经皮内镜下胃造瘘术（PEG）丨医学英语视听学习

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) 

经皮内镜下胃造瘘术（PEG）

Your doctor may perform a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy or PEG, to insert a feeding tube into your stomach if you were unable to take food by mouth for an extended period of time. 

如果患者长时间不能经口进食，医生可能行经皮内镜造瘘术（PEG），将喂养管插入胃。

Digestion of food begins in the mouth. When you swallow, food is pushed down into your esophagus, a muscular tube that carries food to your stomach where it is digested. From the stomach, food travels to your small intestine, where digestion continues and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 

食物消化始于口腔。患者吞咽时，食物被推入食管--一种将食物运送到胃进行消化的肌肉管。食物从胃进入小肠，继续消化，营养物质被吸收入血流。

Your doctor may require a PEG feeding tube if you cannot eat, digest or absorb food due to esophageal cancer, oral surgery or stroke, major surgery, trauma, burns or anorexia, inflammation of the pancreas, or radiation therapy, or inflammatory bowel disease affecting the small intestine.

如果患者因以下原因不能进食、消化或吸收食物，医生可能需要使用PEG喂养管：食道癌、口腔手术或卒中；大型手术、创伤、烧伤或厌食症；胰腺炎症；或放疗，或者影响小肠的炎症性肠病。

Before the procedure, you'll receive a sedative through an IV to help you relax. A local anesthetic will be administered at the site on your abdomen where the PEG tube is to be placed. The most commonly used PEG placement procedure is the Pull Method. 

术前，患者将接受IV镇静剂，以快速进入镇静状态。医生将在患者腹部PEG管置入部位局部注射麻醉剂。最常用的PEG置入术是牵拉置管法（Pull Method）。

During this procedure, your doctor will insert a lighted endoscope through your mouth and thread it down your esophagus and into your stomach. A camera attached to the endoscope will produce images of the inside of your stomach, which will be displayed on a video monitor. 

术中，医生经患者口腔插入带灯内窥镜，将其向下穿过食管，插入胃内。与内窥镜连接的相机将生成胃内图像，该图像将显示在视频监视器上。

Next, your doctor will insert a needle through your skin into your stomach at the location where the PEG tube is to be placed. 

接下来，医生会经患者的皮肤将针插入患者胃部PEG置入的部位。

While doing this, he or she will use the endoscope to locate the end of the needle inside your stomach and encircle it with a wire snare. Your doctor will then pass a thin wire through this needle into your stomach, attach the endoscope to the wire, and pull both the endoscope and wire out through your mouth. 

在此期间，他/她将使用内窥镜将针末端固定在胃内，使用金属丝圈套环绕。然后，通过针将细线穿入胃，连接内窥镜和线，然后经口腔将它们牵拉出来。

At this point, there will be a thin wire entering the front of your abdomen into your stomach and continuing upward and out of your mouth. Your doctor will attach the PEG feeding tube to the wire outside of your mouth. By gently tugging on the other end of the wire, he or she will pull the tube back through your mouth and esophagus and into your stomach. 

此时，进入腹前部的细线将进入胃，继续向上，从口腔拖出。医生将PEG喂养管与口外的线连接，轻轻拉扯线的另一端，将管经口腔和食管拉回胃内。

Your doctor will continue to pull until the tip of the tube comes out of the incisions in your stomach and abdomen. A soft round bumper attached to the portion of the tube that remains inside the stomach secures it in place. The outer portion of the tube will be secured with a bumper as well, and sterile gauze will be placed around the incision site. 

医生将继续牵拉，直至管尖端从患者的胃和腹部切口被拉出。胃内连接管的柔软圆形缓冲器将其固定。管外部也由缓冲器固定，切口周围放置消毒纱布。

In the alternative push method, your doctor will begin in the same fashion by using an endoscope to guide a wire through your abdominal wall and into your stomach. But instead of pulling the PEG tube through your mouth, he or she will push it directly into your stomach over the wire. 

应用替代推进置管法时，医生将以相同的方式，使用内窥镜引导线通过腹壁，进入胃。但是，他/她不会将PEG管通过口腔牵拉出来，而是通过线将其直接推入胃内。

After your procedure, you will continue to receive fluids through an IV for one to two days. Once there is evidence that your digestive tract is functioning, you will receive clear liquids through the PEG tube. If clear liquids are tolerated, you will receive a tube feeding formula through the PEG tube.

术后，患者继续接受静脉输液1~2天。一旦有迹象表明消化功能趋于正常，将通过PEG管给予患者流质喂养；如果流质耐受，患者将接受PEG管管饲喂养。