中考英语阅读高分技巧
您有没有这样的问题，英语阅读做了很多题，分数依然无法提升？甚至怀疑自己是否可以学好英语？我告诉您，这都是错觉。最后一周，再提 10 分的方法来了。英语阅读中最难的三个类型:1.词义猜测题；2.推理判断题；3.主旨大意题，这些题目往往会出现在后面较难的阅读篇章。如何搞定？请看下文。
问
今日主题——推理判断题的做题方法和训练题？
一．阅读理解之推理判断题题型特点
推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。
二．推理判断题的常考形式
这种类型的题主要有三种形式:
1.语义推理题：根据上下文的语义的推理出答案。
2.结论推理题：根据相应结论推理出答案。
3.出处推理题：根据出处推理出答案。
语义推理题要求学生根据文章、段落或句子的表层信息推断出深层含义,比如推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等;结论推理题和出处推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实推断出符合逻辑的结论或文章的出处。
三.推理判断题主要的设问方式
①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that...
②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage?
③The writer suggests that...
④The writer uses the example of...to show that...
⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward...?
⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
⑦From the passage,we know...
⑧The writer probably agrees that...
四.推理判断题的解题技巧
中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的每个句子,而且还要求能理解句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案,必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断才能回答。完成推理判断题,通常应注意以下两点:
1.特别留心特定细节
所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。
2.注意作者的语气和态度
作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感情色彩比较浓重的形容词和副词,特别留心短文句子的长度和结构。从措辞上我们可以推断出作者对所讨论话题的态度(肯定或否定,赞成或反对,褒扬或讽刺,喜好或厌恶等);从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气(郑重其事还是轻松活泼,实事求是还是夸大其词,真挚热诚还是冷嘲热讽等)。
五．21套真题练习
（ 1 ·浙江湖州· ）
New books recommended (被推荐的) for both adults and children | |
Love China All My Life:Isabel Crook’s Stories The book is written by Tan Kai. It is about Isabel Crook, a woman who spent many years on China’s English language education and the communications between China and Canada.
| Great Wall Underground:Karez Irrigation System (坎儿井灌溉系统) The book is for children aged 5-1 . With beautiful pictures and vivid language, it can let young readers know the history and function of the karez underground irrigation system in Xinjiang.
|
A Brief History of the Spreading of Chinese CultureWritten by Wu Bin, once the director of the Shenyang Palace Museum, the book is about special people and great events in history when Chinese culture went abroad.
| An Appreciation (欣赏) of the Old Summer PalaceThe beauty of the ruined (被毁坏的) Old Summer Palace could only be found in paper. However, Guo Daiheng, a professor of Tsinghua University, and her students give life to 6 % of the Palace’s look with the modern technology. The book, with hundreds of pictures, is a record of their work.
|
18．This text is most probably from the part of ______ in a newspaper.
A．culture B．business C．health D．sports
18．A
【解析】推理判断题。根据“New books recommended (被推荐的) for both adults and children”以及文章的理解可知，主要是新书的推荐，应该是在报纸的文化板块，故选A。
（ 2 ·浙江丽水· ）
How to Become A Champion A True Tale of how Christy Reaches the Top (Second Editon) Elizabeth A．Conard www.xbrls.com Hardback | Paperback | E-book $27.99 | $13.99 | $3.99 Christy’s dream is to become the best junior rider in America by winning the top annual national horse riding championship, the McClay medal. From age three to eighteen, she has to learn to deal with all kinds of horses, training skills, choices of trainers, troublesome weather, and horse showing challenges. It takes bravery, patience and determination to become a superb rider, but she keeps trying. Read about her journey and see if she succeeds as she wishes. |
From Dusk to Dawn The Vicissitudes of Life Henry Krauss www.xlibris.com Hardback | Paperback | E-book $26.99 | $18.99 | $3.99 We all face challenges in life, like the boat in the sea on the book cover. From Dusk to Dawn shares a collection of poems that vividly paints a picture of how people overcome illness, war and emotional stress. |
What Is A Home? Alena Hrnic www.xdibrhs.com Paperback | E-book $13.99 | $3.99 This children’s book describes what the author has learned about the meaning of “home”. Through her own experience, the author created a story that allows you to talk to your children about immigration, displacement, housing insecurity, and homelessness. | |
16．The texts are probably ________.
A．ads B．news C．stories D．notices
18．From the texts. we can infer(推断) “Xlibris” is a ________.
A．school sharing books B．factory printing books
C．website selling books D．coffee shop offering books
【答案】16．A 18．C
【解析】
本文是三本书的广告信息，介绍了书的价格以及主要内容。
16．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是三本书的广告信息，故选A。
18．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是三本书的广告信息，结合网址“www.xlibris.com”可推断“Xlibris”是图书销售网站，故选C。
问
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