ends of the colon together. After your surgeon has completed the procedure, he or she will insert one or two drains to collect fluid that may accumulate around the surgery site, close the wound with sutures or staples, and cover it with bandages.
最后，医生将结肠两端未切除的部位缝合在一起。手术完成后，经切口插入1或2个引流管，收集手术部位积聚的液体，用缝线或缝合钉闭合切口，使用绷带包扎。
After your procedure, you will be taken to the recovery area for close observation and will be given antibiotics and pain medications as necessary. You will receive fluids and nutrition through an IV, then gradually progress from a liquid to a solid diet over several days. You will be encouraged to get out of bed and move about as soon as possible.
手术结束后，将患者转移至恢复区进行密切观察，必要时给予抗生素和止痛药治疗；通过IV补液和营养，然后，数天后，饮食由流体饮食逐渐转变为固体饮食；鼓励患者尽快下床走动。
知识点补充：
消化系统由分解食物、吸收营养和清除体内废物的器官组成，这些器官包括口腔、食道、胃、小肠、结肠、直肠和肛门。
（图源：太帅图库）
结肠切除术的类型
全结肠切除术
部分结肠切除术
半结肠切除术
结-直肠切除术
结肠切除术方法
开放式结肠切除术
腹腔镜下结肠切除术
结肠切除术用于治疗：
肠梗阻
（图源：太帅图库）
肠穿孔
（图源：太帅图库）
克罗恩病
（图源：太帅图库）
结肠癌
（图源：太帅图库）
家族性腺瘤性息肉病
林奇综合征
癌前结肠息肉（极高结肠癌风险）
（图源：太帅图库）
溃疡性结肠炎
（图源：太帅图库）
手术风险
麻醉反应
腿或肺部血栓
内出血
皮肤切口或腹内感染
疝气
胃内疤痕组织（粘连），可阻塞肠道
肠缝合处渗漏
邻近器官损伤
应密切观察患者，如出现以下情况，应立即进行处理：
体温≥38℃
切口肿胀，发红，出血或渗液
疼痛加剧
呼吸急促
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